Damage detection of tunnel based on the high-density cross-sectional curvature obtained using strain data from BOTDA sensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 107728
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Yongliang Wang ◽  
Yanqing Men ◽  
Qianen Xu
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Sectional Curvature ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strain Data

Abstract 3645: Alcohol Volume, Not Drinking Frequency, Increases Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Sub-Class Particle Concentration

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linton R Harriss ◽  
Dallas R English ◽  
Rory Wolfe ◽  
Andrew M Tonkin ◽  
Kerin O’Dea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Beverage Type ◽  
Drinking Frequency

Introduction: Alcohol intake is positively associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, however no studies have investigated the association with lipoprotein sub-classes using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that usual daily alcohol intake (volume), beverage type and drinking frequency influence plasma HDL sub-class concentrations as determined by NMR. Methods: Six hundred and ninety volunteers (389 women) aged 40 – 69 years at baseline (1990 –1994) participated in a cross-sectional study using the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, Australia. Measures included self-reported alcohol intake using beverage-specific quantity-frequency questions (volume) and a drinking diary for previous week (frequency). Results: Median alcohol intake was 15.2 g/d (2.7, 32.0) for men and 1.0 g/d (0, 9.6) for women. Alcohol volume was positively associated with total HDL particle concentration in men and women. For men, a 10 g/d increment in alcohol intake increased total HDL particle concentration by 0.62 μmol/L (95% CI: 0.27, 0.98) and small HDL particle concentration by 0.34 μmol/L (0.01, 0.68). For women, total HDL particle concentration increased 1.06 μmol/L (0.60, 1.53) for every 10 g/d increment in alcohol intake. Alcohol volume was positively associated with large HDL particle concentration in premenopausal women [0.67 μmol/L (0.19, 1.15)] and small HDL particle concentration in postmenopausal women [0.82 μmol/L (0.14, 1.51)]. Beer, wine and spirits were all positively associated with total HDL concentration for men. Beer and wine were both positively associated with total HDL concentration for women. Drinking frequency was not associated with total HDL particle concentration or any of its’ sub-classes. Conclusions: Alcohol volume (and not drinking frequency) was positively associated with NMR-determined plasma total HDL particle concentration for men and women. These associations appeared to be regardless of beverage type, although comparison of beverage types was not possible for women. These results suggest that for any given weekly volume of alcohol, the number of drinking days does not influence HDL particle concentration.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dyslipidemia, a genetic and multifactorial disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, is defined by elevations in levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C), triglyceride, or some combination thereof, as well as lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents in the Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as a part of the national project implemented in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. The sampling was performed using a multi-stage cluster sampling method on three age groups of girls and boys (6-9, 10-14, and 15-18 years old). Out of the total 1,035 children and adolescents who participated in this study, only 784 participants remained in the study until the end. Data collection was performed using lifestyle questionnaires including Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version. Results: The prevalence of high triglyceride was estimated at 1.4% and 4.2% in 6-9 and 10-18 years old children and adolescents, respectively. The prevalence of high cholesterol, LDL, and HDL was 3.2%, 3.2%, and 25.6%, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the total population of children and adolescents in terms of demographic variables was 64.6% and 57.3% in boys and girls, respectively (P=0.038). Gender and increase in body mass index were significantly associated with dyslipidemia with OR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.81 and OR=13.781; 95% CI: 3.78- 46.43, respectively. However, after adjustment for other factors, only an increase in BMI was significantly associated with dyslipidemia (OR=16.08; 95% CI: 4.49-57.59). Conclusions: Overweight and obese adolescents had a higher concentration of serum blood triglycerides, compared to other adolescents. Weight control, lifestyle modification, and diet are three ways to reduce lipid disorders in adolescents.

Blood Triglyceride and High-Density Lipoprotein Levels Are Associated with Plasma Amyloid-β Transport: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shan Wei, ◽  
Suhang Shang ◽  
Liangjun Dang ◽  
Fan Gao ◽  
Yao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Population Based ◽  
High Density ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Positive Correlations

Background: Studies have found that blood lipids are associated with plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) levels, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Two Aβ transporters, soluble form of low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein-1 (sLRP1) and soluble receptor of advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), are crucial in peripheral Aβ transport. Objective: The aim was to investigate the effects of lipids on the relationships between plasma Aβ and transporter levels. Methods: This study included 1,436 adults aged 40 to 88 years old. Blood Aβ, sLRP1, sRAGE, and lipid levels were measured. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the relationships between lipids and plasma Aβ, sLRP1, and sRAGE. Results: After adjusting for all possible covariates, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) was positively associated with plasma Aβ 42 and sRAGE (β= 6.158, p = 0.049; β= 121.156, p <  0.001, respectively), while triglyceride (TG) was negatively associated with plasma Aβ 40, Aβ 42, and sRAGE (β= –48.389, p = 0.017; β= –11.142, p = 0.020; β= –147.937, p = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, positive correlations were found between plasma Aβ and sRAGE in the normal TG (Aβ 40: β= 0.034, p = 0.005; Aβ 42: β= 0.010, p = 0.001) and HDL-c groups (Aβ 40: β= 0.023, p = 0.033; Aβ 42: β= 0.008, p = 0.002) but not in the high TG and low HDL-c groups. Conclusion: Abnormal levels of TG and HDL-c are associated with decreased Aβ and sRAGE levels. Positive correlations between plasma Aβ and sRAGE were only found in the normal TG and HDL-c groups but not in the high TG and low HDL-c groups. These results indicated that dyslipidemia contributing to plasma Aβ levels might also be involved in peripheral Aβ clearance.

Damage Detection of Bridge Network With Spatiotemporal Pattern Network

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Yongqiang Gong ◽  
Simon Laflamme ◽  
Brent Phares ◽  
Soumik Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Streaming Data ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Strain Data ◽  
Symbolic Dynamic Filtering ◽  
Robustness To Noise ◽  
Dynamic Filtering

The alarmingly degrading state of transportation infrastructures combined with their key societal and economic importance calls for automatic condition assessment methods to facilitate smart management of maintenance and repairs. In particular, scalable data-driven approaches is of great interest, because it can deal with large volume of streaming data without requiring models that can be inaccurate and computationally expensive to run. Properly designed, a data-driven methodology could enable fast and automatic evaluation of infrastructures, discovery of causal dependencies among various sub-system dynamic responses, and inference and decision making with uncertainties and lack of labeled data. In this work, a spatiotemporal pattern network (STPN) strategy built on symbolic dynamic filtering (SDF) is applied to explore spatiotemporal behaviors in bridge network. Data from strain gauges installed on two bridges are simulated by finite element method, and the causality among strain data in spatial and temporal resolutions is analyzed. Case studies are conducted for truck identification and damage detection from simulation data. Results show significant capabilities of the proposed approach in: (i) capturing spatiotemporal features to discover causality between bridges (geographically close), (ii) robustness to noise in data for feature extraction, and (iii) detecting and localizing damage via the comparison of behaviors within the bridge network.

Tem Assessment of Defects in (CdHg)Te Heterostructures

1990 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Lawson-Jack ◽  
I.P. Jones ◽  
D.J. Williams ◽  
M.G. Astles
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
High Density ◽  
Misfit Dislocations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Burgers Vector ◽  
Density Of Dislocations ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Interfacial Plane

ABSTRACTTransmission electron microscopy has been used to assess the defect contents of the various layers and interfaces in (CdHg) Te heterostructures. Examination of cross sectional specimens of these materials suggests that the density of misfit dislocations at the interfaces is related to the layer thicknesses, and that the high density of dislocations which are generated at the GaAs/CdTe interface are effectively prevented from penetrating into the CdHgTe epilayer by a 3um thick buffer layer. The majority of the dislocations in the layers were found to have a Burgers vector b = a/2<110> and either lie approximately parallel or inclined at an angle of ∼ 60° to the interfacial plane.

scholarly journals Differential associations between systemic markers of disease and white matter tissue health in middle-aged and older adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 3568-3579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Woo Ryu ◽  
Jean-Philippe Coutu ◽  
Anna Greka ◽  
H Diana Rosas ◽  
Geon-Ho Jahng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systemic Health

Age-associated cerebrovascular disease impacts brain tissue integrity, but other factors, including normal variation in blood markers of systemic health, may also influence the structural integrity of the brain. This cross-sectional study included 139 individuals between 40 to 86 years old who were physically healthy and cognitively intact. Eleven markers (total-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, insulin, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, albumin, total protein) and five derived indicators (estimated glomerular filtration rate, creatinine clearance rate, insulin-resistance, average glucose, and cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio) were obtained from blood sampling. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to evaluate white matter tissue health. Blood markers were clustered into five factors. The first factor (defined as insulin/high-density lipoprotein factor) was associated with markers of integrity in the deep white matter and projection fiber systems, while the third factor (defined as kidney function factor) was associated with different markers of integrity in the periventricular and watershed white matter regions. Differential segregated associations for insulin and high-density lipoprotein levels and serum markers of kidney function may provide information about distinct mechanisms of brain changes across the lifespan. These results emphasize the need to determine whether therapeutic modulation of systemic health and organ function may prevent decline in brain structural integrity.

scholarly journals An assessment of risk factors for contracting rabies among dog bite cases recorded in Ward 30, Murewa district, Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0009305
Author(s):  
Enica Chikanya ◽  
Margaret Macherera ◽  
Auther Maviza
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Density ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dog Ownership ◽  
Cluster Area ◽  
Dog Owners

Background Zoonoses are a major threat to human health. Worldwide, rabies is responsible for approximately 59 000 deaths annually. In Zimbabwe, rabies is one of the top 5 priority diseases and it is notifiable. It is estimated that rabies causes 410 human deaths per year in the country. Murewa district recorded 938 dog bite cases and 4suspected rabies deaths between January 2017 and July 2018, overshooting the threshold of zero rabies cases. Of the 938dog bite cases reported in the district, 263 were reported in Ward 30 and these included all the 4suspected rabies deaths reported in the district. This necessitated a study to assess risk factors for contracting rabies in Ward 30, Murewa. Methodology/ Principal findings A descriptive cross sectional survey was used for a retrospective analysis of a group of dog bite cases reported at Murewa Hospital, in Ward 30. Purposive sampling was used to select dog bite cases and snowball sampling was used to locate unvaccinated dogs and areas with jackal presence. The dog bite cases and relatives of rabies cases were interviewed using a piloted interviewer-administered questionnaire. Geographical Positioning System (GPS) coordinates of dog bite cases, vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs and jackal presence were collected using handheld GPS device. QGIS software was used to spatially analyse and map them. Dog owners were 10 times more likely to contract rabies compared to non-dog owners (RR = 10, 95% CI 1.06–93.7). Owners of unvaccinated dogs were 5 times more likely to contract rabies compared to owners of vaccinated dogs (RR = 5.01, 95% CI 0.53–47.31). Residents of the high density cluster (area with low cost houses and stand size of 300 square meters and below) were 64 times more likely to contract rabies compared to non-high density cluster residents (RR = 64.87, 95% CI 3.6039–1167.82). Participants who were not knowledgeable were 0.07 times more likely to contract rabies, compared to those who had knowledge about rabies. (RR = 0.07, 95% CI 0.004–1.25). Our study shows that the risk factors for contacting rabies included; low knowledge levels regarding rabies, dog ownership residing in the high density cluster, owning unvaccinated dogs and spatial overlap of jackal presence with unvaccinated dogs.

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