scholarly journals Herbal Emulgels Incorporated with Cola millenii K. Schum Stem Bark Ethanol Extract Potentially for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis In-vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 100033
Author(s):  
Adeola T. Kola-Mustapha ◽  
Fahd A. Khalid-Salako
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark

scholarly journals In vivo Neurological, Analgesic and In vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Leaf and Stem Bark of Wedelia chinensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Sayema Khanum ◽  
Md Shahid Sarwar ◽  
Mohammad Safiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities

Wedelia chinensis is a widely used anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective medicinal plant in Bangladesh. In this study, analgesic, neurological, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the ethanolic extract of leaf and stem bark of W. chinensis were investigated. Oral administration of the ethanolic extract of W. chinensis (200- and 300-mg/kg body weight) was investigated on animal model for neurological activity using open field test and hole cross test. Acetic acid induced writhing method was used to assess the analgesic activity. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging assay was used for determining the antioxidant activity, while brine shrimp lethality bioassay was used for investigating cytotoxicity. The ethanol extract of the plant produced significant reduction (P<0.05) of locomotion in both doses (200- and 300-mg/kg body weight) indicating pronounced neurological activity. Oral administration of alcoholic leaves and stem extracts significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited writhing response in mice. The percentage of scavenging of DPPH free radical was found to be concentration dependent with IC50 value of 44.10 ± 0.65 and 38.96 ± 0.50 μg/ml for leaves and stem extracts, respectively. Our findings indicate that W. chinensis may be a source of natural antioxidant with potent analgesic, neurological and cytotoxic activities. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 18-26, 2019

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Prophylactic Effects ofDelonix elataL., Stem Bark Extracts, and Flavonoid Isolated Quercetin against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeepa Krishnappa ◽  
Krishna Venkatarangaiah ◽  
Venkatesh ◽  
Santosh Kumar Shivamogga Rajanna ◽  
Rajesh Kashi Prakash Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Inhibition

Delonix elataL. (Ceasalpinaceae), is widely used by the traditional medical practitioners of Karnataka, India, to cure jaundice, and bronchial and rheumatic problems. The objective of this study was to screen thein vitroantioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of the stem bark extracts against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. Among different stem bark extracts tested, the ethanol extract (DSE) has shown significantin vitroantioxidant property in radicals scavenging, metal chelating, and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. HPLC analysis of the DSE revealed the presence of known antioxidant molecules, namely, gallic acid, ellagic acid, coumaric acid, quercetin, and rutin. Bioassay-guided fractionation of DSE has resulted in the isolation and characterization of quercetin. DSE and quercetin have shown significant prophylactic effects by restoring the liver function markers (AST, ALT, ALP, serum bilirubin, and total protein) and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST). These results were proved to be hepatoprotective at par with silymarin and well supported by the histological observations of liver sections with distinct hepatic cells, and mild degree of fatty change and necrosis. The results indicated that the DSE and quercetin were significant for prophylactic activity against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. This activity could be attributed to the antioxidant constituents in the DSE and hence justified the ethnomedicinal claims.

scholarly journals AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF STEM BARK OF THE WONDER TREE, PROSOPIS CINERARIA (L.) DRUCE AGAINST LPS-INDUCED TOXICITY: AN IN VITRO STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
VEENA SHARMA ◽  
PREETI SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Prosopis Cineraria ◽  
Ethanol Plant

Objective: The present experimental investigation was planned to unravel and analyze the therapeutic potential of hydro-ethanol extract prepared from the stem bark of Prosopis cineraria against LPS-induced toxicity under in vitro conditions. Methods: Liver tissue samples from healthy Swiss albino male mice (Mus musculus) were used for the study. Liver homogenate (0.9 ml) was treated with 0.05 mg/ml of LPS along with 0.01 to 0.05 mg/ml of hydro-ethanol plant extract and allowed to incubate at 37˚C. The reactions were terminated at different time points at 0 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h and 24 h and alterations in oxidative stress (LPO, CAT, SOD, GSH, GST, and GPx) and biochemical parameters of hepatic toxicity (AST and ALT, ACP and ALP) were studied. Results: The results demonstrated that the obliterations in the levels of oxidative and biochemical parameters due to LPS induced toxicity were restored by the treatment with hydro-ethanol extract of Prosopis cineraria under in vitro conditions. The altered levels were biochemical parameters were observed at 0.05 mg/ml LPS concentration after 2 h; but administration of hydro-ethanol plant extract at concentration 0.04 mg/ml effectively reduced its level when compared to LPS treated samples under in vitro conditions Conclusion: The present research work unravelled the alleviating potential of a hydro-ethanol extract of Prosopis cineraria against LPS-induced toxicity by combating oxidative stress under in vitro environment.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect ofChrysanthemum zawadskiiHerbich var.latilobumKitamura Extract on RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ryun Gu ◽  
Jin-Ki Hwang ◽  
Munkhsoyol Erkhembaatar ◽  
Kang-Beom Kwon ◽  
Min Seuk Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Erk Activation

Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbichvar.latilobum Kitamura, known as “Gujulcho” in Korea, has been used in traditional medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. However, these effects have not been tested on osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells that regulate bone metabolism. Here, we investigated the effects ofC. zawadskiiHerbich var.latilobumKitamura ethanol extract (CZE) on osteoclast differentiation induced by treatment with the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). CZE inhibited osteoclast differentiation and formation in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of CZE on osteoclastogenesis was due to the suppression of ERK activation and the ablation of RANKL-stimulated Ca2+-oscillation via the inactivation of PLCγ2, followed by the inhibition of CREB activation. These inhibitory effects of CZE resulted in a significant repression of c-Fos expression and a subsequent reduction of NFATc1, a key transcription factor for osteoclast differentiation, fusion, and activationin vitroandin vivo. These results indicate that CZE negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and may be a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of various bone diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Ethanol Stem Bark Extract of Albizia ferruginea (Guill. & Perr.) Benth

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Miriam Tagoe ◽  
Yaw Duah Boakye ◽  
Theresah Appiah Agana ◽  
Vivian Etsiapa Boamah ◽  
Christian Agyare
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Motility Assay ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Test Concentration ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Albizia ferruginea (Guill. & Perr.) Benth bark is used in the traditional medicine as a vermifuge. This study sought to determine the anthelmintic activity of the stem bark extract of Albizia ferruginea. The powdered A. ferruginea stem bark was extracted with ethanol. Phytochemical screening was carried out on A. ferruginea ethanol extract (AFE) and then screened for its anthelmintic property against Pheretima posthuma and Haemonchus contortus using the adult motility assay. The effect of AFE and its fractions on the anthelminthic activity of mebendazole and albendazole were also determined using the adult worm (P. posthuma) motility assay. AFE showed a dose-dependent anthelmintic activity against P. posthuma and H. contortus. The least concentration of AFE (0.5 mg/mL) paralyzed and killed P. posthuma within 272.50 ± 12.42  min and 354.50 ± 5.06  min of exposure, respectively. AFE at the least test concentration (0.14 mg/mL) caused paralysis and induced death of H. contortus, after at 63.50 ± 2.98 and 254.96 ± 2.44  min of exposure, respectively. AFE extract at 0.25 and 0.125 mg/mL increased the paralytic and helminthicidal activities of albendazole. The paralytic and helminthicidal activities of mebendazole were reduced when combined with AFE (0.25 and 0.125 mg/mL). Among the three fractions obtained from AFE, the methanol fraction showed the highest anthelmintic activity. The methanol fraction at 0.5 mg/mL caused paralysis after 69.90 ± 0.15  min and death of worm after 92.53 ± 0.74  min of exposure. The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions showed relatively low anthelmintic activity. Phytochemical screening of AFE revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, and coumarins. The results from this study show that A. ferruginea possesses anthelmintic activity which gives credence to its folkloric use.

scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG BUNI (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH TIKUS WISTAR HIPERGLIKEMIA

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
N. W. I. Paramitha ◽  
I. M. Sukadana ◽  
S. R. Santi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose ◽  
Alloxan Monohydrate

Buni (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) is one of the traditional medicinal plants whose stem bark has been proven in vitro as an antidiabetic by inhibiting the activity of the ? glucosidase enzyme. This study aims to determine the potential of ethanol extract of buni bark to reduce blood glucose levels in wistar rats in vivo induced by alloxan. Two groups of control rats K (+) and K (-), and three groups of treated rats (P1, P2, and P3) which were given the extract with a dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/ kg BW respectively, were induced with 150 mg / kg BW alloxan monohydrate to make the rats hyperglycemic. On the 14th day of the trial (posttest) the average blood glucose level was tested using ANOVA with a = 0.05 and Tamhane's. It was concluded that the 200 mg / kg BW ethanol extract of buni bark was able to reduce blood glucose levels to closer to the normal condition when compared to negative control K(-). Keywords: antidiabetic,  Antidesma bunius L. Spreng., GC-MS, stem barks

scholarly journals IN VITRO α-AMYLASE AND Α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR ACTIVITIES OF ALBIZIA PROCERA STEM BARK

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Anand D ◽  
Sathish M ◽  
Dhivya Ls
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Albizia Procera

Objective: This current study was carried out to determine the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of extract and fractions of Albizia procera. Methods: The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assay was carried out at concentrations 50–2000 μg/ml and acarbose used as standard. The absorbance was measured at 540 nm and recorded by spectrophotometer. Percentage inhibition was calculated for both the assays. Preliminary phytochemical screening was also evaluated using standard procedures.Results: There was a dose-dependent percentage inhibition of extracts (petroleum ether and ethanol) and fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). The ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction show good inhibitory activity against both α-amylase and α-glucosidase with the percentage inhibition of 86.20% and 88.20% and 83.13% and 87.10%, respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening shows that ethanol extract consists of active constituents such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds and tannins.Conclusion: This finding suggests that the ethanol extract and n-butanol fraction show good inhibitory activity against both α-amylase and α-glucosidase and show good antidiabetic activity.

scholarly journals In vitro antiplasmodial evaluation of ethanolic and n-hexane extracts of Parinari curatellifolia stem bark

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Babasoji P. Omoniwa ◽  
Kunle Okaiyeto ◽  
David O. Omoniwa ◽  
Olumuyiwa A. Olorunyomi
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Roswell Park Memorial Institute ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Parinari Curatellifolia ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Parinari curatellifolia and other Parinari species are used traditionally in many parts of Africa as a remedy for malaria among other diseases. To ascertain this folkloric claim, the antiplasmodial potential of ethanol extract of Parinari curatellifolia stem bark (EEPCSB) and n-hexane extract of Parinari curatellifolia stem bark (HEPCSB) on Plasmodium falciparum was studied. Parasites were grown in a 96-well plate containing Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640. The wells were grouped into: control (untreated), artemether-treated, EEPCSB-treated and HEPCSBtreated groups. Treatments were administered to the tune of 10, 20, 40 and 80 μg/ml. Parasitemia was observed by microscopy after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation. EEPCSB and HEPCSB elicited dose and duration-dependent reduction (p<0.05) in parasitemia when compared with the untreated group. The recorded percentage parasite inhibition by the extracts was lower (p<0.05) when compared with artemether. There was no difference (p>0.05) in plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase activity of EEPCSB-treated and artemether-treated groups. Findings from this study show that extracts of P. curatellifolia stem bark, especially EEPCSB, demonstrated excellent inhibitory activities against P. falciparum and can be a good source of compounds for the development of novel antimalarial drugs. Keywords: Parinari curatellifolia; Extracts; Plasmodium falciparum; Parasitemia; Antiplasmodial

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-bacterial Activities of Aqueous, Ethanol and Chloroform Crude Extracts of Olinia rochetiana and Vernonia myriantha

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Gashaw Nigussie ◽  
Ayana Erdedo ◽  
Sintayehu Ashenafi
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Inhibition Zones

In the past with the advent of antibiotics, bacterial diseases have been under control. However rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant this success is reversing and searching for newer antibacterial agents is currently a top priority. This study was, thus, aimed at assessing the anti-microbial activities of two traditional medicinal plants: Vernonia myriantha and Olinia rochetiana. The crude extracts were tested for their in vitro antibacterial activities and phytochemical content. The extracts were tested against selected 3 clinical and 4 standard test bacterial strains by using agar well-diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The ethanol leaves and stem-bark extracts of O. rochetiana inhibited the growth of all bacterial strains at a concentration of 250mg/mL. The inhibition zones ranged from 20.33±0.57mm for clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa to 25.66±0.57mm for standard Salmonella typhi strains. The values for these same extracts were 20.66±2.51mm and 24.33±1.15mm for standard P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains respectively. The chloroform extract was similarly effective against all of the strains with inhibition zones between 19.00±1.73mm against P. aeruginosa and 22.66±2.51mm for S. aureus. Comparatively, the ethanol extract of O. rochetiana had the highest MIC (7.81mg/mL) and MBC (62.50mg/mL) were noted against P. aeruginosa. On the other hand, chloroform extract of O. rochetiana leaf showed the highest MIC (15mg/mL) and MBC (125mg/mL) were recorded against P. aeruginosa. The ethanol extract of V. myriantha showed growth inhibition only on S. aureus (21.00±1.7mm). Both plants tested for terpenoids and glycosides showed positive result, but none for resin.

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