Comparison of the Hypomania Check List-32 scale with the Mood Disorder Questionnaire on Spanish Sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
E. Vieta ◽  
A. Martinez-Aran ◽  
J. Sanchez-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Psychiatric Syndrome ◽  
The Right

Hypomania is perhaps the most difficult psychiatric syndrome to rule out retrospectively. However, the retrospective detection of hypomania is crucial for a correct diagnosis of bipolar disorder, and particularly bipolar II, and for the implementation of the right pharmacological treatment. Unfortunatelly, still nowadays, the misdiagnosis of bipolar II disorder as unipolar depression is very frequent, and may carry serious consequences for the patients. The availability of a good screening tool for past hypomania episodes would be extremely helpful.The psychometric study of the development of the HCL-32 scale in Spain exhibits high internal consistency and similar stability over time, in comparison with other instruments such as the MDQ and suggests that this scale may be very useful for the detection of bipolar disorder and past hypomania.The results of our study suggest the usefulness of the HCL-32 to screen out previous hypomanic symptoms in psychiatric patients, thus leading to better detection results than with the MDQ, although with the possibility of obtaining more false positives. HCL-32 has been shown to be a useful instrument for the detection of hypomania in patients with an affective disorder. The Spanish version exhibits good psychometric properties in relation to sensitivity and specificity. Given the difficulties involved in both the retrospective and cross-sectional diagnosis of hypomania, a key aspect of appropriate management of bipolar disorders, this questionnaire represents a potential improvement in clinicians’ ability to detect and correctly treat bipolar disorder, and in some aspects such as internal consistency, obtains better results than the MDQ.

Comorbidity of bipolar disorder and bulimia nervosa

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-317
Author(s):  
H Verdoux ◽  
M Mury ◽  
M Bourgeois
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bipolar Ii

SummaryThe association of eating disorders and bipolar disorders is less documented than the well-established association of eating disorders and unipolar depression. However, epidemiological studies have demonstrated an increased risk for bipolar disorders, especially bipolar II, in bulimic patients. We report the case of a patient displaying such a morbid association.

Bipolar fuzzy soft mappings with application to bipolar disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 1950080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Syeda Tayyba Tehrim
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Soft Set ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theoretical Results

Bipolar disorder is a neurological disorder that consists of two main factors, i.e. mania and depression. There are two main drawbacks in clinical diagnosis of the bipolar disorder. First, bipolar disorder is mostly wrongly diagnosed as unipolar depression in clinical diagnosis. This is, because in clinical diagnosis, the first factor is often neglected due to its approach toward positivity. Consequently, the element of bipolarity vanishes and the disease becomes worse. Second, the types of bipolar disorder are mostly misdiagnosed due to similar symptoms. To overcome these problems, the bipolar fuzzy soft set (BFS-set) and bipolar fuzzy soft mappings (BFS-mappings) are useful to tackle bipolarity and to construct a strong mathematical modeling process to diagnose this disease correctly. This technique is extensive but simple as compared to existing medical diagnosis methods. A chart (relation between different types and symptoms of bipolar disorder) is provided which contains different ranges over the interval [Formula: see text]. A process of BFS-mappings is also provided to obtain correct diagnosis and to suggest the best treatment. Lastly, a generalized BFS-mapping is introduced which is helpful to keep patient’s improvement record. The case study indicates the reliability, efficiency and capability of the achieved theoretical results. Further, it reveals that the connection of soft set with bipolar fuzzy set is fruitful to construct a connection between symptoms which minimize the complexity of the case study.

scholarly journals Relapse and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Bipolar Disorders in Central Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Habte Belete ◽  
Tilahun Ali ◽  
Getasew Legas ◽  
Lenin Pavon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Ethiopia

Background. Bipolar disorder is a severe mental illness and has huge morbidity and mortality. Relapse is a challenging treatment failure in patients with mental illness, especially in patients with bipolar which causes high economic and social burdens. In the mental health delivery system, relapse is common and can be defined as becoming ill again after apparent recovery and a worsening condition of psychiatric patients. Due to psychiatric patients that may stop medication on their own in contrary to the advice of mental health professionals, relapse of mood episodes, delayed remission, and residual symptoms usually leads to hospitalization, increased suicide risk, and/or impede psychosocial recover. Therefore, understanding the nature of relapse in patients in low-income countries helps to prevent recurrence and related health care expenses. Objective. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with relapse among patients with bipolar disorders in central Ethiopia. Method. Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2015 at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital. Relapse was calculated among 400 samples of people with bipolar disorder, and systematic random sampling was used to select the study participants. Oslo’s social support scale and ASSIST were used to identify factors with relapse, and a binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis model was performed to control the confounding factors. Odds ratios (OR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were determined to evaluate the strength of association. Results. The prevalence of relapse was 71% among patients with bipolar disorder. The longer morbidity (longer than 5 years) had a higher risk of relapse [ adjusted   odd   ratio   AOR = 3.91 , 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.44 to 6.27], while good medication adherence found to be a protective factor for relapse [ AOR = 0.39 , 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.72]. Conclusion. The prevalence of relapse was found pretty high among patients with bipolar disorders (71%). Working on treatment adherence and controlling the psychopathology is important to prevent relapse among bipolar patients.

scholarly journals Hypomanic Symptoms in Female Undergraduate Students Diagnosed with Unipolar Depression Based on Scores on the Hypomania Checklist

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Richardson ◽  
Hugh Garavan
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii

Background: A number of studies have documented high levels of hypomanic symptoms in those diagnosed with depression, suggesting a potential misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder as unipolar depression. Research suggests that undergraduate students have high levels of depression, but whether such misdiagnosis occurs in this population has not been examined. The aim of this study was therefore to examine levels of hypomania in undergraduate students reporting diagnosed depression. Methods: An international sample of undergraduate students completed the 32-item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32). A cohort was analysed for this study, consisting of female undergraduate students reporting a formal diagnosis of depression (n=28). Results: Participants scored high on the HCL-32, with a mean total score of 19.9 (SD=5.4) out of 32. Overall, 85.7% (n=24) scored equal to or above the original cut off point of 14 suggested for bipolar II disorder. Conclusions: Two possible conclusions are suggested by this study. Firstly, there are high levels of hypomanic symptoms in undergraduate students diagnosed with depression, suggesting that a formal diagnosis of bipolar disorder should be pursued in those with high scores. Alternatively, the cut-off points previously suggested for the HCL-32 may not be accurate for use with undergraduate students.

scholarly journals Psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder: Two years’ retrospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Baikuntha Raj Adhikari ◽  
S Mishra ◽  
S Nepal ◽  
N Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Mixed Episode ◽  
Auditory Verbal Hallucinations ◽  
Primary Substance

Background: Psychosis in bipolar disorder is common but still not well understood. There is paucity of literature from our country and none from this institute which serves the eastern part of Nepal.Objective: To describe the hallucinations and delusions in bipolar disorders in our place.Methods: Patients-record files of bipolar disorders with psychosis discharged in two years’ time from 2012 to 2014 were analysed. Patients with unipolar depression, recurrent depressive disorder, serious organic illness, and primary substance use disorders were excluded. Information was collected in a structured performa. Association of delusion and hallucination was observed.Results: During the study period, ninety-five patients with bipolardisorder had psychosis. Hallucination was present in 29 (30.5%) cases, and out of these 23 (79.3%) were cases of mania. In 26 (89.7%) patients, the hallucinations were mood congruent. The median duration of appearance of hallucination was 10 days and appeared early in mania. Among hallucinations, auditory verbal hallucinations were present in all 29 patients. Delusions were present in 77 (81.1%) of patients, and grandiose delusions were the most common. Grandiose delusions tended to occur even in the absence of hallucinations. Conclusion: Psychosis is common in bipolar disorder. Grandiose delusions are the most common delusion and are relatively independent of hallucination. The auditory verbal hallucinations are the most common type of hallucination. Hallucinations in mania tend to manifest earlier than in bipolar depression and mixed episode, and most of the hallucinations in bipolar disorder are mood congruent. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (1): 49-57

Comparative Analysis of Spouse’s Burden and Quality of Life in Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar I Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Nayereh Maleki ◽  
Effat Sadeghian ◽  
Farshid Shamsaei ◽  
Lily Tapak ◽  
Ali Ghaleiha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Coping Skill ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Spouses of patients with bipolar disorder may experience a different quality of life and burden than seen with major depressive disorder. Objective: This study was conducted to comparatively analyse spouse’s burden and quality of life in major depressive and bipolar disorders. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 220 spouses of patients with major depressive and bipolar disorders in the city of Hamadan in Iran, in 2018. Data collection tools included Zarit Burden and QOL-BREF questionnaires. Data were analyzed by a t-test using SPSS -16. Results: The findings showed that 11.8% of spouses of patients with depression and 85.5% of spouses of patients with bipolar disorder experienced severe burden (P < 0.001). The quality of life of spouses of patients with bipolar disorder was lower than with depressive disorder (P < 0.05). In both the groups, a negative correlation was found between burden and QOL. Conclusion: The spouses of patients with bipolar disorder experience more burden and lower quality of life than depression. In both the groups, burden has a negative impact on the quality of life. Professional help and supportive intervention can be provided to the spouses of patients with major depressive and bipolar I disorders to reduce their burden, strengthen their coping skill and thus improve their QOL.

FC22-01 - Suicide risk during antiepileptic drugs treatment in bipolar disorders, unipolar depression and epilepsy

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1934-1934
Author(s):  
M. Pompili
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Us Fda ◽  
Ongoing Assessment

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are receiving growing attention for possible association with suicidal risk. Several recent studies using varied methods have yielded inconsistent findings regarding risk of suicides and other self-injurious violent acts, particularly with specific AEDs. Suicidal risk may reflect high risks of co-morbid psychiatric conditions associated with suicide that call for routine consideration in epileptic patients. However, the studies involved are limited by providing associational findings that may be confounded by several uncontrolled variables. The reported apparent suicidal risk (US-FDA, 2008) was found with highly pharmaco-dynamically heterogeneous anticonvulsants as a group, and significantly only among epileptic patients. Three AEDs appear among three highest-risk agents in at least 2/6 reported analyses: levetiracetam (5/6 studies) > lamotrigine (3/6) = topiramate (3/6), although only topiramate has been associated with new clinical depression, and the three drugs differ in pharmacodynamic mechanisms. The evidence on this point remains very limited, but some anticonvulsants may reduce risk of suicides and attempts among patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder, though perhaps less than by long-term treatment with lithium. For now, however, clinical prudence calls for routine, ongoing assessment of mood and suicidal thoughts among neurological or psychiatric patients, whether or not treated with particular drugs. This presentation reports a metanalytic investigation related to AEDs involving mood. Based on the recent research reviewed here, particular care, as well as further research, are indicated for levetiracetam and perhaps also lamotrigine and topiramate.

Migraine headache and bipolar disorder comorbidity: A systematic review of the literature and clinical implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael J. Leo ◽  
Joshna Singh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii

AbstractBackground and aimsPsychiatric disorders, e.g., depression, are often comorbid with, and can complicate the treatment of, patients with migraine headache. Although empirical work has increasingly focused on the association between migraine and bipolar disorder, this topic has received little attention in the pain literature. Bipolar disorder is a chronic and recurrent mood disorder characterized by cyclic occurrence of elevated (i.e., manic or hypomanic) and depressed mood states. Bipolar I disorder is diagnosed when patients present with at least one abnormally and persistently elevated manic episode; bipolar II disorder is characterized by the presence of hypomanic episodes. Bipolar disorder warrants attention as depressive phases of the disorder can prevail and are often misconstrued by the unwary clinician as unipolar depression. However, treatment for bipolar disorder is distinct from that of unipolar depression and use of antidepressants, which are often invoked in migraine prophylaxis as well as the treatment of depression, may precipitate significant mood changes among bipolar disorder patients. A systematic review of the literature addressing the co-occurrence of bipolar disorder and migraine was conducted. The treatment of dually affected patients is also discussed.MethodsIn order to review the literature to date on migraine and bipolar disorder co-occurrence, a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL for clinic-based and epidemiological studies was conducted using terms related to migraine and bipolar disorder. Studies were selected for review if they included subjects meeting validated diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder as well as migraine headache and if a quantitative description of prevalence rates of comorbid bipolar disorder and migraine were reported. Weighted means of the prevalence rates were calculated to compare with general epidemiological prevalence trends for migraine and bipolar disorder, respectively.ResultsEleven studies met inclusion criteria. Although findings were constrained by methodological limitations and several low quality studies, clinic- and epidemiological cross-sectional investigations demonstrated a high rate of comorbidity between bipolar disorder and migraine. The weighted mean prevalence rate for migraine headache among bipolar disorder patients was 30.7%; for bipolar disorder among migraineurs, the weighted mean prevalence rates were 9% and 5.9% in clinic-based and epidemiological studies, respectively. The association between bipolar disorder and migraine was most notable among women and patients with the bipolar II disorder subtype.ConclusionsHigh rates of comorbidity exist between migraine and bipolar disorder, exceeding estimated prevalence rates for those conditions in the general population. Comorbidity may portend a more serious clinical course for dually afflicted individuals.ImplicationsClinicians need to structure treatment approaches to address concurrent migraine and bipolar disorder in dually afflicted individuals. Although further evidence-based investigation is warranted to inform optimal treatment approaches for both conditions concurrently, anticonvulsants (e.g., valproate, lamotrigine and topiramate); atypical antipsychotics (e.g., olanzapine or quetiapine); and calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil) may be considered.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic measurement of cerebral gamma-aminobutyric acid concentrations in patients with bipolar disorders

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po W. Wang ◽  
Napapon Sailasuta ◽  
Rebecca A. Chandler ◽  
Terence A. Ketter
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Gabaergic Neurotransmission ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Cr Concentration

Background:Animal models of depression and psychopharmacological mechanisms of action suggest the importance of the gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) system in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Mood stabilizers have overlapping effects on GABAergic neurotransmission, and antidepressant use has been associated with alterations in GABAB receptor function. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides an opportunity to noninvasively assess cerebral GABA concentrations in anterior paralimbic circuits that have been implicated in mood disorders.Methods:In bipolar disorder patients and healthy control subjects, we used MRS with a modified GABA-edited point resolved spectroscopy sequence (TE 68 ms, TR 1500 ms, 512 averages, total scan time 26 min) to assess GABA in an 18-cm3 occipital voxel. In addition, in another cohort of bipolar disorder patients and healthy control subjects, we similarly assessed GABA in a 12.5-cm3 medial prefrontal/anterior cingulate (MPF/AC) voxel. The concentration of GABA was referenced to creatine (Cr) from unedited spectra.Results:In bipolar patients and controls, we consistently detected 3.0 p.p.m. GABA peaks in occipital lobe and MPF/AC. In 16 bipolar (nine bipolar I and seven bipolar II) disorder patients, compared with six healthy control subjects, mean occipital GABA/Cr concentration was 61% higher. In addition, in 15 bipolar (five bipolar I, nine bipolar II, and one bipolar not otherwise specified) disorder patients, compared with six healthy control subjects, mean MPF/AC GABA/Cr concentration tended to be 41% higher.Conclusions:Patients with bipolar disorders may have increased cerebral GABA concentrations. Although this was more evident in the occipital lobe, MPC/AC GABA disturbance may be of greater potential interest in view the more established role of MPF/AC in affective processing. Additional studies are warranted to assess changes in GABAergic neurotransmission and the influences of diagnosis, mood state, and medication status in bipolar disorder patients.

Subthreshold Manifestations of Bipolar Disorders as Health Care’s tool

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Mazza ◽  
D. Harnic ◽  
G. Marano ◽  
V. Catalano ◽  
L. Janiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Disorder Type

Introdution:Our study represents a pilot evaluation about how the MOOD-SR recognizes subthreshold manifestations that may be associated with clinical symptomatology in a group of bipolar patients.Methods:At Day Hospital of Psychiatry, Policlinico “A. Gemelli”, Bipolar Disorders Unit, it has been conducted an experimental study on a heterogeneous sample of 24 patients with a diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder type I. Patients have been assessed with the MOOD-SR, a clinical self-reported interview, that is specific for the spectrum of subthreshold pathology, and with the Quality of Life (QoL), that investigates the patient's quality of life.Results:We have found that 16 patients on 24 report a score higher than 60 (68,4%). Among these, 10 female patients on 15 have a total score higer than 61 (68.75%) while 6 male patients on 9 obtain a total score higher than 60 (62,5%). However, these results have only preliminary value, further studies are needed in order to obtain a deeper evaluation.Conclusion:Spectrum manifestations are both indicator of course and response to treatment and predictive for relapse. This finding may represent an important preventive instrument for maniacal relapse in patients with Bipolar Disorder, that is often underdiagnosed or confused for Unipolar Depression. By adequately recognizing the problem we will be able to refine diagnosis and individualize therapy.

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