Liposome-encapsulated methemoglobin as an antidote against cyanide poisoning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuto Suzuki ◽  
Kazuaki Taguchi ◽  
Tomoko Kure ◽  
Hiromi Sakai ◽  
Yuki Enoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyanide Poisoning

Evaluation of aqueous dimethyl trisulfide as an antidote to a highly lethal cyanide poisoning in a large swine model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tara B. Hendry-Hofer ◽  
Carter C. Severance ◽  
Subrata Bhadra ◽  
Patrick C. Ng ◽  
Kirsten Soules ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swine Model ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Dimethyl Trisulfide

scholarly journals Revisiting Konzo Risk Factors in Three Areas Differently Affected by Spastic Paraparesis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Discloses a Prominent Role of the Nutritional Status—A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2628
Author(s):  
Marius Baguma ◽  
Espoir Bwenge Malembaka ◽  
Esto Bahizire ◽  
Germain Zabaday Mudumbi ◽  
Dieudonné Bahati Shamamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to better understand the respective contributions of protein malnutrition and cassava-derived cyanide poisoning in the development of konzo. We compared data on nutritional status and cyanide exposure of school-age adolescent konzo-diseased patients to those of non-konzo subjects of similar age from three areas in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Our results show that konzo patients had a high prevalence of both wasting (54.5%) and stunting (72.7%), as well as of cyanide poisoning (81.8%). Controls from Burhinyi and those from Idjwi showed a similar profile with a low prevalence of wasting (3.3% and 6.5%, respectively) and intermediate prevalence of stunting (26.7% and 23.9%, respectively). They both had a high prevalence of cyanide poisoning (50.0% and 63.0%, respectively), similar to konzo-patients. On the other hand, controls from Bukavu showed the lowest prevalence of both risk factors, namely chronic malnutrition (12.1%) and cyanide poisoning (27.6%). In conclusion, cassava-derived cyanide poisoning does not necessarily coexist with konzo outbreaks. The only factor differentiating konzo patients from healthy individuals exposed to cyanide poisoning appeared to be their worse nutritional status. This further suggests that, besides the known role of cyanide poisoning in the pathogenesis of konzo, malnutrition may be a key factor for the disease occurrence.

scholarly journals Proof of concept efficacy study of intranasal stabilized isoamyl nitrite (SIAN) in rhesus monkeys against acute cyanide poisoning

2021 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 104927
Author(s):  
Yifei Zhong ◽  
Robert E. Raulli ◽  
Samir Abtout ◽  
Simon Authier ◽  
Alexis Ascah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Efficacy Study ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning

Acute cyanide poisoning following administration of Laetrile enemas

1978 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Ortega ◽  
James E. Creek
Keyword(s):  
Cyanide Poisoning

scholarly journals Classification tree methods for development of decision rules for botulism and cyanide poisoning

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howell Sasser ◽  
Marcy Nussbaum ◽  
Michael Beuhler ◽  
Marsha Ford
Keyword(s):  
Classification Tree ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Tree Methods

Successful organ transplantation after treatment of fatal cyanide poisoning with hydroxocobalamin

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 468-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Fortin ◽  
M. Ruttimann ◽  
G. Capellier ◽  
A. Bigorie ◽  
S. Ferlicot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning

Intraosseous administration of hydroxocobalamin after enclosed structure fire cardiac arrest

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e239523
Author(s):  
Joshua Mastenbrook ◽  
Rachel Zamihovsky ◽  
Nathan Brunken ◽  
Thomas Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Hospital Arrival ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Developed World

Smoke inhalation is the most common cause of acute cyanide poisoning in the developed world. Hydroxocobalamin is an antidote for cyanide poisoning. There is little published about human intraosseous antidote administration. We present a case of intraosseous hydroxocobalamin administration in an adult smoke inhalation victim, found in cardiac arrest inside her burning manufactured home. Return of spontaneous circulation was achieved after 20 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Five grams of hydroxocobalamin were subsequently given intraosseously. On hospital arrival, patient was found to have a respiratory-metabolic acidosis. She had red-coloured urine without haematuria, a known sequela of hydroxocobalamin administration. Patient’s neurological status deteriorated, and she died 4 days after admission. This case highlights that intraosseously administered hydroxocobalamin seems to adequately flow into the marrow cavity and enter the circulatory system despite the non-compressible glass antidote vial. This appears to be only the second reported human case of intraosseous hydroxocobalamin administration.

A Retrospective Descriptive Study on Death Due to Cyanide Poisoning Over a Period of 20 Years in Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 2697-2701
Author(s):  
Sasikala K ◽  
Vitni Fernz ◽  
Abitha Raj B.T ◽  
Ajith V. Asok ◽  
Amritha Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Serial Killers ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Pro Forma

BACKGROUND Cyanide is a rapidly acting poison which has been the suicidal agent of choice since time unknown. Its notoriety also extends to homicide, and it has often been used by serial killers. It is found in nature and is used in various industries, but is difficult to obtain nowadays as a result of strict policy implementation. METHODS All cases of cyanide poisoning over a period of 20 years from 2000 to 2019 were studied. Samples were sent for identification and quantification by GC-MS to the chemical examiner’s laboratory. Data was collected in pro forma and entered into Microsoft Excel and analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). RESULTS A total of 84 cases were studied over a period of 20 years. The majority of cases were recorded in the first decade of the study period. Most common age group involved was 31 to 40 years. Males comprised 84.9 % of the total. Majority were suicidal in nature, and 22.6 % were suicide pacts. The reason for committing suicide could not be found in 59.3 %. 67.9 % were found dead or brought dead to the hospital. In 24 % cases, the typical smell of bitter almonds was identified. Police were able to make out the presence of poison in 83.3 % during the preliminary investigation. CONCLUSIONS Males were the commonly affected. Ingestion of poison was the method of administration in all cases. Majority were suicides, and occurred in the residence of the victims. In majority of cases, police could identify the cause of death as poisoning. The characteristic smell could be identified only in a few cases. KEYWORDS Cyanide, Corrosion, Poisoning, Suicide

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