High throughput MOVPE and accelerated growth rate of GaAs for PV application

AbstractOver the last 30 years, computational biologists have developed increasingly realistic mathematical models of the regulatory networks controlling the division of eukaryotic cells. These models capture data resulting from two complementary experimental approaches: low-throughput experiments aimed at extensively characterizing the functions of small numbers of genes, and large-scale genetic interaction screens that provide a systems-level perspective on the cell division process. The former is insufficient to capture the interconnectivity of the genetic control network, while the latter is fraught with irreproducibility issues. Here, we describe a hybrid approach in which the genetic interactions between 36 cell-cycle genes are quantitatively estimated by high-throughput phenotyping with an unprecedented number of biological replicates. Using this approach, we identify a subset of high-confidence genetic interactions, which we use to refine a previously published mathematical model of the cell cycle. We also present a quantitative dataset of the growth rate of these mutants under six different media conditions in order to inform future cell cycle models.Author SummaryThe process of cell division, also called the cell cycle, is controlled by a highly complex network of interconnected genes. If this process goes awry, diseases such as cancer can result. In order to unravel the complex interactions within the cell cycle control network, computational biologists have developed mathematical models that describe how different cell cycle genes are related. These models are built using large datasets describing the effect of mutating one or more genes within the network. In this manuscript, we present a novel method for producing such datasets. Using our method, we generate 7,350 yeast mutants to explore the interactions between key cell cycle genes. We measure the effect of the mutations by monitoring the growth rate of the yeast mutants under different environmental conditions. We use our mutants to revise an existing model of the yeast cell cycle and present a dataset of ∼44,000 gene by environment combinations as a resource to the yeast genetics and modeling communities.

Download Full-text

Socioeconomic disparities and infancy growth trajectory: a population-based and longitudinal study

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-021-02995-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zi-yu Shao ◽

Peng Wang ◽

Pei Li ◽

Yu Sun ◽

Pei-pei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Rapid Growth ◽

Growth Mixture Modeling ◽

Growth Trajectory ◽

Delivery Mode ◽

Low Ses ◽

Accelerated Growth

Abstract Background The association of low socioeconomic status (SES) with childhood and adolescent obesity has been reported. It is unknown whether low SES affects body mass index (BMI) growth trajectory in the first 12 mo of life. Moreover, accelerated growth as a compensatory mechanism for low birth weight (LBW) during infancy, is an important predictor of later obesity. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of low SES with infancy BMI growth rate and trajectory for LBW and normal birth weight (NBW) infants. Methods From September 2012 to October 2014, a total of 387 infants in this longitudinal study was subjected to repeated measures of weight and length from birth to 12 mo in Hefei. Generalized growth mixture modeling was used to classify the infancy BMI growth trajectories. Differences in infancy BMI z score (zBMI) and BMI growth rate between low SES and high SES were estimated based on linear regression after adjusting for several confounders including maternal age, pregnancy BMI, physical activity during pregnancy, paternal BMI as well as alcohol use, paternal smoking status, breastfeeding duration and delivery mode. Results Infancy BMI trajectories in this study were classified into three categories: rapid growth (class 1), normal growth (class 2) and slow growth (class 3). Low SES infants had the higher zBMI than high SES infants for LBW group at age 6 mo [zBMI difference with 95% CI at 6 mo: 0.28(0.03, 0.53); at 12 mo: 0.21(0.01, 0.43)]. Low SES infants had more rapid zBMI growth rate than those with high SES for low birth weight between 0 and 6 months. Controlling for the confounders, these associations remained robust. We found the lower SES in the rapid growth group. Conclusions These findings highlighted the impact of low SES on increasing BMI and accelerated growth during early infancy. Health care and relatively optimal family environment in the first 12 mo of life, especially for LBW infants, are benefit to shape the better infancy growth trajectory.

Download Full-text

Attained Size and Growth Rate of Female Volleyball Players between 9 and 13 Years of Age

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.6.3.257 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 257-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robert M. Malina

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Body Size ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Growth Status ◽

School Year ◽

Body Weights ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Tall Girls ◽

Accelerated Growth ◽

Average Body

The growth status and rate of a mixed-longitudinal sample (N = 19) of female volleyball players 9–13 years of age were compared to reference data for the general population. The athletes were measured at the beginning and end of the school year. Growth rates in stature and weight adjusted to 6-month intervals were calculated. The results indicate mean statures that are above U.S. reference medians and mean weights that are near the medians (i.e., tall girls with average body weights). Estimated half-year growth rates in stature and weight from 10.0–13.0 years closely match the respective medians of the Fels longitudinal study. The data thus suggest that the larger body size of young volleyball players is not a function of accelerated growth rate during these early adolescent ages and, thus, not due to earlier maturation; body size is likely genotypic and probably reflects selection at relatively young ages for the size demands of the sport.

Download Full-text

YODA: Software to facilitate high-throughput analysis of chronological life span, growth rate, and survival in budding yeast

BMC Bioinformatics ◽

10.1186/1471-2105-11-141 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 141 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Brady Olsen ◽

Christopher J Murakami ◽

Matt Kaeberlein

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Life Span ◽

High Throughput ◽

Budding Yeast ◽

High Throughput Analysis ◽

Throughput Analysis ◽

Chronological Life Span

Download Full-text

Hyperprogressors after Immunotherapy: Analysis of Genomic Alterations Associated with Accelerated Growth Rate

Clinical Cancer Research ◽

10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-3133 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (15) ◽

pp. 4242-4250 ◽

Cited By ~ 333

Author(s):

Shumei Kato ◽

Aaron Goodman ◽

Vighnesh Walavalkar ◽

Donald A. Barkauskas ◽

Andrew Sharabi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Genomic Alterations ◽

Accelerated Growth

Download Full-text

Reconstitution of dynamic microtubules with Drosophila XMAP215, EB1, and Sentin

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.201206101 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 199 (5) ◽

pp. 849-862 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Wenjing Li ◽

Takashi Moriwaki ◽

Tomomi Tani ◽

Takashi Watanabe ◽

Kozo Kaibuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

S2 Cells ◽

Cooperative Action ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster S2 Cells ◽

Cargo Protein ◽

Wide Range ◽

Growth Promoting ◽

Accelerated Growth ◽

Potent Growth

Dynamic microtubules (MTs) are essential for various intracellular events, such as mitosis. In Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells, three MT tip-localizing proteins, Msps/XMAP215, EB1, and Sentin (an EB1 cargo protein), have been identified as being critical for accelerating MT growth and promoting catastrophe events, thus resulting in the formation of dynamic MTs. However, the molecular activity of each protein and the basis of the modulation of MT dynamics by these three factors are unknown. In this paper, we showed in vitro that XMAP215msps had a potent growth-promoting activity at a wide range of tubulin concentrations, whereas Sentin, when recruited by EB1 to the growing MT tip, accelerated growth and also increased catastrophe frequency. When all three factors were combined, the growth rate was synergistically enhanced, and rescue events were observed most frequently, but frequent catastrophes restrained the lengthening of the MTs. We propose that MT dynamics are promoted by the independent as well as the cooperative action of XMAP215msps polymerase and the EB1–Sentin duo.

Download Full-text

Population structure of the sand dollar Echinarachnius parma in the subtidal zone of the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence, eastern Canada

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z96-079 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 74 (4) ◽

pp. 698-709 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. Cabanac ◽

J. H. Himmelman

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Size Structure ◽

Subtidal Zone ◽

Size Distributions ◽

Sand Dollar ◽

Eastern Canada ◽

Different Depths ◽

Accelerated Growth ◽

Sand Dollars ◽

Water Turbulence

We examined changes in populations of Echinarachnius parma with depth on subtidal sediment slopes in the Mingan Islands. Size distributions showed the presence of two major groups measuring 1–21 and 37–62 mm in length, respectively. Intermediate-sized sand dollars were rare. Juveniles (< 28 mm in length) were extremely abundant at 16 and 20 m depth (460–660/m2) and decreased in number with decreasing depth, whereas the density of adults was relatively stable at different depths. Juveniles were more frequently buried (95%) than adults (30%). Analysis of growth lines and of shifts in juvenile cohorts indicated that growth rate increased with size up to a maximum between 20 and 40 mm and then decreased sharply. The bimodal size structure is possibly due to the accelerated growth rate at intermediate sizes. We hypothesize that sand dollars move to shallower water with increasing size to take advantage of food resources, possibly benthic diatoms, which are more abundant there. Large individuals are probably better adapted than juveniles to exploiting shallower water because they are less likely to be transported by water turbulence.

Download Full-text