Species-specific effect of microplastics on fish embryos and observation of toxicity kinetics in larvae

Mesodermal tissue from the chick embryo at various stages of early differentiation was cultured in hydrated gels of type I collagen in the presence and absence of transferrin. Primary mesoderm explants from primitive-streak-stage embryos responded to the presence of avian transferrin by significantly improved outgrowth which appeared to be related to the ability of the cells to attach to, and migrate in, the collagen. No evidence was obtained which suggested that this observation was dependent on increased cell proliferation. This outgrowth enhancement was not duplicated by transferrin of human origin. The avian transferrin did not produce this effect on cells cultured on plastic substrata, suggesting that the species-specific effect involves modulation by the extracellular matrix. Mesoderm explants from somite stages of development showed no increase in outgrowth in the presence of either avian or human transferrin as judged by counting the number of outwandering cells. Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry indicated surface binding of transferrin by cells in the gels, and the presence of endogenous transferrin on the surfaces of mesoderm cells in situ and in their extracellular environment. It is suggested that by binding to cell surface receptors, transferrin may be able to influence the strength of cellular adhesion to collagen and hence the capacity for cell locomotion.

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Osteocalcin Production in Primary Osteoblast Cultures Derived from Normal and Hyp Mice

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/endo.139.1.5677 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 139 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Thomas O. Carpenter ◽

Kathleen C. Moltz ◽

Bruce Ellis ◽

Monica Andreoli ◽

Thomas L. McCarthy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Messenger Rna ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Primary Cultures ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Continuous Exposure ◽

Primary Osteoblast ◽

Characteristic Features ◽

Species Specific ◽

Osteocalcin Production

Abstract Rickets and osteomalacia are characteristic features of the Hyp mouse model of human X-linked hypophosphatemia. Hyp mice demonstrate elevated circulating osteocalcin levels, as well as altered regulation of osteocalcin by 1,25(OH)2D3. Whether this osteocalcin abnormality is intrinsic to the osteoblast, or mediated by the in vivo milieu, has not been established. We therefore characterized osteocalcin production and its regulation by 1,25(OH)2D3 in primary cultures of murine osteoblasts and examined osteocalcin and its messenger RNA in response to 1,25(OH)2D3 in cultures of Hyp mouse-derived osteoblasts. Cell viability and osteocalcin production are optimal when murine cells are harvested within 36 h of age. Murine primary osteoblast cultures mineralize and produce osteocalcin in a maturation-dependent fashion (as demonstrated in other species), and continuous exposure to 1,25(OH)2D3, beginning at day 9 of culture, inhibits osteoblast differentiation and osteocalcin production and prevents mineralization of the culture. However, in contrast to other species, exposure to 1,25(OH)2D3, added later (days 17–25) in culture, does not stimulate osteocalcin but arrests osteocalcin production at current levels. Ambient media levels of osteocalcin were no different in cultures from Hyp mice and their normal litter mates, and the down-regulatory response to 1,25(OH)2D3 was comparable in cultures from normal and Hyp mice. Furthermore, expression of osteocalcin messenger RNA in murine cultures is reduced with exposure to 1,25(OH)2D3, and there is no difference between normal and Hyp cultures in this response. Thus, primary murine osteoblasts manifest a species-specific effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on osteocalcin production. Furthermore, the increased serum osteocalcin production seen in intact Hyp mice, and the altered response to 1,25(OH)2D3 in Hyp mice, are not observed in osteoblast cultures derived from the mutant strain. These data indicate that abnormalities of osteocalcin described in intact Hyp mice require factors other than those present in cultured cells.

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Host cell species-specific effect of cyclosporine A on simian immunodeficiency virus replication

Retrovirology ◽

10.1186/1742-4690-9-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hiroaki Takeuchi ◽

Hiroshi Ishii ◽

Tetsuya Kuwano ◽

Natsuko Inagaki ◽

Hirofumi Akari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Cell ◽

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Virus Replication ◽

Cyclosporine A ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Species Specific

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Supplemental Material: Ocean acidification during the early Toarcian extinction event: Evidence from boron isotopes in brachiopods

10.1130/geol.s.12730832 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tamás Müller ◽

et al.

Keyword(s):

Ocean Acidification ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Boron Isotopes ◽

Carbonate Chemistry ◽

Additional Information ◽

Model Sample ◽

Calibration Methods ◽

Extinction Event ◽

Age Model ◽

Species Specific

Detailed information on the applied geochemical and calibration methods, carbonate chemistry models, age model, sample preservation, and additional information about species-specific effect on δ11B fractionation in brachiopods.

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A Comparative Study on Delivery of Externally Attached DNA by Papillomavirus VLPs and Pseudoviruses

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9121501 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1501

Author(s):

Sarah Brendle ◽

Nancy Cladel ◽

Karla Balogh ◽

Samina Alam ◽

Neil Christensen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Critical Role ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Dna Delivery ◽

Dna Uptake ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Cottontail Rabbit ◽

Species Specific ◽

Dna Delivery Vehicle

Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 capsids have been chosen as a DNA delivery vehicle in many studies. Our preliminary studies suggest that HPV58 capsids could be better vehicles than HPV16 capsids to deliver encapsidated DNA in vitro and in vivo. In the current study, we compared HPV16, HPV58, and the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) capsids either as L1/L2 VLPs or pseudoviruses (PSVs) to deliver externally attached GFP-expressing DNA. Both rabbit and human cells were used to test whether there was a species-specific effect. DNA delivery efficiency was determined by quantifying either GFP-expressing cell populations or mean fluorescent intensities (MFI) by flow cytometry. Interestingly, CRPV and 58-VLPs and PSVs were significantly more efficient at delivering attached DNA when compared to 16-VLPs and PSVs. A capsid/DNA ratio of 2:1 showed the highest efficiency for delivering external DNA. The PSVs with papillomavirus DNA genomes also showed higher efficiency than those with irrelevant plasmid DNA. HPV16L1/58L2 hybrid VLPs displayed increased efficiency compared to HPV58L1/16L2 VLPs, suggesting that L2 may play a critical role in the delivery of attached DNA. Additionally, we demonstrated that VLPs increased in vivo infectivity of CRPV DNA in rabbits. We conclude that choosing CRPV or 58 capsids to deliver external DNA could improve DNA uptake in in vitro and in vivo models.

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Species-specific effect of macrobenthic assemblages on meiobenthos and nematode community structure in shallow sandy sediments

Marine Biology ◽

10.1007/s00227-013-2329-y ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 161 (1) ◽

pp. 195-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Barbara Urban-Malinga ◽

Aleksander Drgas ◽

Sławomira Gromisz ◽

Natalie Barnes

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Nematode Community ◽

Macrobenthic Assemblages ◽

Species Specific ◽

Sandy Sediments

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Effective Tetradentate Compound Complexes against Leishmania spp. that Act on Critical Enzymatic Pathways of These Parasites

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24010134 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 134 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristína Urbanová ◽

Inmaculada Ramírez-Macías ◽

Rubén Martín-Escolano ◽

María Rosales ◽

Olaf Cussó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Leishmania Species ◽

Good Alternative ◽

Host Cells ◽

Leishmania Spp ◽

Species Specific ◽

Enzymatic Pathways

The spectrum and efficacy of available antileishmanial drugs is limited. In the present work we evaluated in vitro the antiproliferative activity of 11 compounds based on tetradentate polyamines compounds against three Leishmania species (L. braziliensis, L. donovani and L. infantum) and the possible mechanism of action. We identified six compounds (3, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10) effective against all three Leishmania spp both on extracellular and intracellular forms. These six most active leishmanicidal compounds also prevent the infection of host cells. Nevertheless, only compound 7 is targeted against the Leishmania SOD. Meanwhile, on the glucose metabolism the tested compounds have a species-specific effect on Leishmania spp.: L. braziliensis was affected mainly by 10 and 8, L. donovani by 7, and L. infantum by 5 and 3. Finally, the cellular ultrastructure was mainly damaged by 11 in the three Leishmania spp. studied. These identified antileishmania candidates constitute a good alternative treatment and will be further studied.

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Using Synthesised Organic Compounds as Environmentally Friendly Retardants for Ornamental Plants

Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry - Southern Brazilian Journal of Chemistry, Volume 28, No. 28, 2020 ◽

10.37633/sbjc.28(28)2020.40-44 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (28) ◽

pp. 40-44

Author(s):

Tatiana Vostrikova ◽

Vladislav Kalaev ◽

Andrey Potapov ◽

Dmitry Vandyshev ◽

Khidmet Shikhaliev

Keyword(s):

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Plant Height ◽

Ornamental Plants ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Tagetes Patula ◽

Growth Retardants ◽

Inhibiting Effect ◽

Salvia Splendens ◽

Species Specific

The pre-sowing treatment of scarlet sage (Salvia splendens Ker Gawl.) seeds with 4-methyl-2-piperidin1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1% proved to have an obvious inhibiting effect. Prior to sowing, the seeds of Salvia splendens were soaked in a water suspension of 4-methyl-2- piperidin-1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid and 4-methyl-2-morpholin-4-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid with concentrations of 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.1% for 18 hours. On the 42nd day of the experiment, the seedlings, having been preliminarily hardened for 12 days, were removed from the greenhouse and planted on the field. The pre-sowing treatment of Salvia splendens seeds with 4-methyl-2-morpholin-4-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid proved to have the inhibiting effect at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05%. The height of the seedlings decreased by 13.3-43.7%. It was revealed that 4-methyl-2-piperidin-1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1% decreased the growth of the seedlings by 30.4-43.7%, and 4-methyl-2-morpholin-4- pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05% decreased the growth of the seedlings by 13.3-22.2%. By contrast, the effect of pyrimidinecarboxylic acids on seed germination and plant height of another annual flower – spreading marigold (Tagetes patula L.) was stimulating. It was investigated some different concentrations from 0.01 to 0.05 %. The same concentrations of identical compounds were tested, but effects from them were opposite for Tagetes patula, and Salvia splendens seedlings. Сonsequently, the species-specific effect of pyrimidinecarboxylic acids on seed germination and plant height for ornamental grasses takes place. Therefore,4-methyl-2-piperidin-1-yl-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid and 4-methyl-2-morpholin4-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid are recommended as growth retardants for Salvia splendens

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Supplemental Material: Ocean acidification during the early Toarcian extinction event: Evidence from boron isotopes in brachiopods

10.1130/geol.s.12730832.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tamás Müller ◽

et al.

Keyword(s):

Ocean Acidification ◽

Specific Effect ◽

Boron Isotopes ◽

Carbonate Chemistry ◽

Additional Information ◽

Model Sample ◽

Calibration Methods ◽

Extinction Event ◽

Age Model ◽

Species Specific

Detailed information on the applied geochemical and calibration methods, carbonate chemistry models, age model, sample preservation, and additional information about species-specific effect on δ11B fractionation in brachiopods.

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