Current efficiency and selectivity reduction caused by co-ion leakage in electromembrane processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 117351
Author(s):  
Junghyo Yoon ◽  
Matthew T. Flavin ◽  
Jongyoon Han
Keyword(s):  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Electromembrane Processes

Stem Cold Hardiness, Leaf Heat Tolerance, Growth, and Performance of Six Japanese Maples (Acer palmatum) in Northern Illinois

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 512e-512
Author(s):  
A.M. Shirazi
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Artificial Freezing ◽  
And Performance

Six different Japanese Maples (Acer palmatum) cultivars `Water Fall', `Burgundy Lace', `Crimson Queen', `Oshio-Beni', `SangoKaKu', and `Bloodgood' from Monrovia Nursery were planted in a randomized block design on 4 June 1997 at the The Morton Arboretum. Leaf heat tolerance was evaluated by measuring ion leakage of the leaf tissue at 25–60 °C in July, Aug., and Sept. 1997. The LT50 (the temperature at which 50% of the tissues were injured) of all the cultivars were higher in July (≈53 °C) and were lower in September (≈47 °C). Water content of the leaf tissues were higher in July compare to August and September and were not related to heat tolerance of most cultivars. Stem cold hardiness was performed by artificial freezing tests in Oct., Dec., and Feb. 1997/98. The Lowest Survival Temperature (LST) for the most hardy to least hardy cultivars in October and December were: `Burgundy Lace' (–15, –27 °C), `Bloodgood' (–18, –24 °C), `Oshio-Beni' (–15, –24 °C), `Crimson Queen' (–15, –18 °C), `Water Fall' (–9, –18 °C) and `SangoKaKu' (–9, –12 °C), respectively. Growth, dormancy development, spring budbreak and performance of these cultivars will be compared.

Heterogeneous Fenton Catalytic Removal of Organic Pollutant in Aqueous Solution by using Coal Gangue as a Catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-325
Author(s):  
Jiwei Zhang ◽  
Jingjing Xu ◽  
Shuaixia Liu ◽  
Baoxiang Gu ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Heterogeneous Fenton ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray

Background: Coal gangue was used as a catalyst in heterogeneous Fenton process for the degradation of azo dye and phenol. The influencing factors, such as solution pH gangue concentration and hydrogen peroxide dosage were investigated, and the reaction mechanism between coal gangue and hydrogen peroxide was also discussed. Methods: Experimental results showed that coal gangue has the ability to activate hydrogen peroxide to degrade environmental pollutants in aqueous solution. Under optimal conditions, after 60 minutes of treatment, more than 90.57% of reactive red dye was removed, and the removal efficiency of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) up to 72.83%. Results: Both hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical anion participated in the degradation of organic pollutant but hydroxyl radical predominated. Stability tests for coal gangue were also carried out via the continuous degradation experiment and ion leakage analysis. After five times continuous degradation, dye removal rate decreased slightly and the leached Fe was still at very low level (2.24-3.02 mg L-1). The results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-Ray Spectrometer (EDS) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) indicated that coal gangue catalyst is stable after five times continuous reuse. Conclusion: The progress in this research suggested that coal gangue is a potential nature catalyst for the efficient degradation of organic pollutant in water and wastewater via the Fenton reaction.

scholarly journals De novo TRPV4 Leu619Pro variant causes a new channelopathy characterised by giant cell lesions of the jaws and skull, skeletal abnormalities and polyneuropathy

2021 ◽  
pp. jmedgenet-2020-107427
Author(s):  
Aviel Ragamin ◽  
Carolina C Gomes ◽  
Karen Bindels-de Heus ◽  
Renata Sandoval ◽  
Angelia V Bassenden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Somatic Mosaicism ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Heterozygous Variant ◽  
Systemic Disorder

BackgroundPathogenic germline variants in Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 Cation Channel (TRPV4) lead to channelopathies, which are phenotypically diverse and heterogeneous disorders grossly divided in neuromuscular disorders and skeletal dysplasia. We recently reported in sporadic giant cell lesions of the jaws (GCLJs) novel, somatic, heterozygous, gain-of-function mutations in TRPV4, at Met713.MethodsHere we report two unrelated women with a de novo germline p.Leu619Pro TRPV4 variant and an overlapping systemic disorder affecting all organs individually described in TRPV4 channelopathies.ResultsFrom an early age, both patients had several lesions of the nervous system including progressive polyneuropathy, and multiple aggressive giant cell-rich lesions of the jaws and craniofacial/skull bones, and other skeletal lesions. One patient had a relatively milder disease phenotype possibly due to postzygotic somatic mosaicism. Indeed, the TRPV4 p.Leu619Pro variant was present at a lower frequency (variant allele frequency (VAF)=21.6%) than expected for a heterozygous variant as seen in the other proband, and showed variable regional frequency in the GCLJ (VAF ranging from 42% to 10%). In silico structural analysis suggests that the gain-of-function p.Leu619Pro alters the ion channel activity leading to constitutive ion leakage.ConclusionOur findings define a novel polysystemic syndrome due to germline TRPV4 p.Leu619Pro and further extend the spectrum of TRPV4 channelopathies. They further highlight the convergence of TRPV4 mutations on different organ systems leading to complex phenotypes which are further mitigated by possible post-zygotic mosaicism. Treatment of this disorder is challenging, and surgical intervention of the GCLJ worsens the lesions, suggesting the future use of MEK inhibitors and TRPV4 antagonists as therapeutic modalities for unmet clinical needs.

scholarly journals A 2.1 GHz, 210 μW, —189 dBc/Hz DCO with Ultra Low Power DCC Scheme

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Shi Zuo ◽  
Jianzhong Zhao ◽  
Yumei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Phase Noise ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Semiconductor Manufacturing ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Measured Phase

This article presents a low power digital controlled oscillator (DCO) with an ultra low power duty cycle correction (DCC) scheme. The DCO with the complementary cross-coupled topology uses the controllable tail resistor to improve the tail current efficiency. A robust duty cycle correction (DCC) scheme is introduced to replace self-biased inverters to save power further. The proposed DCO is implemented in a Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) 40 nm CMOS process. The measured phase noise at room temperature is −115 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset with a dissipation of 210 μμW at an oscillating frequency of 2.12 GHz, and the resulin figure-of-merit is s −189 dBc/Hz.

Methane synthesis from CO2 and H2O with electricity using H-permeable membrane electrochemical cells with Ru catalyst and phosphate electrolyte

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-940
Author(s):  
Jun Kubota ◽  
Takaya Okumura
Keyword(s):  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Ru Catalyst ◽  
Electrochemical Conversion ◽  
A Current ◽  
Phosphate Electrolyte

Direct electrochemical conversion of CO2 and H2O to CH4 in a combined Ru-catalyst and H2O electrolyzer system was examined at 270 °C, thus obtaining a current efficiency of 93% for CH4 formation.

scholarly journals Implementation of Power-Efficient Class AB Miller Amplifiers Using Resistive Local Common-Mode Feedback

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Anindita Paul ◽  
Mario Renteria-Pinon ◽  
Jaime Ramirez-Angulo ◽  
Ricardo Bolaños-Pérez ◽  
Héctor Vázquez-Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Small Signal ◽  
Common Mode ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Class Ab ◽  
Op Amp ◽  
Class A ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Quiescent Current

An approach to implement single-ended power-efficient static class-AB Miller op-amps with symmetrical and significantly enhanced slew-rate and accurately controlled output quiescent current is introduced. The proposed op-amp can drive a wide range of resistive and capacitive loads. The output positive and negative currents can be much higher than the total op-amp quiescent current. The enhanced performance is achieved by utilizing a simple low-power auxiliary amplifier with resistive local common-mode feedback that increases the quiescent power dissipation by less than 10%. The proposed class AB op-amp is characterized by significantly enhanced large-signal dynamic, static current efficiency, and small-signal figures of merits. The dynamic current efficiency is 15.6 higher, the static current efficiency is 8.9 times higher, and the small-signal figure of merit is 2.3 times higher than the conventional class-A op-amp. A global figure of merit that determines an op-amp’s ultimate speed is 6.33 times higher than the conventional class A op-amp.

Constructing host-σ-guest structures to optimize the efficiency of non-doped solution-processed OLEDs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Liu ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Haowen Chen ◽  
Daiyu Ma ◽  
Wenwen Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Blue Emission ◽  
Solution Processed

Non-doped solution-processed OLEDs based on emitters with host-σ-guest structures showed blue emission with CIE (0.18, 0.31), 24.9 cd A−1 current efficiency and 9.5 lm W−1 power efficiency.

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