Abstract
Background
Intestinal infection is still an important public health problem in low-income countries. Food handlers may be infected by a wide range of enteropathogens and have been implicated in the transmission of many infections to the public in the community and the people living in working environments. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis estimate the pooled prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers working at higher public University student’s cafeterias and public food establishments in Ethiopia.
Methods
International databases, including PubMed/ Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar, andHinariwere systematically searched. All identified observational studies reporting the prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections at higher public University student’s cafeterias and public food establishments were included. Two authors independently extracted all necessary data using a standardized data extraction format. STATA version 14 statistical software was used to do a meta-analysis. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 test were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. A random-effect model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections.
Results
After reviewing of 138 studies, 18 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The findings from the 18 studies revealed that the pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among food handlers working in higher public university student’s cafeterias and public food establishments was 28.5% (95%CI: 27.4, 29.7). The dominant intestinal parasites were E.histolytica 6.38 (95%Cl: 5.73, 7.04), followed by A.lumbricodes4.12 (95%Cl: 3.56, 4.67), and G. lamblia 3.12(95%Cl: 2.65, 3.60). Fingernail trimming 3.04 (95% CI:2.19, 4.22), hand washing after defecation 2.71 (95%CI:1.93, 3.82), hand washing after touching any body parts 2.41 (95%CI:1.64, 3.56), medical checkup 2.26, (95%CI:1.57, 3.25), food safety training 1.79 (95%CI: 1.30, 2.45) were factors significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections.
Conclusion
In this study, intestinal parasitic infections among food handlers working in higher public university student’s cafeterias and public food establishment’s in Ethiopia were significantly high. Fingernail trimming, hand washing after defecation, hand washing after touching any body parts, regular medical checkup, and food safety training were significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections.