Inhibitory effect of Novel Green polymer (Aspartic-citric acid) on the process of nucleation during Gypsum scale formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 126472
Author(s):  
Shahid Z Ansari ◽  
Aniruddha B. Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Scale Formation ◽  
Green Polymer

THE ACTION OF CORTICOSTEROIDS ON THE RENAL EXCRETION AND UTILIZATION OF CITRIC ACID

1964 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Laake ◽  
Erling Kruge Brodwall
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Acid Clearance ◽  
Tubular Lumen

ABSTRACT During treatment with steroid hormones the tubular reabsorption of citric acid (cit.) increases, and the endogenous citric acid clearance is reduced. This is attributed to increased diffusion of citric acid from the tubular lumen to the renal tissue. With simultaneous administration of corticosteroids and anabolic steroids the tubular reabsorption of citric acid becomes normal. Steroid hormones block the renal synthesis of cit. and the renal utilization of cit. becomes identical with the amount of cit. reabsorbed in the tubules. Blockade of the synthesis of cit. is attributed to the inhibitory effect of steroid hormones on enzyme systems.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITION AND ANDROGENIC ACTIVITY IN PUBESCENT TWIN CALVES, AND THE EFFECT OF ORCHITIS

1967 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MANN ◽  
L. E. A. ROWSON ◽  
R. V. SHORT ◽  
J. D. SKINNER
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Control Animal ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Identical Twin ◽  
Androgen Deficiency ◽  
Androgenic Activity ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARY The inhibitory effect of underfeeding on the process of male pubescence was studied in three pairs of bovine identical twin calves by feeding one twin on a normal and the other on a low plane of nutrition. As a result of malnutrition the development of the androgenic function of the testes was retarded much more markedly than spermatogenesis. In the undernourished twin the testes contained and secreted less testosterone, and showed a lower testosterone: androstenedione ratio, than in the control animal. This nutritionally conditioned androgen deficiency was clearly reflected in a markedly retarded onset of production of fructose and citric acid by the seminal vesicles. After castration the underfed twin responded to testosterone injections much more sluggishly than the control twin, as shown by the delayed appearance of fructose and citric acid in electrically-induced ejaculates. Observations were also made on the effects of orchitis and cryptorchidism. Both these conditions lowered markedly the androgenic activity in the calves.

Citric Acid Enhances the Antithrombotic Effect of Aspirin in Many Aspirin-Resistant Subjects

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Kaplan ◽  
Alexander Kaplan ◽  
Karen F. Marcoe ◽  
William P. Hammond ◽  
Lloyd D. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Platelet Aggregometry ◽  
Antithrombotic Medication ◽  
Average Drop ◽  
Apparently Healthy

This study had three objectives: (1) to determine the frequency of high platelet aggregators in a consecutive series of 268 apparently healthy volunteers who presented to our Center; (2) to assess the inhibitory effect of aspirin (ASA) on these high aggregators; (3) to determine, in a double-blind trial, whether or not the addition of citric acid (CTA) to ASA would increase its inhibitory effect in subjects who had a suboptimal response to aspirin alone. A platelet aggregation-scoring methodology developed for turbidimetric platelet aggregometry was used to quantify baseline aggregation and medicinal effects. We define a high aggregator as one whose unmedicated PA score is ≥30. We define the response of a high aggregator to ASA as poor if the medicated PA score stays at ≥30. We found that 58 of 268 apparently healthy unmedicated volunteers (22%) had PA scores ≥30. and that 27 of these (47%) had a poor response to 325 mg ASA, with an average drop in their PA scores from 49.5 ± 13.1 to 41.1 ± 8.6 (16%). Twenty-five of these 27 people were enrolled in the double-Mind study comparing the effect of ASA and ASA + CTA on platelet aggregability. Of these high aggregators who had a poor response to ASA, 12 of 25 (50%) had a good response to 162.5 mg of ASA plus 162.5 mg of CTA, with an average drop of their PA scores from 46.7 ± 13.2 to 22.0 ± 5.2 (53%). CTA alone had no effect on the PA score, which was similar to the control placebo. Our data suggest that a 1:1 combination of ASA and CTA may offer significantly greater protection agairtst arterial thrombotic events than ASA alone in subjects who respond poorly to ASA. Key Words: Platelet aggregation—Antithrombotic medication—Thrombosis.

Capsazepine inhibits cough induced by capsaicin and citric acid but not by hypertonic saline in guinea pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1082-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. G. Lalloo ◽  
A. J. Fox ◽  
M. G. Belvisi ◽  
K. F. Chung ◽  
P. J. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Cough Reflex ◽  
Acidic Solutions ◽  
Nasal Irritation ◽  
Cough Response

Acidic solutions mimick many of the effects of capsaicin (Cap), including pain, bronchoconstriction, cough, and sensory neuropeptide release. Evidence from the use of the Cap antagonist capsazepine suggests that in some cases protons act at the Cap receptor. In the present study, we have investigated whether cough evoked by Cap and citric acid (CA) is mediated specifically via the Cap receptor on airway sensory nerves. We have examined the effects of capsazepine on Cap-, CA-, and hypertonic saline-induced cough and also on CA-induced nasal irritation in awake guinea pigs. Capsazepine was nebulized for 5 min before cough challenges with Cap for 5 min and CA for 10 min. Control animals were pretreated with vehicle alone. Capsazepine (100 microM) inhibited the cough response to 30 microM Cap from 0.77 +/- 0.14 coughs/min in control animals to 0.23 +/- 0.08 coughs/min (P < 0.05) and to 80 microM Cap from 1.4 +/- 0.23 to 0.3 +/- 0.11 coughs/min (P < 0.01). There was no effect, however, of lower concentrations of capsazepine (5 and 10 microM) against Cap-evoked cough. At a concentration of 100 microM, capsazepine also inhibited the coughing induced by 0.25 M CA from 1.8 +/- 0.26 to 0.93 +/- 0.31 coughs/min (P < 0.05) but not that induced by 0.5 M CA. Nasal irritation induced by 0.25 M CA, but not by 0.5 M CA, was also inhibited by capsazepine from 2.47 +/- 0.37 to 0.75 +/- 0.31 nose wipes/min (P < 0.05). This inhibitory effect of capsazepine did not appear to reflect a nonspecific suppression of the cough reflex, since cough evoked by exposure to hypertonic (7%) saline for 10 min was unaffected by pretreatment with capsazepine (100 microM). These data show that capsazepine is a specific inhibitor of Cap- and CA-induced cough in guinea pigs. Moreover, they suggest that low pH stimuli evoke cough and nasal irritation by an action at the Cap receptor, either directly or through the release of an intermediate agent.

Direct observations of membrane scale in membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment application

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2267-2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kim ◽  
T. I. Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Scale Formation ◽  
Membrane Pores ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Treatment Application ◽  
Inorganic Fouling

The formation of inorganic fouling on MF membrane was investigated in membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating industrial wastewater. Membrane autopsy works using microscopic techniques and surface analysis were carried out at the completion of pilot-scale operation to analyze foulant materials extensively. Scaling occurred on the membrane surface significantly in the MBR treating calcium-rich wastewater (LSI &gt; 2.0). Our experiments showed that the coverage of the membrane surface by the inorganic fouling consisted mostly of calcium while the internal fouling within membrane pores due to the scale formation was almost negligible. Most of calcium was rejected on the MF membrane surface as scale formation of calcium carbonate (&gt;90% as rejection). The sequence sodium hypochlorite-citric acid for the removal of membrane scale was more effective than the sequence citric acid-sodium hypochlorite cleaning. It appeared that the structure of organic compounds combined with calcium became loose by the addition of the sodium hypochlorite, thereby releasing calcium more easily from the membrane by applying the acid cleaning agent.

scholarly journals Variasi Antioksidan dalam Pembuatan Protected Active Dried Yeast

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ronny Purwadi ◽  
Vita Wonoputri ◽  
Febri Ulfa Fitriana ◽  
Najwa Shufia Choliq
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Ascorbyl Palmitate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
Rate Test

Abstrak. Penggunaan antioksidan pada pembuatan protected active dried yeast (PADY) dapat memperpanjang umur simpan ragi kering. Antioksidan yang sering digunakan adalah antioksidan sintesis BHA dan BHT yang diduga bersifat karsinogenik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari alternatif antioksidan yang lebih aman. Lima antioksidan yaitu asam sitrat, asam askorbat, tokoferol, natrium eritrobat, dan askorbil palmitat pada rentang konsentrasi 0,025-0,5% diuji pada suspensi ragiuntuk mempelajari efek inhibisi dari antioksidan tersebut. Uji laju produksi CO2 menunjukkan sifat noninhibisi dari asam askorbat, natrium eritorbat, asam sitrat, dan tokoferol, sedangkan sifat inhibisi askorbil palmitat dan BHT perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Formulasi antioksidan terpilih untuk produksi PADY adalah asam sitrat 0,5%, asam askorbat 0,5%, dan tokoferol 0,5%. Pengeringan ragi dengan spray dryer menghasilkan PADY dengan kadar air sesuai standar. PADY dengan sifat fisik terbaik adalah variasi asam sitrat 0,5% dan asam askorbat 0,5% karena kelarutan dalam air yang baik serta granula yang lebih halus. Stabilitas vitalitas PADY diukur selama 45-50 hari, dan didapatkan PADY dengan antioksidan asam askorbat 0,5% memiliki konstanta laju kematian terendah, yaitu 0,0492/hari, setara dengan umur simpan 20 hari. Dengan demikian, formulasi antioksidan asam askorbat 0,5% berpotensi untuk dikembangkan pada produksi PADY. Kata kunci: antioksidan, ragi kering, stabilitas, vitalitas. Abstract. Variation of Antioxidant in Production of Protected Active Dried Yeast. The use of antioxidants in production of protected active dried yeast (PADY) can increase dried yeast’s shelf life. Usually, the antioxidants used are synthetic antioxidants such as BHA and BHT, which are known to be carcinogenic. Therefore, the aim of this research is to study antioxidant alternative that is safer. Five antioxidants, i.e. citric acid, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, sodium erythorbate, and ascorbyl palmitate in concentration range of 0.025-0.5% were tested on yeast suspension to study its inhibitory effect. CO2 production rate test showed noninhibitory characteristic of ascorbic acid, sodium erythorbate, citric acid, and tocopherol, whereas ascorbyl palmitate and BHT showed inhibitory characteristic. Formulations of antioxidants selected are 0.5% citric acid, 0.5% ascorbic acid, and 0.5% tocopherol. Spray drying of yeast resulted in PADY with moisture content within standard. PADYs with the best physical properties are 0.5% citric acid and 0.5% ascorbic acid variation due to good water solubility and finer granules. Vitality stability of PADY was measured for 45-50 days. PADY with 0.5% ascorbic acid had the lowest death rate constant, i.e. 0.0492/day, which is equivalent to 20-days shelf life. Thus, ascorbic acid antioxidant formulation of 0.5% can be developed in the production of PADY. Keywords: antioxidant, dried yeast, stability, vitality.

Predictive Model of Listeria Monocytogenes’ Growth Rate Under Different Temperatures and Acids

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Carrasco ◽  
R. García-Gimeno ◽  
R. Seselovsky ◽  
A. Valero ◽  
F. Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Bias Factor ◽  
Different Temperatures

A response surface model of Listeria monocytogenes’ growth rate was built in this study under different temperatures (10 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C) and acid concentrations: citric acid (0–0.4%) and ascorbic acid (0–0.4%); two ingredients which are often used in the food industry as preservatives. Mathematical validation was performed with additional samples at different conditions within the range of the model, obtaining acceptable values of root mean square error (0.0466), standard error of prediction (18.84%), bias factor (1.05) and accuracy factor (1.16). The inhibitory effect on growth was more effective with citric acid than ascorbic acid, possibly due to the major dissociation of citric acid occurring inside microbial cells. The different conditions considered in the model will potentially allow L. monocytogenes’ response to be predicted in foods having a similar composition to the chemical and physical factors set out in this paper.

scholarly journals CaSO4Scale Formation on Vibrated Piping System in the Presence Citric Acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
W. Mangestiyono ◽  
J. Jamari ◽  
S. Muryanto ◽  
A. P. Bayuseno
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Deposition Rate ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Scale Formation ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Pipe Section ◽  
Crystal Phases

Vibration in many industries commonly generated by the operation mechanical equipment such as extruder, mixer, blower, compressor, turbine, generator etc. Vibration propagates into the floor and attacks the pipe around those mechanical equipment. In this paper, the influence of vibration in a pipe on the CaSO4scale formation was investigated to understand the effect of vibration on the kinetics, mass of scale, crystal phases and crystal polymorph. To generate vibration force, mechanical equipment was prepared consisted of electrical motor, crankshaft, connecting rod and a vibration table at where test pipe section mounted. Deposition rate increased significantly when the vibration affected to the system i.e. 0.5997 and 1.6705 gr/hr for vibration frequency 4.00 and 8.00 Hz. The addition 10.00 ppm of citric acid declined the deposition rate of 8 Hz experiment from 3.4599 gr/hr to 2.2865 gr/hr.

Chemical Preservatives Action on Microbial Growth in a Model System of Refrigerated Prepeeled Potatoes

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. GIANNUZZI ◽  
N. E. ZARITZKY
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Model System ◽  
Sodium Bisulfite ◽  
Chemical Preservatives ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The effect of different concentrations of citric acid and ascorbic acid (applied individually or in mixture's) on microbial growth in potato homogenate was analyzed and compared to the sodium bisulfite action during storage at 4°C in low gaseous permeability films. These experiments allowed one to simulate the behavior of prepeeled potatoes but with a known amount of added preservative to evaluate additive or synergic effects. Total viable microorganisms, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas sp., Lactobacillus sp., molds, yeasts, Clostridium sulfite reducers, psychrotropic microorganisms, and aerobic and anaerobic viable spores were analyzed during storage time. Inhibition indexes produced by the tested preservatives were calculated for the different microorganisms. Sodium bisulfite solutions (100 ppm) had no inhibitory effect. Concentrations of 3,500 ppm citric acid and 10,000 ppm ascorbic acid showed antimicrobial action as well as mixtures of citric acid/ascorbic acid of the following compositions (in terms of total acids concentration): 2,700/2,000, 3,500/2,000, and 2,700/3,000 ppm. A higher effect on Enterobacteriaceae was observed in comparison with other microorganisms. The apparent synergic effect of these acids when they were applied together was demonstrated to be actually an additive effect when concentrations of undissociated acid in the mixtures were considered instead of total concentration.

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