scholarly journals Value added utilization of by-product electric furnace ferronickel slag as construction materials: A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 10-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumer Saha ◽  
M.N.N. Khan ◽  
Prabir Kumar Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Electric Furnace ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Ferronickel Slag

scholarly journals Biomass waste utilisation in low-carbon products: harnessing a major potential resource

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimisha Tripathi ◽  
Colin D. Hills ◽  
Raj S. Singh ◽  
Christopher J. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Biomass Residues ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Sustainable Value

Abstract The increasing demand for food and other basic resources from a growing population has resulted in the intensification of agricultural and industrial activities. The wastes generated from agriculture are a burgeoning problem, as their disposal, utilisation and management practices are not efficient or universally applied. Particularly in developing countries, most biomass residues are left in the field to decompose or are burned in the open, resulting in significant environmental impacts. Similarly, with rapid global urbanisation and the rising demand for construction products, alternative sustainable energy sources and raw material supplies are required. Biomass wastes are an under-utilised source of material (for both energy and material generation), and to date, there has been little activity focussing on a ‘low-carbon’ route for their valorisation. Thus, the present paper attempts to address this by reviewing the global availability of biomass wastes and their potential for use as a feedstock for the manufacture of high-volume construction materials. Although targeted at practitioners in the field of sustainable biomass waste management, this work may also be of interest to those active in the field of carbon emission reductions. We summarise the potential of mitigating CO2 in a mineralisation step involving biomass residues, and the implications for CO2 capture and utilisation (CCU) to produce construction products from both solid and gaseous wastes. This work contributes to the development of sustainable value-added lower embodied carbon products from solid waste. The approach will offer reduced carbon emissions and lower pressure on natural resources (virgin stone, soil etc.).

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ECO- FRIENDLY CONCRETE USING INDUSTRIAL WASTE – A REVIEW

2014 ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Amiya K. Samanta ◽  
D. K. Singha Roy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Process Technology

At present in India, about 960 million metric tons of solid waste is being generated annually as byproducts during industrial, mining, municipal, agricultural and other processes. Advances in solid waste management resulted in alternative construction materials as a substitute to traditional materials like bricks, blocks, tiles, aggregates, ceramics, cement, lime, soil, timber and paint. To safeguard the environment, efforts are being made for recycling different wastes and to utilize them in value added applications. The cement industries have been making significant progress in reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through improvements in process technology and enhancements in process efficiency, but further improvements are limited because CO2 production is inherent to the basic process of calcinations of limestone. In the past two decades, various investigations have been conducted on industrial wastes like flyash, blast furnace slag, Silica fume, rice husks and other industrial waste materials to act as cement replacements .This paper consist of a review extensively conducted on publications related to utilization of waste materials as cement replacement with an intention to develop a process so as to produce an eco-friendly concrete having similar or higher strength and thus simultaneously providing a remedy to environmental hazards resulting from waste material disposal.

scholarly journals Brine sludge waste from a Chlor-alkali industry: characterization and its application for non-structural and structural construction materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Juliana De Carvalho Izidoro ◽  
Denise Alves Fungaro ◽  
Luciana Cristina Viviani ◽  
Rogério Da Costa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limestone Filler ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Brine Sludge

Brine sludge (BS) is an industrial waste generated in large amounts by the Chlor-alkali industry and, usually disposed into industrial landfills. Because BS contains several chemical compounds, also presents a potential environmental impact. The feasibility of the utilization of brine sludge wastes for the preparation of value-added materials was investigated. The characterization of two brine sludge samples was performed in terms of chemical and physical composition, particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal analysis (DTA/TG). Elements like Ca, Si, Na, Mg, Al, Cl, and Fe were identified in the samples. The XRD results confirmed the crystalline nature of compounds and indicated that the main compounds in brine sludge samples were calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, magnesium hydroxide, and quartz. FTIR showed the presence of varying functional groups like carbonate, siloxane, and hydroxide. The two brine sludge samples can be considered as a fine powder with the mean diameter (d50) of 4.984 µm and 24.574 µm, for the BS from Santo André and Cubatão, respectively. The results indicated that the brine sludge samples presented favorable characteristics to use limestone filler and binder alternative to Portland cement in the nonstructural construction materials. The incorporation of brine sludge in geopolymeric materials is another possible use in sustainable construction material products. The production of value-added products from brine sludge will be an important contribution towards sustainable development adopted by the Chlor-alkali industry.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ECO- FRIENDLY CONCRETE USING INDUSTRIAL WASTE – A REVIEW

2014 ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Amiya K. Samanta ◽  
D. K. Singha Roy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Process Technology

At present in India, about 960 million metric tons of solid waste is being generated annually as byproducts during industrial, mining, municipal, agricultural and other processes. Advances in solid waste management resulted in alternative construction materials as a substitute to traditional materials like bricks, blocks, tiles, aggregates, ceramics, cement, lime, soil, timber and paint. To safeguard the environment, efforts are being made for recycling different wastes and to utilize them in value added applications. The cement industries have been making significant progress in reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions through improvements in process technology and enhancements in process efficiency, but further improvements are limited because CO2 production is inherent to the basic process of calcinations of limestone. In the past two decades, various investigations have been conducted on industrial wastes like flyash, blast furnace slag, Silica fume, rice husks and other industrial waste materials to act as cement replacements .This paper consist of a review extensively conducted on publications related to utilization of waste materials as cement replacement with an intention to develop a process so as to produce an eco-friendly concrete having similar or higher strength and thus simultaneously providing a remedy to environmental hazards resulting from waste material disposal.

scholarly journals The Potential Use of Oyster Shell Waste in New Value-Added By-Product

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamyres H. Silva ◽  
Joana Mesquita-Guimarães ◽  
Bruno Henriques ◽  
Filipe S. Silva ◽  
Márcio C. Fredel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Artificial Stone

Calcium carbonate is one of the most used raw materials in various industries, such as construction materials, food supplement, pharmaceutics, animal feed, plastic production, and others. Calcium carbonate can derive from marine wastes, like crustaceans and bivalve’s shells. The worldwide demand for new sources of food has increased exponentially, and following that tendency, the mariculture—especially the oyster culture—has been increasingly resorting to farming techniques. In 2016, 438 billion tons of oysters were produced. The majority of the shells were unduly discarded, presenting a public health problem. This article offers a solution based on the reuse and recycling of oyster shell residues in the production region of Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. The presented solution is an oyster shell by-product developed by a local company which produces artificial stone. The main component of the artificial stone is a composite material made of oyster shells incorporated in a polymeric resin. The mechanical properties, such as its flexural strength, hardness, Weibull modulus, and fracture analysis, were held in the artificial stone. The mechanical results of the new artificial stone were compared with other natural stones, such as granite and marble, and other commercial artificial stones. This material owns suitable mechanical properties for table tops and workbenches. Using this product as an artificial stone represents an innovation in the development of a new product and adds commercial value to local waste. This product is an excellent example of a circular economy for local producers who care about the environment, and it encourages the reduction of extraction of natural stone, such as granite and marble.

scholarly journals Applications of Emerging Bioelectrochemical Technologies in Agricultural Systems: A Current Review

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeng Li ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Aavudai Anandhi
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Increasing Demand

Background: Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are emerging energy-effective and environment-friendly technologies. Different applications of BESs are able to effectively minimize wastes and treat wastewater while simultaneously recovering electricity, biohydrogen and other value-added chemicals via specific redox reactions. Although there are many studies that have greatly advanced the performance of BESs over the last decade, research and reviews on agriculture-relevant applications of BESs are very limited. Considering the increasing demand for food, energy and water due to human population expansion, novel technologies are urgently needed to promote productivity and sustainability in agriculture. Methodology: This review study is based on an extensive literature search regarding agriculture-related BES studies mainly in the last decades (i.e., 2009–2018). The databases used in this review study include Scopus, Google Scholar and Web of Science. The current and future applications of bioelectrochemical technologies in agriculture have been discussed. Findings/Conclusions: BESs have the potential to recover considerable amounts of electric power and energy chemicals from agricultural wastes and wastewater. The recovered energy can be used to reduce the energy input into agricultural systems. Other resources and value-added chemicals such as biofuels, plant nutrients and irrigation water can also be produced in BESs. In addition, BESs may replace unsustainable batteries to power remote sensors or be designed as biosensors for agricultural monitoring. The possible applications to produce food without sunlight and remediate contaminated soils using BESs have also been discussed. At the same time, agricultural wastes can also be processed into construction materials or biochar electrodes/electrocatalysts for reducing the high costs of current BESs. Future studies should evaluate the long-term performance and stability of on-farm BES applications.

scholarly journals Geopolymer Technologies for Stabilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slags and Sustainable Application as Construction Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5002
Author(s):  
Wei-Hao Lee ◽  
Ta-Wui Cheng ◽  
Kuan-Yu Lin ◽  
Kae-Long Lin ◽  
Chia-Cheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
Expansion Test ◽  
Free Cao ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

The basic oxygen furnace slag is a major waste by-product generated from steel-producing plants. It possesses excellent characteristics and can be used as a natural aggregate. Chemically, the basic oxygen furnace slag encloses free CaO and free MgO, which is the main reason for the expansion crisis since these free oxides of alkaline earth metals react with water to form their hydroxide yields. The objective of the present research study is to stabilize the basic oxygen furnace slag by using innovative geopolymer technology, as their matrix contains a vast quantity of free silicon, which can react with free CaO and free MgO to form stable silicate compounds resulting in the prevention of the basic oxygen furnace slag expansion predicament. Lab-scale and ready-mixed plant pilot-scale experimental findings revealed that the compressive strength of fine basic oxygen furnace slag-based geopolymer mortar can achieve a compressive strength of 30–40 MPa after 28 days, and increased compressive strength, as well as the expansion, can be controlled less than 0.5% after ASTM C151 autoclave testing. Several pilot-scale cubic meters basic oxygen furnace slag-based geopolymer concrete blocks were developed in a ready-mixed plant. The compressive strength and autoclave expansion test results demonstrated that geopolymer technology does not merely stabilize the basic oxygen furnace slag production issue totally, but also turns the slags into value-added products.

From ferronickel slag to value-added refractory materials: A microwave sintering strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 521-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Peng ◽  
Huimin Tang ◽  
Robin Augustine ◽  
Joonho Lee ◽  
Weiguang Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Refractory Materials ◽  
Ferronickel Slag

scholarly journals Challenges and Emerging Trends in Toner Waste Recycling: A Review

Recycling ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Meera Parthasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
World Health ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
The Future

Toner waste is one of the major electronic waste materials posing serious environmental threat and health hazards. Globally, only about 20–30% of toner waste is recycled, while the remaining percentage is dumped in landfills. Recycling options are limited due to the desirably engineered durability of toners, ascribed to a complicated composition of chemicals, carbon black, and plastic particles, which in turn creates critical challenges in recycling. The World Health Organization has classified toner waste as class 2B carcinogen due to its potential health hazard. In this review, the existing challenges in toner waste recycling are discussed from the perspective of environmental, health, and feasibility aspects. In parallel, the challenges have been opening up alternative strategies to recycle toner wastes. Emerging trends in toner waste recycling include transformation of toner waste into value-added products, utilization as raw material for nanomaterial synthesis, generation of composite electrodes for power generation/storage devices, integration into construction materials, and development of microwave absorbing composites. Considering the enormous volume of toner waste generated globally every year, better recycling and transformation strategies are needed immediately. A circular economy could be established in the future by transforming the enormous toner waste into a resource for other applications. For an effective management of toner waste in the future, an integrated approach involving policies and legislations, infrastructure for collection and treatment, and financial planning among the stakeholders is needed in addition to technological innovations.

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