Genetic variation of 15 autosomal microsatellite loci in a Nayarit population (Mexico)

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Alvarez-Cubero ◽  
L.J. Martinez-Gonzalez ◽  
D. Virgen-Ponce ◽  
E.A. Delgado-Najar ◽  
G.H. Moscoso-Caloca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Autosomal Microsatellite Loci

Genetic variation of 15 autosomal microsatellite loci in a Tamil population from Tamil Nadu, Southern India

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 320-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuppareddi Balamurugan ◽  
S. Kanthimathi ◽  
M. Vijaya ◽  
G. Suhasini ◽  
George Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Autosomal Microsatellite Loci

Population Genetics ofCaenorhabditis elegans: The Paradox of Low Polymorphism in a Widespread Species

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Sivasundar ◽  
Jody Hey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Model Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Isolates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Low Levels

AbstractCaenorhabditis elegans has become one of the most widely used model research organisms, yet we have little information on evolutionary processes and recent evolutionary history of this widespread species. We examined patterns of variation at 20 microsatellite loci in a sample of 23 natural isolates of C. elegans from various parts of the world. One-half of the loci were monomorphic among all strains, and overall genetic variation at microsatellite loci was low, relative to most other species. Some population structure was detected, but there was no association between the genetic and geographic distances among different natural isolates. Thus, despite the nearly worldwide occurrence of C. elegans, little evidence was found for local adaptation in strains derived from different parts of the world. The low levels of genetic variation within and among populations suggest that recent colonization and population expansion might have occurred. However, the patterns of variation are not consistent with population expansion. A possible explanation for the observed patterns is the action of background selection to reduce polymorphism, coupled with ongoing gene flow among populations worldwide.

scholarly journals Генотипирование сортов винограда селекции Института «Магарач» на основе анализа аллельного полиморфизма SSR локусов

2019 ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Svetlana Gorislavets ◽  
Vitalii Volodin ◽  
Gennadii Spotar ◽  
Valentina Risovannaya ◽  
Yakov Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Information Value ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Simple Sequence

Обязательными условиями успешного сохранения и использования различных сортов сельскохозяйственных культур является идентификация и контроль генетической изменчивости сортов, для изучения которой используются различные методы, в том числе методы молекулярно-генетического анализа. В связи с быстрым развитием селекции, ежегодно появляются десятки новых сортов винограда, требующих паспортизации. Молекулярные маркеры могут способствовать подбору родительских пар для скрещивания, повышению точности и ускорению селекционного процесса, так как идентификация исходного материала с использованием молекулярных маркеров и анализ результатов скрещивания могут быть выполнены в достаточно короткий период. К наиболее информативным молекулярным маркерам относятся микросателлитные маркеры, основанные на анализе простых повторяющихся повторов (simple sequence repeats, SSR). Анализ полиморфизма SSR локусов позволяет изучить генетическую изменчивость сельскохозяйственных культур на уровне генома. Цель нашего исследования - генотипирование, оценка аллельного разнообразия и ДНК-паспортизация ряда сортов винограда селекции Института «Магарач» на основе SSR анализа. Основной метод, использованный в работе, - полимеразная цепная реакция (ПЦР) и фрагментный анализ продуктов ПЦР на генетическом анализаторе ABI 3130. В результате фрагментного анализа были генотипированы 8 селекционных сортов Института «Магарач» по 9 ядерным микросателлитным локусам (nSSR). Размеры аллелей оценены с помощью программы Gene Mapper v. 4.0. Полиморфизм микросателлитных локусов и генетическое разнообразие рассчитано с использованием программы Popgene (v. 1.32). Сравнительный анализ nSSR профилей ДНК изученных сортов позволил установить, что все сорта имеют уникальные профили. Всего идентифицировано 69 аллелей, среднее число аллелей - 7,67 аллелей/локус. На основании размеров аллелей составлены индивидуальные молекулярно-генетические паспорта в соответствии с международными стандартами.Identification and control of genetic variation of different varieties of agricultural crops enter as prerequisites for their efficient conservation and use. Genetic variation is investigated by means of a wide set of methods, including those relying on molecular-genetic analysis. Every year, dozens of new breedings of grapevine come into being, and their passportization is necessary. Molecular markets can promote selection of parent pairs for crossing, improve efficiency of breeding and accelerate the process as enable both identification of the initial material and analysis of crossing results to be done in a sufficiently short period of time. The highest information value is associated with microsatellite markers consisting of simple sequence repeats (SSR). Analysis of polymorphism of SSR loci allows to investigate genetic variation of agricultural crops at the level of genome. The goals of the study were to conduct genotyping of a number of grape breedings developed by the Institute Magarach, to assess their allelic diversity and to achieve DNA passportization based on SSR analysis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fragment analysis of PCR products with the use of a genetic analizer ABI 3130 were the main methods the study relied upon. As a result of the aforesaid analysis, eight new breedings of the Institute were genotyped for nine nuclear microsatellite loci (nSSR). The sizes of alleles were assessed using Gene Mapper v. 4.0 software. Popgene (v. 1.32) software was used to calculate polymorphism of microsatellite loci and genetic diversity. A comparative nSSR-analysis of DNA-profiles of the study varieties indicated that all of them had unique profiles. A total of 69 alleles were identified, with 7.67 alleles per locus on an average. Based on the sizes of the alleles, individual molecular-genetic passports of the varieties were made, in accordance with international standards.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Taxonomic Status of the Nihoa and Laysan Millerbirds

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 954-962
Author(s):  
Robert C. Fleischer ◽  
Beth Slikas ◽  
Jon Beadell ◽  
Colm Atkins ◽  
Carl E. McINTOSH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Stochastic Effects ◽  
Mtdna Sequence ◽  
Species Pairs ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract The Millerbird (Acrocephalus familiaris) is an endemic Northwestern Hawaiian Islands reed warbler that existed until about 1923 on Laysan Island (A. f. familiaris) and currently occurs in a small population on Nihoa Island (A. f. kingi). The two populations are described as separate subspecies or species on the basis of size and plumage differences. We assessed genetic variation in blood samples from 15 individuals in the modern Nihoa population using approximately 3000 base pairs (bp) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence and 14 microsatellite loci. We also obtained up to 1028 bp of mtDNA sequence from the fragmented DNA of museum specimens of three birds collected on Nihoa in 1923 and five birds collected on Laysan in 1902 and 1911 (ancient samples). Genetic variation in both marker types was extremely low in the modern Nihoa population (nucleotide diversity [π]  =  0.00005 for mtDNA sequences; observed heterozygosity was 7.2% for the microsatellite loci). In contrast, we found three mtDNA haplotypes among the five Laysan individuals (π  =  0.0023), indicating substantially greater genetic variation. The Nihoa and Laysan taxa differed by 1.7% uncorrected mtDNA sequence divergence, a magnitude that would support designation at the subspecies, and perhaps species, level relative to other closely related Acrocephalus species pairs. However, in light of strong ecological similarity between the two taxa, and a need to have additional populations to prevent extinction from stochastic effects and catastrophes, we believe these genetic differences should not deter a potential translocation of individuals from Nihoa to Laysan.

Genetic variation of microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers in broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) in the Colville and Sagavanirktok rivers in northern Alaska

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1548-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Patton ◽  
B J Gallaway ◽  
R G Fechhelm ◽  
M A Cronin
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Colville River ◽  
Limited Gene Flow ◽  
Northern Alaska

There has been concern that a causeway leading to oil production facilities in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea could affect the extent of emigration from, and immigration into, a population of broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) in the Sagavanirktok River. To assess this, we analyzed the genetic relationships of the broad whitefish populations in the Sagavanirktok River, and the nearest adjacent population, in the Colville River. Three microsatellite loci from the nuclear genome, and the NADH-1 gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), were analyzed. Diploid genotypes were determined with PCR amplification of the microsatellite loci, and mtDNA genotypes were identified with PCR amplification followed by sequencing of 798 nucleotides. Several alleles were identified at each locus and both populations had high levels of genetic variation. There is significant differentiation of the Sagavanirktok River and Colville River broad whitefish stocks for the three microsatellite loci (FST = 0.031) but not mtDNA (FST < 0.001). Possible explanations for the lower level of differentiation of mtDNA than microsatellites include female-mediated gene flow between populations, skewed sex ratios, natural selection, or mutation. The results indicate that there is limited gene flow between the Colville and Sagavanirktok rivers, which represent semi-isolated spawning populations.

scholarly journals Analysis of Genetic Variability in Farmed and Wild Populations of Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes Procyonoides) Using Microsatellite Sequences

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kornel Kasperek ◽  
Beata Horecka ◽  
Andrzej Jakubczak ◽  
Brygida Ślaska ◽  
Magdalena Gryzińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Nyctereutes Procyonoides ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Raccoon Dog ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Raccoon Dogs

Abstract The aim of this study was to detect possible differences between farmed and wild-living raccoon dogs. Analysis of polymorphism in 15 microsatellite sequences led to the conclusion that raccoon dogs raised on Polish farms and wild raccoon dogs living in Poland are two genetically distinct groups of animals. Wild Polish raccoon dogs are genetically more similar to the population of wild animals from the Kaliningrad Region than to farmed animals. The analysis of microsatellite loci showed clear genetic differences between farmed and wild-living populations of raccoon dog, despite only 50 years of isolation of the two groups of animals. The farmed population was characterized by higher genetic variation than the wild-living population. On the basis of the analyses three microsatellite loci (INU014, Ren13J22 and Ren41D20) were proposed for determination of the origin of animals that have escaped from farms.

Loss of genetic variation at microsatellite loci in hatchery produced abalone in Australia (Haliotis rubra) and South Africa (Haliotis midae)

Aquaculture ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 233 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 109-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Evans ◽  
J. Bartlett ◽  
N. Sweijd ◽  
P. Cook ◽  
N.G. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Haliotis Midae ◽  
Haliotis Rubra

scholarly journals Rejection of a serial founder effects model of genetic and linguistic coevolution

2012 ◽  
Vol 279 (1736) ◽  
pp. 2281-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hunley ◽  
Claire Bowern ◽  
Meghan Healy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Founder Effects ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Neutral Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Pattern ◽  
Autosomal Microsatellite Loci

Recent genetic studies attribute the negative correlation between population genetic diversity and distance from Africa to a serial founder effects (SFE) evolutionary process. A recent linguistic study concluded that a similar decay in phoneme inventories in human languages was also the product of the SFE process. However, the SFE process makes additional predictions for patterns of neutral genetic diversity, both within and between groups, that have not yet been tested on phonemic data. In this study, we describe these predictions and test them on linguistic and genetic samples. The linguistic sample consists of 725 widespread languages, which together contain 908 distinct phonemes. The genetic sample consists of 614 autosomal microsatellite loci in 100 widespread populations. All aspects of the genetic pattern are consistent with the predictions of SFE. In contrast, most of the predictions of SFE are violated for the phonemic data. We show that phoneme inventories provide information about recent contacts between languages. However, because phonemes change rapidly, they cannot provide information about more ancient evolutionary processes.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Microsatellite Loci for the Ornamental Plant Primula obconica Hance (Primulaceae)

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-fei Yan ◽  
Xue-jun Ge ◽  
Chi-ming Hu ◽  
Gang Hao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Microsatellite Variation ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Fiasco Protocol

Nine microsatellite loci were isolated from Primula obconica using the FIASCO protocol. We used 30 individuals from three populations for the assessment of microsatellite variation. Seven loci were detected with microsatellite polymorphism. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to seven. The average observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.167 to 0.6 and from 0.409 to 0.653, respectively. These microsatellite markers will be useful to assess the genetic variation and genetic structure of P. obconica.

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