Swords into plowshares: The organizational transformation of rebel groups into political parties

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ishiyama ◽  
Anna Batta
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Organizational Transformation ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Party Transformation ◽  
Rebel Group

How do the features of a rebel group and the external political environment interact to affect the internal dynamics within a rebel group after it transforms into a political party? In this paper we combine literature on organizational change in parties in new democracies with the emerging literature on rebel group-to-party transformation, to develop a framework by which to understand these dynamics. Using the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) as a case study, we find that the legacies of the conflict, the organizational legacies of the rebel group, and the post civil war incentives for electoral gain, create political cleavages within parties that generate considerable organizational centripetal pressures, pressures that will need to be accommodated in new party organizational structures.

scholarly journals Power, Patronage, and the Candidate-nomination Process: Observations from Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 314-336
Author(s):  
ADEEBA AZIZ KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Party Leadership ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Mayoral Election ◽  
Power And Influence

AbstractIn this article, by studying the candidate-nomination process of the two major political parties, I show how power is distributed within the political party in Bangladesh. I show that the general acceptance by scholars that political power lies in the hands of the innermost circle of the political-party leadership in Bangladesh is too simplistic. A more nuanced observation of power and influence within the party structure shows that, in the context of Bangladesh's clientelistic political system, which is based on reciprocity between patrons and clients and relies on the ability of middlemen to organize and mobilize (in order to disrupt through hartals and strikes), power is often in the hands of those mid-level leaders who are in charge of mobilizing because their demands cannot be ignored by the topmost leadership. Through studying the candidate-nomination process of the major political parties and using the Narayanganj mayoral election of 2011 as a case study, I answer questions such as whose interests political parties are representing, what channels of influence are being used, and why these channels exist.

scholarly journals Strategi Defensif dan Ofensif Parpol Berbasis Massa Islam dalam Mencapai Parliamentary Threshold pada Pemilu 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Adi Budiman Subiakto ◽  
Nur Kafid
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
National Election ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Defensive Strategy ◽  
Societal Issues

This study aims to find out political strategy used by the Muslim-based political party to exceed the parliamentary threshold (PT) (3.5%) on the national election 2014, with the case study on National Awakening Party (PKB) and National Mandate Party (PAN). Even the survey agency has predicted that those political parties would not be able to reach PT, but the fact showed different. Both of the political parties managed to exceed the specified threshold. Based on the qualitative approach, this study found out that defensive strategy used by PKB, by consolidating and prioritizing the typology of rural voters with ideological approach (nahdliyin), utilizing prominent figures and artist as part of the campaign to achieve success. Meanwhile, by using offensive strategy PAN chose the typology of rural voters, while at the same time also optimizing the typology of urban voters, dialogical and psychological approach, basic societal issues, and the figure of the artist have been successfully gaining the significant voters.Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengungkap strategi politik dari partai politik berbasis massa Islam untuk melampaui angka parliamentary threshold (3.5%) pada Pemilu tahun 2014, dengan studi kasus PKB dan PAN. Meski sebelumnya telah diprediksi oleh lembaga survei bahwa mereka tidak akan mampu mencapai angka tersebut, tapi realitas menunjukkan sebaliknya. Kedua Parpol tersebut justru berhasil melampaui ambang batas yang ditentukan. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif, studi ini menemukan bahwa strategi defensif PKB, dengan mengkonsolidasi dan memprioritaskan tipologi pemilih pedesaan, dengan pendekatan ideologis (nahdliyin), menjadikan tokoh dan figur artis sebagai bagian dari kampanye meraih keberhasilan. Sementara PAN, dengan strategi ofensifnya memilih tipologi pemilih pedesaan dengan tetap mengoptimalkan suara dari tipologi pemilih perkotaan, dengan pendekatan dialogis, psikologis, isu kerakyatan, dan figur artis mampu mendulang perolehan suaranya.

scholarly journals The Phenomena of “An Empty Box” and the Resistence of Pati People to the Oligarchy Domination in the Local Election Pati

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 09008
Author(s):  
Hidayat Sardini Nur ◽  
Fitriyah
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Research Show

This research tries to highlight the phenomena of “an empty box” and society resistance to oligharchy formation in the regional election of Pati in 2017. Its aims are to find out the underlying factors, and other factors trigerring the existence of “an empty box” and society resistence. This research is qualitative with a case study method. The data was gained by interviewing informants deeply, and collecting secondary data. The results of research show that there are various models of general election with a single candidate, and various local society resistence to political oligarchy practices and formation also appear. Further, the weaknesses of political party recruitment as the sources of leadership and the greed of political elites are also revealed. Knowing the findings, a good arrangement to improve the function of political parties should be done. Then, for the future research the roles of oligarchy in regions as one of ways to control local political actors can be studied.

Navigating Politics

2021 ◽  
pp. 178-210
Author(s):  
Milena B. Methodieva
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Electoral Democracy

One of the most important goals was to encourage Muslims to participate in politics in the name of higher patriotic ideals. The Bulgarian political context presented opportunities and obstacles. Bulgaria was a parliamentary electoral democracy and Muslims became involved in political life from the very beginning. Although some Bulgarians were skeptical about Muslims participation in elections and the national assembly, Bulgarian political parties routinely courted Muslim votes. Certain prominent reformist figures argued for the establishment of a Muslim political party which would be the only proper advocate of Muslim interests, however, such ambitions were not realized. At the same time, reformers contested the position of the established Muslim leadership resorting to common tactics popular in the local political environment. The chapter looks at some of the major campaigns launched by Muslim reformers, as well as the actions of their Muslim adversaries.

scholarly journals Analyzing the voting cluster of political parties: A case study of Lahore district (1970-2013)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 413-432
Author(s):  
Kishwar Munir
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Social Cleavages ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Cluster Pattern

A voting cluster is a connotation that denotes party loyalty rather than ethnic and social cleavages. The theory of voting cluster surfaces when the units of analysis are characterized by political parties and the voter instead of their nomenclatures. This makes this study significant and different given that it highlights the value of shifting the primary focus away from the nomenclature. With the nomenclature changing in every election, it is likely that political parties, their features, and trajectories are misconstrued. Thus, looking at the voting cluster of each political party and analyzing of these clusters data, gathered from different surveys and reports, provide a deeper and accurate understanding of voting patterns.  This approach of voting cluster provides us an additional platform for analysis along with the conventional focus on nomenclatures of political parties. The focus of study is to evaluate the changing pattern of voting clusters and their shift from one party to another. The qualitative content analysis research method has been used to understand the cluster pattern and why a voting cluster make or break from one party to other. The study maintains that there is no standalone factor that helps a political party to sustain a voting cluster.

scholarly journals Desain Koalisi Permanen Partai Politik dalam Sistem Pemerintahan Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Ahmad Siboy
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
General Election ◽  
Pole Model ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

The pattern of political party coalitions that fluctuate ahead of the general election indicates that the coalitions are not built based on substantial interests but pragmatic interests. As a result, the status of each party becomes unclear, which one acts on the side of the government and which one acts as the opposition. This study aims to discuss the options of permanent coalition patterns that can be applied. The research problem of this study was “What is the permanent coalition design that can be applied in the Indonesian government system?”. This study used normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case-study approaches. The results indicated that a permanent coalition is needed to strengthen the coalition pattern of political parties as a support for the Indonesian government system. The permanent coalition design that can be applied is a two-pole model, in which there will only two coalition groups of political parties: parties supporting the government and parties opposing the government. This two-pole model can be balanced in terms of the power between a coalition of government parties and a coalition of opposition parties. Another design that can be adopted is the coalitions which are established based on the similarity of the ideology of each political party.

scholarly journals Partai Politik dan Perilaku Pemilih Di Indonesia (Studi Pada Pemilu Legislatif 2009, 2014, dan 2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Danis Tri Saputra Wahidin ◽  
Ali Muhyidin ◽  
Iswahyuni Iswahyuni ◽  
Anwar Ilmar
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Voter Behavior ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Political Work ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Rational Voter ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study discusses the voter behavior that influence the fluctuation of  political party voters changing in the 2009, 2014 and 2019 legislative elections. The undestanding of political parties with a rational voter behavior approach is carried out to detect the relationship of political parties performance to the people's choices in the Indonesia Legislative elections. However, the Indonesian voters behavior  cannot be caracterized absolutely rational, because the sociological and the psychological voter behavior also strongly influences Indonesian voters, and even influences one another. This case study found that the behavior of Indonesian voters is volatile. loyal voters in the 2014 general election are predicted to only amount 20%. In the 2019 elections, loyal party voters tended to be stable due to several factors, 1) The political bipolarization between supporters of the Jokowi-Maruf and Probowo-Sandi pair, 2) high public satisfaction with the performance of the Jokowi-JK government, 3) stable public trust in government and opposition parties and 4) holding legislative elections in conjunction with the presidential election. This condition can be seen from the motives of political party voters who choose because of several main factors, namely figures, ideology and political work programs.Penelitian ini mendiskusikan tentang perilaku pemilih yang mempengaruhi perubahan suara partai politik pada pemilu legislatif 2009, 2014, dan 2019. Pendalaman partai politik dengan pendekatan perilaku pemilih rasional dilakukan untuk mendeteksi hubungan kinerja partai politik terhadap perilaku pemilih pada pemilu Legislatif di Indonesia. Meski demikian, perilaku pemilih Indonesia tidak dapat dikatakan rasional secara mutlak, karena perilaku pemilih sosiologis dan psikologis juga masih kuat mempengaruhi pemilih Indonesia, bahkan saling mempengaruhi antara satu dengan yang lainnya . Studi kasus ini menemukan bahwa perilaku pemilih Indonesia bersifat fluktuatif. pemilih loyal di Indonesia pada pemilu 2014 diprediksi hanya berjumlah 20%. Pada pemilu 2019 pemilih loyal partai cenderung stabil karena didorong oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu 1) bipolarisasi politik antara pendukung pasangan Jokowi-Maruf dan Probowo-Sandi, 2) tingginya kepuasan masyarakat pada kinerja pemerintahan Jokowi-JK,  3) stabilnya kepercayaan publik pada partai pemerintah maupun partai oposisi dan 4) pelaksanaan pemilu legislatif  yang bersamaan dengan  pemilu presiden. Kondisi ini terlihat dari motif pemilih partai politik yang memilih karena beberapa faktor utama yaitu faktor figur, Ideologi dan program kerja.

The European People's Party and the East

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Wientzek
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
People's Party ◽  
Party Development ◽  
European People’S Party ◽  
Party Transformation

Using the example of the European People’s Party’s (EPP) activities in the Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia, this book demonstrates that European political parties may, under certain conditions, successfully influence political party transformation in the Eastern European Neighbourhood. In order to cover the highest possible variety of interactions between the EPP and its partner parties, the study examines three different mechanisms of norm promotion: conditionality, persuasion and social influence. While the EPP has influenced its partner parties to a certain extent both on an internal and an external level of party development, certain features of its partner parties have, however, strongly limited its influence, and its partner parties have often been resistant to change. Equally, their compliance with the EPP has frequently been merely rhetorical or formal. Finally, the author suggests a typology of which type of partner parties has been more likely to demonstrate such compliance.

scholarly journals ANALISIS ATAS TEMUAN BERULANG BANTUAN KEUANGAN PARTAI POLITIK DI KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Endah Aprimulki ◽  
Abdul Halim
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Stewardship Theory ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
Reporting Process

This research aims to provide an overview of the accountability process for thefinancial assistance from political party (banparpol) in Temanggung, analyzing thecause of repeated findings in the report of Banparpol in the respective district,also identifying the efforts made by the recipients in respond to the repeated findings.This research employs qualitative approach and case study as the research design,with two political parties, A and B, as the object of the research. The data wascollected by documentation and interview. It involved the chairperson of the party,the treasurer, and parts of the party’s organization as participants.The result shows that the reporting process of financial assistance in both parties,A and B, was conducted by forming a committee for every activity related to thefunding of Banparpol. Each committee reported all of the activities fromimplementation of the event, collecting evidence and documentation of the event,and made event summary. After this report is completed, the treasurer will verifyand compile everything which will then become Banparpol’s report. The factorcausing repeated finding on the respective policial parties’ report were the humanresources’ lack of understanding upon administrative process, the inconsistenciesof political party’s regulation, budget disburstment which is processed in the endof the year, lack of motivation and the inability to obey the regulation. Furthermore,different judgement among the examiner also becomes influencing factor. Anothercaus is cultural dimensions that appear in political party B, which are disobedienceand subborness. Efforts made by political party A to avoid the repeated findingsare choosing a regular place which has already had a well structured administrationand conductiong revisions based on the recommendation of the Audit Board (BPK).The first strategy is also performed by political party B, in addition to recruiting LOto provide assistance in understanding political party’s accountability rules andconsulting to Kesbangpol.This research uses Stewardship theory and compliance theory in identifying factorscontributing to the repeated findings in Banparpol’s acountability report inTemanggung district.

scholarly journals Human information behaviour in conversation: understanding the influence of informal conversation on learning in a political party

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah Hanlon ◽  
◽  
Julie McLeod ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
Information Behaviour ◽  
Informal Conversation ◽  
Template Analysis ◽  
Unique Nature

Introduction. This paper explores information behaviour in the underrepresented but increasingly important area of informal conversations and their influence on learning within political parties. The application of an extended model on information behaviour in conversation, which arose from the initial research analysis, enabled more granulated interpretation of results. This facilitated greater understanding, through the information behaviour lens, of informal conversations and how they contribute to learning. Method. Qualitative case-study of a political party. Analysis. Template analysis was used, followed by the application of the emergent extended model of human information behaviour in conversation. Results. Characteristics of informal conversation reflected the unique nature of the organisation. The extended model provided additional insights into context, information seeking and knowledge sharing during the conversations including motivations and affective factors, and outcomes from the conversations. Conclusions. A key reason for engaging in informal conversation was the need to strengthen capacity to influence. Self-efficacy was increased through mutual support and engaging in information behaviours. Application of the extended information behaviour model confirmed that learning occurred during informal conversations at individual and group level. Additional research is needed to test the model further with political parties and their members before extending it to wider applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document