Carriage prevalence and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae prior to 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine introduction: A population-based cross-sectional study in South Western Uganda, 2014

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is recognized as one of the main pathogens inducing several invasive and non-invasive infections in children. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the serotype distribution of S. pneumoniae in six–month–old carriers. Methods: This study encompassed 600 six-month-old healthy infants whose pharyngeal swap samples were collected and then cultured to isolate S. pneumoniae. Twenty- five different serotypes were defined on positive culture samples by multiplex PCR. Results: In this study, 13 cases (2.2%) were positive S. pneumonia. The most common isolated serotypes of S. pneumoniae were serotypes 23F (n = 6, 1%) and 3 (n = 3, 0.5%), respectively. Notably, the most frequent serotype in formula-fed infants (n = 300) was Serotype 23F (n = 5, 1.7%); however, Serotype 3 (n = 3, 1%) was the most frequent one in breastfed participants (n = 300). According to the findings, the overall coverage of PCV10, PCV13, and PPSV23 on the S. pneumoniae serotypes at the age of six months was 50%, 73%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusions: At this age, the type of feeding could not significantly affect the frequency rate of S. pneumoniae colonization, while the serotype distributions in the two breastfed and formula-fed groups were different.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Body composition and basal metabolic rate in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: a Danish population-based and hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726010578.793534526 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Iltefat Hamzavi

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Metabolic Rate ◽

Basal Metabolic Rate ◽

Hidradenitis Suppurativa ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Danish Population ◽

Cross Sectional

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Prevalence of disabilities and non-communicable diseases in an elderly population in the Telangana state, India: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041755 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e041755

Author(s):

Srinivas Marmamula ◽

Satya Brahmanandam Modepalli ◽

Thirupathi Reddy Kumbham ◽

Rajesh Challa ◽

Jill E Keeffe

Keyword(s):

Elderly Population ◽

Self Care ◽

The Elderly ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Self Report ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of disabilities (vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care and communication) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among the elderly population in two districts in Telangana, India.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method to select the study clusters.SettingElderly population in Khammam and Warangal districts were recruited. Detailed interviews were conducted by trained community health workers. Personal and demographic information such as age, gender, level of education and a self-report of NCDs was collected. The Washington Disability Questionnaire was administered to assess the presence of disabilities.Participants1821 participants aged ≥60 years, 54.5% were women, and 73.3% had no education.Primary outcome measurePrevalence of disabilities and NCDs.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of at least disability was 20.3% (95% CI 16.3 to 24.9). The prevalence of self- reported disabilities were: seeing (5.9%; 95% CI 4.4 to 7.8), mobility (12.8%; 95% CI 9.7 to 16.8), hearing (3.6%; 95% CI 2.7 to 4.8), cognition (4.8%; 95% CI 3.5 to 6.7), self-care (3.3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 4.7) and communication (1.8%; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.6). Overall, the prevalence of at least one NCD was 34.2% (95% CI 30.9 to 37.7). Hypertension was the most common systemic condition (25.4%; 95% CI 22.4 to 28.7), followed by diabetes (9.0%; 95% CI 7.3 to 11.0), and body pains (muscle-skeletal) (9.9%; 95% CI 8.1 to 12.2).ConclusionEvery fifth elderly person in the districts of Khammam and Warangal in Telangana had at least one self-reported disability. Besides, a third of the elderly had at least one NCD. There is a definite need to develop comprehensive public health strategies to address disabilities and NCDs in Telangana.

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Association between pyrethroid exposure and cardiovascular disease: A national population-based cross-sectional study in the US

Environment International ◽

10.1016/j.envint.2021.106545 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 153 ◽

pp. 106545

Author(s):

Qingping Xue ◽

An Pan ◽

Ying Wen ◽

Yichao Huang ◽

Da Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

National Population ◽

The Us

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Prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in Wuwei, a high‐risk area for gastric cancer in northwest China: An all‐ages population‐based cross‐sectional study

Helicobacter ◽

10.1111/hel.12810 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaofeng Wang ◽

Xiaochuang Shu ◽

Qiang Li ◽

Youpeng Li ◽

Zhaofeng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Gastric Cancer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Northwest China ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Risk Area ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Risk Area

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Myopia, corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in a Japanese population-based cross-sectional study: the JPHC-NEXT Eye Study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85617-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Naohiko Aketa ◽

Miki Uchino ◽

Motoko Kawashima ◽

Yuichi Uchino ◽

Kenya Yuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Cell Density ◽

Contact Lenses ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽

Endothelial Cell Density ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

AbstractThis population-based cross-sectional study was performed to determine the mean corneal endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), and hexagonality (HEX), and their associations with myopia in Japanese adults living in Chikusei city. Of 7109 participants with available data, 5713 (2331 male and 3382 female) participants were eligible for analysis. After assessing the relationship between participant characteristics and spherical equivalent refraction (SER), the association of SER with the abnormal value of ECD (< 2000 cells/mm), CV (≥ 0.40), and HEX (≤ 50%) were determined using the logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders (age, intraocular pressure, keratometric power, height, and antihypertensive drug use). In male participants, there was no statistically significant relationships between SER and endothelial parameters. In female participants, compared to emmetropia, SER ≤ − 6 D had significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of having the abnormal value of CV (OR = 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39–3.10) and HEX (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.29–3.23), adjusted for potential confounders, indicating that the high myopia was associated with the abnormal values of CV and HEX. Further adjustment for contact lenses wear partly attenuated these associations. Association between the SER and ECD was not detected.

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