Smoking cessation care provision in Australian alcohol and other drug treatment services: A cross-sectional survey of staff self-reported practices

Introduction: Smoking prevalence remains high among people with a mental illness, contributing to higher levels of morbidity and mortality. Health and community services are an opportune setting for the provision of smoking cessation care. Although family carers are acknowledged to play a critical role in supporting the care and assistance provided by such services to people with a mental illness, their expectations regarding the delivery of smoking cessation care have not been examined.Aims: To explore family carer expectations of smoking cessation care provision by four types of health services, to clients with a mental illness, and factors associated with expectations.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with carers of a person with a mental illness residing in New South Wales, Australia. Carers were surveyed regarding their expectations of smoking cessation care provision from four types of health services. Possible associations between carer expectation of smoking cessation care provision and socio-demographic and attitudinal variables were explored.Results: Of 144 carers, the majority of carers considered that smoking cessation care should be provided by: mental health hospitals (71.4%), community mental health services (78.0%), general practice (82.7%), and non-government organisations (56.6%). The factor most consistently related to expectation of care was a belief that smoking cessation could positively impact mental health.Conclusions: The majority of carers expected smoking cessation treatment to be provided by all services catering for people with a mental illness, reinforcing the appropriateness for such services to provide smoking cessation care for clients in an effective and systematic manner.

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Impact of a Smoking Cessation Quitline in Vietnam: Evidence Base and Future Directions

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16142538 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (14) ◽

pp. 2538

Author(s):

Chau Quy Ngo ◽

Phuong Thu Phan ◽

Giap Van Vu ◽

Quyen Thi Le Pham ◽

Hanh Thi Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Tobacco Consumption ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Health Concern ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quit Attempt ◽

Early Action ◽

The Impact

Smoking is considered the most critical modifiable factor with regard to lung cancer and remains a public health concern in many countries, including Vietnam, which is among those countries with the highest tobacco consumption rates in the world. This study has examined the impact of national telephone counselling for smoking cessation and has identified the factors associated with the impact of the quitline among male callers in Vietnam. A randomized cross-sectional survey of 469 smokers who sought smoking cessation services via the national quitline was performed from September 2015 to May 2016. The primary outcomes were measured by a self-reported quit rate at the time of assessment, 7 day point prevalence abstinence (PA), 6 month prolonged PA, service satisfaction, and level of motivation. Among the participants, 31.6% were abstinent, and 5.1% of participants successfully stopped smoking and did not need to seek quitline support. Most of the clients were satisfied with the quality of service (88.5%), felt more confident about quitting (74.3%), and took early action via their first quit attempt (81.7%); 18.3% reported a more than 7 day abstinence period at the time of survey. The primary reasons for smoking relapse were surrounding smoking environments (51.6%) and craving symptoms (44.1%). Future smoking cessation efforts should focus on improving the quality of quitline services, client satisfaction, and developing a tailored program and counseling targeting smokers with specific characteristics, especially ones experiencing chronic diseases.

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A cross sectional survey of internet use among a highly socially disadvantaged population of tobacco smokers

Addiction Science & Clinical Practice ◽

10.1186/s13722-019-0168-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sam McCrabb ◽

Laura Twyman ◽

Kerrin Palazzi ◽

Ashleigh Guillaumier ◽

Christine Paul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Internet Use ◽

Internet Access ◽

The Internet ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Disadvantaged Population ◽

Socially Disadvantaged ◽

Frequent Use ◽

Device Use

Abstract Background Tobacco smoking is highest among population groups which are the most socially disadvantaged. Internet-based smoking cessation programs have been found to be effective, though rates of internet access are not well known in these groups. This study describes the rates of internet use and types of technology used to access the internet by a population of socially disadvantaged smokers. The study also examined relationships between sociodemographic and smoking behaviours with amount of internet use and type of device used. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 369 clients (response rate 77%) from two non-government community service organisations in metropolitan New South Wales, Australia was conducted using touchscreen computers. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were used to examine results. Results Eligible participants ranged from 19 to 88 years old current tobacco users. Over half (58%) of the participants reported weekly or more frequent use of the internet with less than a third (28%) not having any access. The odds of using the internet at least weekly decreased with age and as heaviness of smoking increased (OR = 0.94, p < 0.001; OR = 0.81, p = 0.022, respectively). Odds of internet use were higher as income increased (OR = 2.74, p < 0.001 for individuals earning $201–$400 per week; OR = 2.83, p = 0.006 for individuals earning > $400 per week). Device use differed for age and income. Conclusions Internet-based interventions appear to reach the majority of socially disadvantaged populations. It is expected that this reach will continue to grow, making internet-based interventions a potential platform for providing care to low socioeconomic individuals who smoke, however inequalities may be exacerbated for those individual without internet access. Implications Internet use among socially disadvantaged tobacco users is moderate (58%). An internet-based smoking cessation intervention for socially disadvantaged tobacco users may be an effective intervention however, older, heavier tobacco users may not benefit as easily due to limited internet access and therefore acknowledging these limitations when developing an intervention can help to acknowledge limitation of intervention reach.

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Relationship of Anxiety and Depression with Respiratory Symptoms: Comparison between Depressed and Non-Depressed Smokers in Singapore

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16010163 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 163 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Cyrus SH Ho ◽

Elysia LY Tan ◽

Roger CM Ho ◽

Marcus YL Chiu

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Multiple Regression ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

The rising prevalence of smokers in the community, specifically psychiatric patients, necessitates smoking cessation as an important strategy for reducing the harmful effects of tobacco. This study aims to compare the profiles of depressed and non-depressed smokers and evaluate how psychiatric symptoms influence respiratory symptoms. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 276 non-depressed adult smokers in the community and 69 adult smokers who had been formally diagnosed with depression in the outpatient clinic of a University Hospital in Singapore. Participants were administered questionnaires on smoking attitudes and perceptions, psychiatric symptoms, and respiratory symptoms. Correlations and multiple regression analyses were conducted. The mean age of smokers in the study was 35.32 ± 13.05 years. Smokers in the community and psychiatric samples were largely similar on all of the sociodemographic factors, except that fewer depressed people were employed (χ2 = 8.35, p < 0.01). Smokers with depression also reported more attempts to quit smoking (χ2 = 7.14, p < 0.05), higher mean depressive, anxiety, and stress symptom (DASS) scores (t = −10.04, p < 0.01), and endorsed more respiratory symptoms than smokers in the community (t = −2.40, p < 0.05). The DASS scores, number of cigarettes smoked daily, years of smoking, general perception of smokers getting heart disease, and presence of lung disease were positively and significantly correlated with respiratory symptoms. On multiple regression, only anxiety symptoms (β = 0.26, p < 0.05) and the presence of lung disease (β = 0.22, p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with respiratory symptoms. Depressed smokers reported greater difficulty in quitting tobacco use, and they perceived more severe respiratory symptoms compared to non-depressed counterparts. Anxiety symptoms were positively associated with the severity of respiratory symptoms. Smoking cessation campaigns need to specifically target psychological symptoms in smokers and focus more psychoeducation on the risk of cardiovascular disease in the middle-aged population.

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P14.30 Treatment outcomes of newly-diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) by O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase promoter (MGMT) status: a multi-country study

Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1093/neuonc/noz126.265 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. iii73-iii73

Author(s):

A Z Fu ◽

J P Hall ◽

A Bailey ◽

J Kemp ◽

G J Thompson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

Drug Treatment ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Dna Methyltransferase ◽

Active Drug ◽

Data Availability ◽

Patient Treatment ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract INTRODUCTION This study evaluated the relationship of MGMT status with first-line (1L) treatment outcomes of patients with newly-diagnosed GBM in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK (EU5), and Canada. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medical oncologists and neuro-oncologists across EU5 and Canada completed a point in time, cross-sectional survey for the next 8 GBM patients seen between May and July 2016 within EU5 and Canada. All results apart from time to progression (TTP) were presented for patients receiving 1L active drug treatment. TTP was calculated from initiation of 1L treatment to initiation of second-line treatment. Results presented are statistically significant (p<0.05) unless otherwise specified. Bases vary depending on data availability. RESULTS A total of 241 physicians reported on 1747 patients with GBM. 875 were receiving 1L active drug treatment at time of survey. Mean age was 59.7 years (median=61) and 34.6% were women. Mean life expectancy was 14.9 months (median=12) at diagnosis and mean TTP was 8.5 months (median=7.3). Surgery was performed in 62% of patients (n=546) prior to 1L drug treatment; 38% of patients (n=329) had no surgery. Patients with surgery had a higher life expectancy at diagnosis vs patients with no surgery prior to 1L (mean=16.4 vs 12.2 months; median=15.0 vs 12.0). Patients who received corticosteroids (n=524) vs no corticosteroids during radiotherapy (n=64) had a shorter life expectancy at diagnosis (mean=15.0 vs 16.8 months, p=0.07; median=12.5 vs 13.9) and were more likely to have 8 or more inpatient days due to GBM (21% vs 8%, p=0.07) in the last 3 months prior to the survey. 62% of patients (n=541) had an MGMT-status recorded (tested: methylated or unmethylated), and 38% (n=334) were untested/ awaiting results (untested) at 1L. MGMT-tested patients had better life expectancy at diagnosis (mean=16.1 vs 12.9 months; median=15.0 vs 12.0) and longer TTP (mean=8.9 vs 7.8 months; median=7.8 vs 6.4) than untested patients. Among MGMT-tested patients, 58% were methylated and 42% were unmethylated. Methylated patients had similar life expectancy at diagnosis (mean=15.9 vs 16.3 months, p=0.85; median=15.0 vs 15.0) and TTP (mean=9.0 vs 8.8 months, p=0.42; median=8.0 vs 7.5) as unmethylated patients. CONCLUSIONS This analysis provides valuable insights into the 1L treatment outcomes of GBM patients in EU5 and Canada. Patients who did not undergo surgery had worse treatment outcomes. Steroid use appears to be associated with worse outcomes and higher healthcare resource utilization. Patient treatment outcomes varied depending on whether they are MGMT tested.

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Smoking, cessation and expenditure in low income Chinese: cross sectional survey

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-7-29 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Therese Hesketh ◽

Li Lu ◽

Ye Xue Jun ◽

Wang Hong Mei

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Low Income ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

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Monitoring Osteoarthritis: A Cross-sectional Survey in General Practice

Clinical Medicine Insights Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.4137/cmamd.s12606 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. CMAMD.S12606 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Lorna E. Clarson ◽

Barbara I. Nicholl ◽

Annette Bishop ◽

John J. Edwards ◽

Rebecca Daniel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Current Practice ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Postal Survey ◽

Self Management ◽

Care Provision ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Optimal Care ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Suboptimal Care ◽

Management Plans

Background Despite being a highly prevalent chronic condition managed predominantly in primary care and unlike other chronic conditions, osteoarthritis (OA) care is delivered on an ad hoc basis rather than through routine structured review. Evidence suggests current levels of OA care are suboptimal, but little is known about what general practitioners’ (GPs) consider important in OA care, and, thus, the scope to improve inconsistency or poor practice is, at present, limited. Objectives We investigated GPs’ views on and practice of monitoring OA. Methods This was a cross-sectional postal survey of 2500 practicing UK GPs randomly selected from the Binley's database. Respondents were asked if monitoring OA patients was important and how monitoring should be undertaken. Results Responses were received from 768 GPs of whom 70.8% were male and 89.5% were principals within their practices. Despite 55.4% (n = 405) indicating monitoring patients with OA was important and 78.3% (n = 596) considering GPs the appropriate professionals to monitor OA, only 15.2% (n = 114) did so routinely, and 45% (n= 337) did not monitor any OA patients at all. In total, 61.4% (n = 463) reported that patients should self-monitor. Respondents favored monitoring physical function, pain, and analgesia use over monitoring measures of BMI, self management plans, and exercise advice. Conclusions The majority of respondents felt that monitoring OA was important, but this was not reflected in their reported current practice. Much of what they favored for monitoring was in line with published guidance, suggesting provision of suboptimal care does not result from lack of knowledge and interventions to improve OA care must address barriers to GPs engaging in optimal care provision.

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A cross-sectional survey of factors associated with the uptake of smoking cessation aids among smokers and ex-smokers

Journal of Substance Use ◽

10.1080/14659891.2018.1459906 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 597-602

Author(s):

Anna-Lena Bartsch ◽

Lina Marie Carlsen ◽

Martin Härter ◽

Anna Levke Brütt ◽

Angela Buchholz

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

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Association between electronic cigarette use and smoking cessation in the European Union in 2017: analysis of a representative sample of 13 057 Europeans from 28 countries

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055190 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 71-76

Author(s):

Konstantinos E Farsalinos ◽

Anastasia Barbouni

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Electronic Cigarette ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

The European Union ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Former Smokers ◽

Prevalence Ratios ◽

The Eu

ObjectivesTo examine the association between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and smoking cessation in the European Union (EU) in 2017 according to e-cigarette use frequency and smoking cessation duration.DesignCross-sectional survey of EU citizens, representative of the population (Special Eurobarometer 458). Weighted proportions (95% CI) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were calculated.SettingEU.Participants13 057 EU citizens aged ≥15 years (6904 current and 6153 former smokers).ResultsCurrent daily e-cigarette use was reported by 2.4% (1.8%–3.1%) of current and 3.3% (2.5%–4.2%) of former smokers (p=0.002), while former daily use was reported by 5.6% (4.7%–6.8%) and 1.9% (1.3%–2.7%), respectively (p<0.001). More than half of all former smokers had quit for >10 years. Current daily e-cigarette use was rare among former smokers of >10 years (0.2%, 0.1%–0.6%) and was more prevalent in former smokers of ≤2 and 3–5 years (12.9%, 9.1%–17.9% and 9.0%, 5.8%–13.7%, respectively). Compared with never use, current daily e-cigarette use was associated with being a former smoker of ≤2 (aPR 4.96, 95% CI 3.57 to 6.90) and 3–5 years (aPR 3.20, 95% CI 2.10 to 4.87). Former daily e-cigarette use was associated with being a former smoker of ≤2 years (aPR 1.96, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.12). Current daily e-cigarette use was negatively associated with being a former smoker of 5–10 and >10 years.ConclusionsCurrent daily e-cigarette use in the EU in 2017 was rare among former smokers of >10 years and was positively associated with recent (≤5 years) smoking cessation. Former daily e-cigarette use was also positively associated with recent (≤2 years) smoking cessation.

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Compliance to secondary prevention strategies for coronary artery disease: a hospital-based cross-sectional survey from Ernakulam, South India

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037618 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e037618

Author(s):

Remya Sudevan ◽

Damodaran Vasudevan ◽

Manu Raj ◽

Rajesh Thachathodiyl ◽

Maniyal Vijayakumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Secondary Prevention ◽

Blood Pressure Control ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Resource Limited

ObjectivesThe primary objective of the study was to report the compliance to secondary prevention strategies for coronary artery disease (CAD), such as smoking cessation, weight management, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol control, blood pressure control, glycaemic control, physical activity and cardiovascular drug therapy from a resource-limited setting.DesignAnalytical cross-sectional survey with data collection using questionnaire administered by study personnel.SettingInstitutional—two tertiary care hospitals and two cardiology clinics.ParticipantsPatients in the age group of 30–80 years with documented CAD with a minimum of 1 year and a maximum of 6 years of follow-up after diagnosis.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome measures were the prevalence of individual compliance to secondary prevention strategies for CAD such as smoking cessation, weight management, LDL cholesterol control, blood pressure control, glycaemic control, physical activity and cardiovascular drug therapy. The secondary outcomes were the association of secondary prevention strategies with age, sex, domicile, socioeconomic status, insurance and type of treatment.ResultsWe recruited a total of 1206 patients among whom 879 (72.9%) were males. The median age of patients was 62 (14) years. The compliance to smoking cessation was 93.86% (95% CI 91.66% to 96.06%), ideal body mass index was 63.76% (95% CI 61.05% to 66.47%), blood pressure control was 65.11% (95% CI 62.42% to 67.80%), LDL compliance was 36.50% (95% CI 33.18% to 39.82%), diabetes control was 51.23% (95% CI 46.10% to 56.36%) and adequate physical activity was 39.22% (95% CI 36.46% to 41.98%)respectively. Reported compliance for cardiovascular drugs therapy was 96% for antiplatelets, 89.4% for statins, 68.2% for beta blockers, 37.7% for renin angiotensin aldosterone system blockers, 81.28% for oral hypoglycaemic agents and 22% for insulin therapy.ConclusionCompliance to secondary prevention strategies for CAD in resource limited settings are moderate. This needs further improvement for better outcomes related to CAD in future.

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