Endocytosis of latex beads by the exopinacoderm in the fresh water sponge Ephydatia fluviatilis: An in vitro and in situ study in SEM and TEM

1982 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ph. Willenz ◽  
G. Van de Vyver
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Sem And Tem ◽  
Latex Beads ◽  
Ephydatia Fluviatilis

The Erosive Potential of Different Malt Drinks: An in vitro and in situ study

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esber Çaglar ◽  
Sule Kavaloglu Cildir ◽  
Nuket Sandalli
Keyword(s):  
Potential Effect ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Water Control ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Spring ◽  
Erosive Effect

Objectives: Whereas the potential effect of acidic drinks in the etiology of dental erosion is well recognized the role of malt drinks is unclear. The primary aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro erosive effect on enamel produced by different aromated malt drinks. A secondary objective was to compare their erosive effects in situ with those determined in vitro. Materials and methods: To select the malt drink for the study in situ, six commercially available malt drinks were examined for erosive potential in vitro. The study in situ was a single centre, 2-period, 2-treatment crossover study to compare the erosive effect of a commercially available malt drink (Test), with that of natural spring water (Control), over 10 day periods on 10 healthy volunteers. Subjects wore upper removable appliances containing two human enamel specimens from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The regimen of intake of the drinks was 250 ml at midday. Measurements of enamel loss were made on samples after 5 and 10 days by profilometry. Results: The in situ study showed a statistically significant difference in erosive potential between the test and control beverages. No specimen exposed to the control beverage displayed appreciable erosion. Erosion occurred with the test drink, but to a variable degree between subjects. Conclusions: Malt drinks should be considered as potentially erosive as the results for enamel specimens exposed to the test beverage in the clinical study showed a degree of erosion that varied greatly between different participants. It is likely that under these conditions an increase in the degree of erosion would be observed in children and young people who consume malt drinks.

scholarly journals Protective effect of green tea catechins on eroded human dentin: an in vitro/in situ study

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Denise Rodrigues DE MORAES ◽  
Vanara Florêncio PASSOS ◽  
Gislaine Cristina PADOVANI ◽  
Lady Clarissa Brito da Rocha BEZERRA ◽  
Ilka Maria VASCONCELOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Tea Catechins ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Green Tea Catechins ◽  
Human Dentin

scholarly journals Effect of different storage conditions on the physical properties of bleached enamel: An in vitro vs. in situ study

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1154-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Zeczkowski ◽  
Livia Maria Andaló Tenuta ◽  
Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar ◽  
Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
In Situ Study

Evaluation of Laser Fluorescence in the Monitoring of the Initial Stage of the De-/Remineralization Process: An in vitro and in situ Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Spiguel ◽  
M.F. Tovo ◽  
P.F. Kramer ◽  
K.S. Franco ◽  
K.M.R.P. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Fluorescence ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Initial Stage

Frequency of Application of AmF/NaF/SnCl2 Solution and Its Potential in Controlling Human Enamel Erosion Progression: An in situ Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.V. da Silva ◽  
T.M. Ramos-Oliveira ◽  
T.F. Mantilla ◽  
P.M. de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Acid Ph ◽  
Human Enamel

Although several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution in inhibiting dental erosion progression, measures for further improvement in its effectiveness are paramount. Thus, this in situ study evaluated whether the protective effect promoted by the AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution would be enhanced by increasing its frequency of use. The study was conducted with 12 volunteers, a 4-phase (5 days each) randomized, crossover model. Extraoral erosive challenges (0.5% citric acid, pH 2.6, 6 × 2 min/day) and rinsing protocol (1 or 2 × 2 min/day) were performed. Before the in situ phase, human enamel samples were subjected to an in vitro surface softening (1% citric acid, pH 4.0, for 3 min). Four treatment protocols were tested using samples in replicas (n = 12): group G1 - deionized water (negative control); G2 - NaF solution (positive control, 500 ppm F-, pH 4.5); G3 - AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution (500 ppm F-, 800 ppm Sn2+, pH 4.5) once a day; G4 - AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution twice a day. Tissue loss and morphological changes were determined by optical profilometry (n = 12) and scanning electron microscopy (n = 3) analysis, respectively. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA with subsequent pairwise comparison of treatments. Tissue loss means (±SD in µm) for each treatment protocol and statistical differences were found as follows: G1 4.55 ± 2.75, G2 4.59 ± 2.13, G3 2.64 ± 1.55, and G4 1.34 ± 1.16. Although there was no difference between the 2 AmF/NaF/SnCl2 solution application regimens (once or twice a day), application of the product twice a day was the only treatment that was able to control erosion progression, differing from the control groups.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Botrytis cinerea by Volatiles of ‘Isabella’ Grapes

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 924-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni K. Kulakiotu ◽  
Constantine C. Thanassoulopoulos ◽  
Evangelos M. Sfakiotakis
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Vitis Labrusca ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Antifungal Action

The effect of volatiles from cv. Isabella (Vitis labrusca) on the growth of Botrytis cinerea was tested in vitro and in situ, in the latter case on ‘Roditis’ grapes (V. vinifera), at various temperatures. The goal of the research was to determine whether the volatiles emitted by Isabella grapes could be effective biocontrol agents of Botrytis cinerea. The closed Mariotte system was used as a bioassay method to analyze quantitatively the biological action of these volatiles on fungal growth and disease development. The in vitro experiments revealed the inhibitory action of the Isabella volatiles on the sporulation and sclerotia formation of the fungus, as well as the stimulating action of the Roditis volatiles on the sporulation of the fungus. The in situ study confirmed the antifungal action of the Isabella volatiles as they reduced the inoculum and pathogenicity of B. cinerea. The antibiotic action was more pronounced at 21°C. The study indicates that Isabella volatiles act as biocontrol agents of B. cinerea.

scholarly journals In Situ Investigation of the Remineralizing Effect of Saliva and Fluoride on Enamel Following Prophylaxis Using Sodium Bicarbonate

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 040-046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladis Benjamina Grazziotin ◽  
Daniela Rios ◽  
Heitor Marques Honório ◽  
Salete Moura Bonifácio Silva ◽  
José Eduardo Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Surface Wear ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Enamel Structure ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
Paired T Test

ABSTRACTObjectives: This in situ study evaluated the effect of saliva, associated or not with fluoride, on enamel previously submitted to prophylaxis using sodium bicarbonate. Methods: The study was conducted on enamel blocks submitted to in vitro prophylaxis using sodium bicarbonate. The blocks were randomly divided into 2 groups (G1/G2) and mounted on intraoral appliances wore by 10 volunteers. G1 blocks were directly exposed to saliva in situ, while blocks in G2 were exposed to saliva with fluoride (rinsing with 0.2% NaF solution during the initial minute). Enamel alterations were evaluated using surface microhardness and profilometry. Enamel hardness data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests and surface wear was evaluated using paired t test (P<.05). Results: No significant differences were found between G1 and G2 for enamel hardness and wear. The wear after prophylaxis was not different from the wear after the in situ stage. Baseline mean values of enamel hardness, after prophylaxis and after the in situ stage were 340±16.6, 329±35.7 and 354±37.8 for G1 and 338±15.6, 312±46.3 and 340±21.8 for G2, respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that saliva alone exhibited a similar effect to saliva associated with fluoride; after 4h of in situ remineralization, there was no recovery in height of the enamel structure that had been lost due to the application of sodium bicarbonate. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:40-46)

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