The relationship between anxious rearing behaviours and anxiety disorders symptomatology in normal children

The relationship between depression and stressors and the relationship between depression in children and depression in their parents were investigated. Depressed children aged 7–11 years (n=20) were compared with clinical non-depressed children (n=88) and normal children (n=55). Children, mothers and fathers in the three groups were tested. Measures included the Children's Depression Inventory, Recent Life Events Scale, Stressor Scale and Beck Depression Inventory. The findings showed that children and mothers in the depressed group reported more stressors than other children and other mothers while fathers of children in the depressed group did not report more stressors. The findings also showed that mothers of depressed children were more depressed than mothers of normal children while there were no differences between the scores of fathers in the three groups.

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The relationship between borderline personality disorder and anxiety disorders.

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry ◽

10.1111/j.1939-0025.1989.tb01681.x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 461-467 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jane Benjamin ◽

Kenneth R. Silk ◽

Naomi E. Lohr ◽

Drew Westen

Keyword(s):

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

The Relationship

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The Relationship Between Articulatory Deficits and Syntax in Speech Defective Children

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.1202.319 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 319-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Thomas H. Shriner ◽

Mary Sayre Holloway ◽

Raymond G. Daniloff

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

School Children ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Control Group ◽

Normal Children ◽

The Relationship ◽

Experimental Group

The relationship between articulatory deficits and the development of syntax in children with severe articulation problems was investigated. Subjects in the experimental group were 30 normal elementary school children, enrolled in grades one through three, who had severe problems with articulation. Thirty normal children, free from any articulation errors, served as a control group. Children with defective articulation performed significantly less well in the areas of grammatical usage, and used shorter sentences. The relationship between phonological and syntactical errors is discussed, with implications for therapy.

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SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULINS: I. LEVELS IN NORMAL CHILDREN AND IN UNCOMPLICATED CHILDHOOD ALLERGY

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.41.3.600 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 600-611

Author(s):

Rebecca H. Buckley ◽

Susan C. Dees ◽

W. Michael O'Fallon

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Normal Children ◽

Mean Values ◽

Serum Immunoglobulins ◽

Normal Individuals ◽

Contrast Analysis ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

In 201 normal individuals from infancy to adulthood, serum concentrations of immunoglobulins G, A, and M are presented as geometric mean values (mg/l00 ml) and as percents of adult mean values for each of these proteins. A statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between age and both IgG and IgA concentrations up to ages 6 and 7 years. No correlation was present between age and immunoglobulin concentrations beyond that time, suggesting that the adult concentrations of IgG and IgA are normally reached and maintained after ages 6 and 7 years. In contrast, analysis of the IgM data suggested that the adult value is reached by age 1 year. No truly significant differences were found in immunoglobulin concentrations which could be attributed to sex. Significantly higher concentrations of IgG were found in normal Negro than in normal Caucasian subjects after age 6 years, but no significant differences were found below this age for IgG or at any age for IgA and IgM. Similarly determined serum immunoglobulins in 85 allergic children, selected because they had no complicating illnesses, were compared with the normal group according to the age of the child. No significant differences were found in concentrations of either IgG or IgA. Some differences were found in IgM, but these were small and were primarily associated with the relationship of IgM to age in the allergic group.

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Comparison of McCarthy General Cognitive Index and Wisc-R IQ for Educable Mentally Retarded, Learning Disabled, and Normal Children

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1980.47.2.591 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 591-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jack A. Naglieri

Keyword(s):

Mentally Retarded ◽

Learning Disabled ◽

Full Scale ◽

Normal Children ◽

Three Samples ◽

The Mean ◽

Educable Mentally Retarded ◽

The Relationship ◽

Selection Of

The relationship between the McCarthy General Cognitive Index and the WISC-R Full Scale IQ was examined for 20 educable mentally retarded, 20 learning disabled, and 20 normal children aged 6 to 8½ yr. Selection of children was conducted so that the three groups would be comparable with res pea to age, sex, and race. The mean McCarthy Indexes for the retarded and learning disabled samples were significantly lower than the mean WISC-R Full Scale IQs. When the Index and Full Scale IQ were converted to a common metric and compared, the mean index for the retarded and learning disabled samples remained lower than the Full Scale IQs, although the differences were nonsignificant. The measures correlated significantly for all three samples and ranged from .51 to .82.

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Levels of the small insulin-like growth factor-binding protein are strongly related to those of insulin in prepubertal and pubertal children but only weakly so after puberty

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1210383 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 121 (2) ◽

pp. 383-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

J. M. P. Holly ◽

C. P. Smith ◽

D. B. Dunger ◽

J. A. Edge ◽

R. A. Biddlecombe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Pubertal Development ◽

Circadian Variation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Normal Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACT We have looked at the relationship between fasting levels of insulin and a small insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein (IBP-1) in a cross-sectional study of 116 normal subjects aged 5–48 years. The relationship between IBP-1 and insulin was also examined within individual normal children in over-night profiles of IBP-1 and insulin obtained from two children at each stage of puberty (Tanner stages 1–5). In the cross-sectional study high levels of IBP-1 were found in early childhood and these fell throughout puberty as fasting levels of insulin rose. Multiple regression analysis revealed that both these changes were predominantly due to pubertal development rather than to age. After the age of 16 IBP-1 levels remained low despite fasting insulin levels returning to prepubertal levels. A strong negative correlation was obtained between IBP-1 and insulin in children of 5–16 years (r = −0·63; n = 60; P <0·001), no such relationship being found after the age of 16. In the second study, IBP-1 underwent a marked circadian variation in all cases and an inverse correlation with insulin, measured at the same time, was obtained at pubertal stages 1 to 4, but not at stage 5 (pooled data stages 1–4, r = −0·69; n = 53; P <0·001). We have demonstrated that a potential inhibitor of IGF-activity is inversely related to insulin throughout the period of active GH-related growth and that this relationship weakens after puberty. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 121, 383–387

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Relation between Parental Interpersonal Styles and Their Children's Psychological Distance

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1971.29.3f.1263 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1263-1275 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alexander Tolor ◽

Mark Warren ◽

Howard M. Weinick

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distance ◽

Interpersonal Distance ◽

Same Sex ◽

Normal Children ◽

Life Styles ◽

Past Life ◽

History Of ◽

Two Measures ◽

The Relationship ◽

Matched Samples

The relationship between parental past-life styles of varying degrees of closeness or distance to others and children's interpersonal distance patterns was investigated by means of the History of Interpersonal Distance (Mottola, 1968) scale and two measures based on Kuethe's (1962) social schemata technique. Two groups of children, a clinic population of 33 Ss and a normal group of 203 Ss, and at least the mothers (sometimes also the fathers) of each child participated. Comparisons between the two groups were based on matched samples of 33 children in each group. Normal children exhibited on some measures a pattern of psychological distance opposite from that of their parents of the same sex. The disturbed children tended to have a psychological distance that differed from that of the composite of both of their parents. There was no evidence of a greater correlation between child and same-sex parent for disturbed children than for normals. However, there was some indication of a greater degree of social closeness in the history of parents of normal children compared with the parents of the disturbed group. Normal and disturbed children did not produce different distance patterns.

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