scholarly journals High prevalence and burden of adult malnutrition at a tertiary hospital: an opportunity to use nutrition-focused care to improve outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nien Vinh Lam ◽  
Suela Sulo ◽  
Hong Anh Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Nhung Nguyen ◽  
Cory Brunton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals High prevalence of qnrA and qnrB genes among fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chibuzor M. Nsofor ◽  
Mirabeau Y. Tattfeng ◽  
Chijioke A. Nsofor
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of qnr genes among fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (FREC) isolates from Nigeria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion technique. Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify Escherichia coli (E. coli) and for the detection of qnr genes. Results A total of 206 non-duplicate E. coli were isolated from 300 clinical specimens analyzed. In all, 30 (14.6%) of these isolates were FREC; the resistance to fluoroquinolones among these 30 FREC showed 80% (24), 86.7% (26), 86.7% (26), 100% (30), 86.7% (26), 93.3% (28) and 86.7% (26) were resistant to pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and moxifloxacin, respectively. The distribution of FREC among the various sample sources analyzed showed that 14%, 10%, 13.3%, 16.7% and 20% of the isolates came from urine, stool, high vaginal swab, endo cervical swab and wound swab specimens, respectively. More FREC were isolated from female samples 73.3% (22) compared to male samples 26.7% (8) and were more prevalent among the age group 26–35 years (40%). Twenty eight out of the 30 (93.3%) FREC isolates possessed at least one fluoroquinolone resistance gene in the form of qnrA 10 (33.3%) and qnrB 18 (60%), respectively; qnrS was not detected among the FREC isolates analyzed and 13.5% of the isolates possessed both the qnrA and qnrB genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these isolates were genetically diverse. Conclusions These findings suggest a possible resistance to fluoroquinolone is of high interest for better management of patients and control of antimicrobial resistance in Nigeria.

Characterization of Electroencephalographic Findings at an Electrodiagnostic Unit of a Tertiary Hospital, North-central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
E U Iwuozo ◽  
J O Enyikwola ◽  
I O Obekpa ◽  
O O Ijachi ◽  
A A Godwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Seizure Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Central ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Age Range

Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an important investigative tool in supporting the diagnosis and classification of various seizure types. We sought to examine and characterize the EEG findings from all patients referred for the procedure. This cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out at an EEG unit in Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, North Central Nigeria from May 2016 to December 2020. Relevant patients' information were extracted and analysed using SPSS version 21. A total of 484 patients were seen over the study period with age range of 1-87 years and median age of 23 years. They comprised of 254 (52.5%) male and 230 (47.5%) female. The psychiatrist and the Physicians/Neurologist referred most of them for EEG, 201 (41.5%) and 124 (25.6%) respectively. The most reported indication for EEG was clinical suspicion of seizure disorder 291 (60.1%), whilst some did not have a clear indication 111 (22.9%). About 417 (86.2%) of our patients had abnormal EEG finding out of which 414 (99.3%) were diagnostic of seizure disorder made up of generalized seizure in 255 (61.6%) and focal seizure in 159 (38.4%). About 237 (48.9%) of them were already on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at referral of which 190 (80.2%0 were taking carbamazepine. This study showed a high prevalence of abnormal EEG with most of them diagnostic of seizure disorder especially generalized seizure. They were mostly of younger age group with about half of them already on AEDs at referral, majority of who were sent by the Psychiatrist.

scholarly journals Eating behavior of schizophrenic patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina AGUIAR-BLOEMER ◽  
Rosina Gabriela AGLIUSSI ◽  
Thiago Maehara Pereira PINHO ◽  
Erikson Felipe FURTADO ◽  
Rosa Wanda DIEZ-GARCIA
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Practices ◽  
Work Routines ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the eating behavior, food practices, nutritional and metabolic profiles of patients with schizophrenia undergoing treatment. Methods Cross-sectional exploratory descriptive qualitative study used a semi-structured questionnaire on the eating behavior, food practices, and perception of changes after the initiation of drug therapy and a quantitative method using anthropometric and body composition measurements, metabolic parameters, and 5-day dietary records to analyze nutrient ingestion of patients with schizophrenia in an outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital (n=33). The qualitative data were analyzed and coded by three researchers and quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive exploratory statistics. Results The results of this study showed that schizophrenic patients presented high prevalence of excess weight (71.0%), metabolic syndrome (42.0%), dyslipidemia (62.0%), changes in appetite (76.0%), and increase in energy intake (74.2%), associated with important irregularities in eating behavior and food practices (such as irregularity of meals, emotional intake, high carbohydrate and fat intake, and low energy expenditure) and lifestyle (changes in social and work routines). Conclusion This eating profile may interact synergistically with psychotropic drugs to contribute to weight gain and metabolic changes in schizophrenia. Nutrition education may prevent and monitor the risk of metabolic and nutrition problems, irrespective of the medications used.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Strains among Blood Isolates of Enterobacter spp. Collected in a Tertiary Hospital during an 8-Year Period and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 3159-3161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjoo Pai ◽  
Jung Yun Hong ◽  
Jeong-Hum Byeon ◽  
Yun-Kyung Kim ◽  
Hoan-Jong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

ABSTRACT Of 72 blood isolates of Enterobacter spp. collected over an 8-year period, 50% (36 of 72) were derepressed or partially derepressed AmpC mutants. The extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production rate was 43% (31 of 72 isolates), and 67.3% (31 of 46) of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant strains produced ESBLs. Thus, a confirmatory test for ESBL production is necessary for extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacter spp.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status of Under-Five Children in Western Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandana Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Who Classification ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: Undernutrition is a major health problem in developing countries which may have adverse effects on growth and development of an individual. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and grades of malnutrition in children below 60 months of age, attending outpatient department at Gandaki Medical College teaching hospital.Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 556 children below 60 months of age from August to December 2013. Weight and length/height were measured using standard technique and were plotted on WHO centiles curves and severity determined based on WHO classification. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting were determined by anthropometry.Results: Based on WHO classification, out of 556 children, 20.2% were underweight, 34% were stunted and 15.1% were wasted respectively. Of them, severe underweight were 4.7%, severe stunted were 14.1% and severe wasted were 7.2% respectively.Conclusion: A high prevalence of undernutrition exists in under- five children attending a tertiary hospital in a western region of Nepal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10566J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):119-124      

scholarly journals High prevalence of tuberculosis among adults with fever admitted at a tertiary hospital in north-western Tanzania

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. Mshana ◽  
Alfred Meremo ◽  
Benson R. Kidenya ◽  
Rodrick Kabangila ◽  
Johannes Kataraihya
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
North Western ◽  
Western Tanzania

Evaluation of the performance of C. DIFF QUIK CHEK COMPLETE and its usefulness in a hospital setting with a high prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Sun Chung ◽  
Miae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Toxin A ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
High Prevalence

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is crucial for patient care, infection control, and efficient surveillance. We evaluated C. DIFF QUIK CHEK COMPLETE (QCC; TechLab), which detects glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) antigen (QCC-Ag) and toxin A/B (QCC-Tox) simultaneously, and compared it to the laboratory diagnostics for CDI currently in use in a tertiary hospital setting with a high prevalence of CDI. QCC, RIDASCREEN C. difficile toxin A/B assay (Toxin EIA; R-Biopharm AG), chromID C. difficile agar (bioMérieux) culture (ChromID culture), and Xpert C. difficile PCR assay (Xpert PCR; Cepheid) were performed according to the manufacturers' instructions. Performances of the assays were compared against that of Xpert PCR as a reference. Of the 231 loose stool specimens, 83 (35.9%) were positive by Xpert PCR. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 97.6%, 93.9%, 90.0%, and 98.6%, respectively, for QCC-Ag and 55.4%, 100%, 100%, and 80.0%, respectively, for QCC-Tox. The median threshold cycle values of the QCC-Tox(+) specimens were lower than those of the QCC-Tox(−) specimens. Results of QCC as an initial screening test were confirmed in 81.0% (187/231) of samples; these specimens did not require further testing. QCC is a rapid, easy, and cost-effective method that would be a useful first-line screening assay for laboratory diagnosis of CDI in a tertiary hospital with a high prevalence of CDI. A two-step algorithm using QCC as an initial screening tool, followed by Xpert PCR as a confirmatory test, is a practical and cost-effective approach.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Caesarian Sections at a Referral Hospital in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Bhuiya
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Keywords Pregnancy ◽  
Period Data

The rate of Caesarean delivery in Bangladesh is not known but thought to have increased markedly in recent years. This observational study addressed the prevalence of various types of deliveries conducted on 2714 subjects attending the postnatal ward of a referral hospital in Dhaka from August 1994 to March 1995. During this period data were collected retrospectively from their registries and clinical history sheets. Of these participants 1509 (55.6%) had a history of normal delivery and 1150 (42.4%) underwent Caesarean sections. Very few (1.7%) had other means of delivery and only 0.7% were reported to have forceps delivery. The Caesarian delivery for the first baby was 14.1%, which gradually decreased in subsequent deliveries. Most of the deliveries, be it normal or Caesarean, were conducted by the trainee doctors (43.6%) and Medical Officers (25.7%). Professors and Assistant Professors performed less than 1%. The normal or Caesarean deliveries were assisted mostly by trainee doctors (54.4%), interns (19.0%) and nurses (15.8%); and very few were conducted by Medical Officers (8.3%) and Assistant Registrars (2.1%). The study observes that the rate of Caesarean delivery is much higher than that observed in western countries. Most of the deliveries in this hospital, whether normal or Caesarean, were found to be conducted by the trainee or junior doctors. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2009; 3(1): 21-23 Keywords: Pregnancy, normal delivery, Caesarean delivery, delivery practices, tertiary hospital.   doi: 10.3329/imcj.v3i1.2915

scholarly journals Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction and its Relationship with Severity of Depression among Patients of Depression attending Tertiary Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arati Thapa ◽  
Mukesh Karki ◽  
Aradhana Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
Depressive Patients

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is common feature among patients presenting with depression. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with depression attending Psychiatry outpatient department of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal and to investigate its relationship with the severity of depression. Methods: A total of 259 who attended the Psychiatry OPD of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital were enrolled over a period of 6 months after taking informed written consent. These patients were diagnosed as depression as per the ICD-10/ DCR criteria. The severity of illness was determined by using HAM-D. Thyroid profiling was done against common thyroid hormones TSH, FT3 and FT4 by standard method. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Among 259 patients, thirty patients (18.40%) were found to have thyroid dysfunction, sub-clinical hypothyroidism was seen in 23 (14.1%) followed by 3.1% with overt hypothyroidism and 1.2% with overt  hyperthyroidism. However, there was no significant association found between severity of depression and thyroid dysfunction. Conclusions: This study concluded that there was high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with major depression. Thus screening of thyroid test among depressive patients may be helpful in proper management of cases.

scholarly journals Giant Euthyroid Goitre: Clinical Profile as Seen in Otorhinolaryngology Department of a Tertiary Health Institution, in Northwestern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel Aliyu ◽  
Kufre Robert Iseh ◽  
Yikawe Stephen Semen ◽  
Stanley Baba Amutta ◽  
Joseph Hassan Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Age Range

Background: Goiter refers to a diffuse enlargement of thyroid gland. It has a high prevalence in adult population in endemic areas where iodized salt is not part of the regular diet. Aim: We report the clinical profile of giant goiters seen in a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: A prospective study of all surgically operated cases of goiter carried out in a tertiary health hospital in Northwestern Nigeria, over a period of 6 years between January 2011 and December 2016. Bio data, duration of goiter, symptoms, geographical location, thyroid function tests, radiological reports and treatment were recorded and analyzed. Results: Ninety-Seven patients were operated for goitre during the study period. Out of these 19 (19.6%) were giant goitres weighing between 900g-3200g. There were 13 (68.4%) females and 6 (31.6%) males with M: F ratio of 1:2.2. Age range was between 39 – 71 years with a mean age of 53.2 years. Prevalence was high in the 41-60 year age group. Duration of goiter in 13 (68.4%) of patients was between 11-20years. Retrosternal extension was observed in 7 (36.8%) patients. Tracheal deviation was the most common risk factor for respiratory complication in all the patients followed by tracheomalacia in 8(42.1%). Postoperative temporary Tracheostomy was carried out in 4(21.1%) of patients. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred in 2(10.5%). No mortality was recorded. Conclusion: Respiratory complications are commonly associated with giant goiters, a pathology that is entirely preventive if diagnosed and managed at an early stage.

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