scholarly journals Comorbidity in Schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A. Chinchilla ◽  
M. Vega ◽  
A. Cebollada ◽  
T. Alvarez ◽  
M. Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Dual Pathology ◽  
Medical Status ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Introduction:The coexistence of comorbidity in schizophrenia (somatic, dual pathology, personality…) can conditionate evolution and prognosis in this severe mental illness, those aspects should be taken in account to planify treatments and follow up issues.Objective:We are interested in this work in evaluate previous and developed comorbidity in schizophrenic patients; we also analyzed comorbidity consequences in clinical, therapeutical management, treatment adherence, relapses and hospitalizations.Material and method:In 50 Schizophrenic patients (DSM-IV TR Diagnostic criteria) with at least one previous psychotic episode we have studied longitudinal and transversally sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutical variables, related comorbidity (somatic, drugs related and dual pathology) and evolution, prognosis, clinical, treatment adherence and tolerance variables were also studied. We also evaluate psychopathologic and medical status (EEG, EKG, Chest RX, BMI, body weight, general analysis) secondary effects were registered. Uxue and CGI were the scales used.Results:Between 20% and 25% had other medical conditions, and 25-30% had some kind of drug abuse, those were who had worse prognosis, more secondary effects and usually were treated with classic antipsychotics.Conclusions:The results are discussed, and we propose integrative treatments for schizophrenia and the co morbidities, focusing on affectivity and tolerance.

is the Brief Psychotic Disorder a Distinct Nosologic Entity?: A Longitudinal Study of 80 Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
L. Rodriguez Incio ◽  
I. Grande Fullana ◽  
V. Sánchez Gistau ◽  
M. Bernardo Arroyo ◽  
E. Parellada Rodón
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Inpatient Service ◽  
Brief Psychotic Disorder ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Nosologic Entity

Introduction:The DSM-IV-TR category “brief psychotic disorder” includes different concepts that have been defined before like bouffée délirante, cycloid psychosis and “acute and transient psychosis” in the last ICD-10. Limited prospective studies have been done, and they all show a marked diagnostic instability during follow-up. According to that, its independent nosologic entity is still uncertain.Aims:To determine the diagnostic stability of the brief psychotic disorders as well as their distinct clinical features.Method:Observational, retrospective, longitudinal study of 80 consecutive patients admitted at the acute psychiatric inpatient service of a general hospital between 2000 and 2006. at discharge, all of them fulfilled diagnostic criteria for “brief psychotic disorder” according to DSM-IV. Demographic and psychopathological data were analysed.Results:Mean age (SD) was 31.3 (9.5), most of them women (63%). the most frequent previous stressor was related to labour, while up to 45% didn't report any. 51% had no psychiatric family history. 15 (19%) patients previously had a brief psychotic episode. Psychopathological disturbances identified were: thought disorder 69%, anxiety 66.6%, insomnia 57.7%, suspiciousness 53.5%, rapidly changing delusions 53.3% (paranoid contents 75.3%), perplexity 46.5%, auditory hallucinations 45.1%, mood lability 36.6%, elation 23.9%, depressed mood 22.5% and irritability 12.7%. in the 24 month follow-up, 32.5% changed diagnosis to schizophrenia, 3"9% to schizoaffective, 10% to bipolar disorder and 16.9% achieved clinical remission. 28.5% were lost to follow-up.Conclusion:“Brief psychotic disorder” category is still uncertain and more data may be necessary to clarify if it should remain as a distinct nosologic entity.

Effect of metformin treatment on metabolic parameters in atypical antipsychotic-treated schizophrenic patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S549-S549
Author(s):  
V. Prisco ◽  
S. Sorice ◽  
F. Franza ◽  
M. Fabrazzo
Keyword(s):  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Competing Interest

Few studies have compared the effect of Metformin treatment on metabolic parameters in atypical antipsychotic-treated schizophrenic patients. The present study examined metabolic abnormalities due to clozapine or olanzapine in schizophrenic patients and, secondly, the effect of metformin treatment on these parameters. Twenty-six patients (19 M and 7 F) from neuropsychiatric nursing home “Villa dei pini” (Avellino) were enrolled, in collaboration with our Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN. All patients had been diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. They were recruited from July 2013 to January 2015. Clozapine or olanzapine-related hyperglycemia required metformin introduction in therapy. All prescribed drugs were maintained at the same therapeutic daily dose during our study. We performed 1, 3 and 6 months follow up after metformin initiation. For each patient fasting cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were evaluated. SPSS 16.0 (Statistical Package for Social Science) was used for data analysis. After antipsychotic treatment BMI, fasting glucose and triglycerides were significantly higher respect to basal values (P < 0.01, P < 0.0001, P < 0.05, respectively). After metformin treatment, a significant improvement in fasting glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides was registered (P < 0.001). Conversely, BMI values, although not significant (P < 0.168), showed a trend in increasing. This observational study underlines that metformin in antipsychotic-treated patients could be useful in preventing clozapine or olanzapine related metabolic abnormalities in schizophrenic patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Gender related differences in demographic and clinical manifestations in patients suffering from various subtypes of schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Gorana Sulejmanpašić Arslanagić
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Male Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

Introduction: Schizophrenia is devastating neuropsychiatric disorder that has no clearly identified etiology. The subtypes of schizophrenia are distinguished by the prevalent symptomatology. The aim of this study was to determine gender related differences in demographic and clinical manifestations in patients suffering from various subtypes of schizophrenia.Methods: A longitudinal, prospective,original,clinical investigation first in our local area, with application of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) was used in this work. The study included 121 patients during five years period. Patients were recruited as consecutive admissions to the Psychiatric clinic, from all parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, mostly Sarajevo region.Results: The study was conducted on a group of schizophrenic patients which consisted of 52.1% male and 47.9% female patients. Average duration of the episode was about a month. Majority of patients (male) were in the group of disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia. The duration of current psychotic episode was similar in all three groups regarding subtypes of schizophrenia. Psychotic episodes appear equally in both gender (higher in disorganized group) with a statistically significant difference between all groups (p<0.001).Conclusions: Male group patients showed tendency to be younger than women. Most of the schizophrenic individuals start to suffer from this disease between age of 20 and 39 years. Male group patients suffered mostly of disorganized (hebephrenic) type of schizophrenia. Duration of psychotic episode was proportionally the same in both groups while in male group the highest number of episodes was found in group of disorganized schizophrenia.

Lameness in weaned pigs associated with tetracycline overdose

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
P. Wolf ◽  
J. Kamphues ◽  
E. Grosse Beilage ◽  
V. Gotter
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Weaned Pigs

SummaryOn a piglet producing farm severe lameness was observed in pigs which had been weaned 3 weeks and longer due to severe distortions of joints and claws of fore and/or hind legs. Splaying of claws as well as flexural limb deformations particularly in the carpal joints increased in degree the older and heavier the pigs were. Because of coughing in the weaners, which had started 7–8 weeks before any lameness or limb deformation had been apparent, tetracycline was applied via water as medication. During the course of an on-site investigation, a miscalculation of dosage – 129–168 mg tetracycline per kg body weight – was revealed. It was therefore suggested to the farmer and his veterinarian to immediately stop the application of tetracycline and to use a different antibiotic against the still present coughing and sneezing. During a follow-up evaluation 4 weeks later, the farmer reported a significant decrease in affected animals. While a direct correlation between the lameness in the weaned pigs and the tetracycline dosage could not be proven, the existing evidence supports the theory that the overdosage was at least a contributing factor.

Effectiveness of Dulaglutide in the Real World and in Special Populations of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. e2617-e2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Luca Morieri ◽  
Vera Frison ◽  
Mauro Rigato ◽  
Michele D’Ambrosio ◽  
Federica Tadiotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Real World ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Abstract Context In randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (GLP-RA) dulaglutide reduced HbA1c and body weight, but generalizability of such findings to real-world T2D patients is challenging. Objective We evaluated effectiveness of dulaglutide in routine clinical practice, especially in subgroups of patient that are underrepresented in RCTs. Design Retrospective multicenter study. Setting Diabetes outpatient clinics. Patients and intervention All consecutive patients who initiated dulaglutide between 2015 and 2018. Main outcome measures Changes in HbA1c and body weight were assessed up to 30 months after baseline. Effectiveness was analyzed in patient subgroups according to: prior use of GLP-1RA, persistence on treatment and dose, age, sex, disease duration, renal function, obesity, cardiovascular disease, or concomitant use of insulin or sulphonylurea. Results From a background population of 83,116 patients, 2084 initiated dulaglutide (15.3% switching from another GLP-1RA), 1307 of whom had at least 1 follow-up visit. Overall, dulaglutide reduced HbA1c by 1.0% and body weight by 2.9 kg at the end of observation. These effects were more pronounced in GLP-1RA-naïve patients and in those with shorter disease duration. Improvement in HbA1c was highly significant and consistent across all subgroups, including those aged ≥ 75 years, nonobese, or with chronic kidney disease. Body weight declined in all subgroups and significantly more with the 1.5-mg versus 0.75-mg dose. Conclusions In real-world T2D patients, effectiveness of dulaglutide on HbA1c and body weight reduction was highly consistent and significant even in subgroups of patients poorly represented in RCTs.

scholarly journals Impact of modification to DSM-5 criterion A for hypomania/mania in newly diagnosed bipolar patients: findings from the prospective BIO study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette U. Fredskild ◽  
Sharleny Stanislaus ◽  
Klara Coello ◽  
Sigurd A. Melbye ◽  
Hanne Lie Kjærstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Young Mania ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Criterion A ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Bipolar Type ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Abstract Background DSM-IV states that criterion A for diagnosing hypomania/mania is mood change. The revised DSM-5 now states that increased energy or activity must be present alongside mood changes to diagnose hypomania/mania, thus raising energy/activity to criterion A. We set out to investigate how the change in criterion A affects the diagnosis of hypomanic/manic visits in patients with a newly diagnosed bipolar disorder. Results In this prospective cohort study, 373 patients were included (median age = 32; IQR, 27–40). Women constituted 66% (n = 245) of the cohort and 68% of the cohort (n = 253) met criteria for bipolar type II, the remaining patients were diagnosed bipolar type I. Median number of contributed visits was 2 per subject (IQR, 1–3) and median follow-up time was 3 years (IQR, 2–4). During follow-up, 127 patients had at least one visit with fulfilled DSM-IV criterion A. Applying DSM-5 criterion A reduced the number of patients experiencing a hypomanic/manic visit by 62% at baseline and by 50% during longitudinal follow-up, compared with DSM-IV criterion A. Fulfilling DSM-5 criterion A during follow-up was associated with higher modified young mania rating scale score (OR = 1.51, CL [1.34, 1.71], p < 0.0001) and increased number of visits contributed (OR = 1.86, CL [1.52, 2.29], p < 0.0001). Conclusion Applying the stricter DSM-5 criterion A in a cohort of newly diagnosed bipolar patients reduced the number of patients experiencing a hypomanic/manic visit substantially, and was associated with higher overall young mania rating scale scores, compared with DSM-IV criterion A. Consequently, fewer hypomanic/manic visits may be detected in newly diagnosed bipolar patients with applied DSM-5 criterion A, and the upcoming ICD-11, which may possibly result in longer diagnostic delay of BD as compared with the DSM-IV.

Complications and Sequelae in Patients With Congenital Microcephaly Associated With Zika Virus Infection: Two-Year Follow-Up

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382098316
Author(s):  
Luane A. Gouvea ◽  
Marlos Martins ◽  
Daniela Vivacqua ◽  
Julia Rosseto ◽  
Giulia Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Global Developmental Delay ◽  
Spastic Diplegia ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Congenital Microcephaly ◽  
Auditory Impairment ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Background: We aim to describe the long term follow-up of a cohort of children exposed in utero to the Zika virus. Methods: Descriptive study of a cohort of microcephalic children due to Zika virus. Logistic regression was used to evaluate variables associated with worse prognosis epilepsy. Results: We followed 28 children (15 females), with a median follow-up of 24 months (IQR = 12-28). During the follow-up, 1 infant died. The median head circumference at birth was 29 cm (IQR = 27-31). All presented a global developmental delay. The most frequent central nervous system abnormalities were on cortical development in 22 participants; dysgenesis of corpus callosum in 13; ventriculomegaly in 25; and calcifications in 24. A total of 9 presented ocular abnormalities, 4 auditory impairment. During follow-up, 12 presented with sleep disorders, 10 with irritability, and 23 with epilepsy (2 with generalized tonic-clonic, 3 with generalized tonic-clonic and spasms, 12 with spasms, 3 tonic and spasms, and 3 motor focal and spasms). The median age at the begin of the epilepsy was 4 months (IQR = 2-10), the median number of drugs used to control the epilepsy was 2 (IQR = 2-3). Maternal illicit drug use during pregnancy was associated with worse prognosis epilepsy (Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, West syndrome, or status epilepticus). A total of 19 presented with dysphagia, 10 children required gastrostomy. Conclusion: Children with microcephaly due to Zika virus presented with several complications during follow-up, as epilepsy, spastic diplegia, and global developmental delay.

scholarly journals Clinical and in Vivo Response Following Surgery or Surgery Plus Adjuvant Chemotherapy or Immunotherapy for Colorectal Carcinoma in a Rat Model

1983 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K House ◽  
M A L Maley
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
The Body ◽  
Recurrent Tumour ◽  
Mesenteric Node ◽  
And Control ◽  
Tumour Weight

Two cohorts of rats, 240 with colon cancer and 150 controls, were assessed clinically and immunologically for their response to tumour and its management which was either by surgical excision alone or by surgical excision combined with either adjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy. The histology and invasion characteristics were observed for similarity with those of human lesions. Metastases were found in liver, lymph nodes, the peritoneum or lungs in 27% of animals during follow up. Significantly fewer adjuvant-treated rats had metastases than those receiving surgery alone ( P < 0.05), and less total tumour weight was found in the adjuvant-treated rats at four ( P < 0.03) and six ( P < 0.001) weeks postoperatively. Animals in the adjuvant immunotherapy group survived longer than in either other group ( P < 0.001). The crude parameters of host response to tumour, body, spleen and mesenteric lymph node weight were recorded and the latter two indexed to body weight. The body weight of tumour and control rats increased significantly with time ( P < 0.04). The spleen and mesenteric node indices were significantly ( P < 0.04) greater in tumour than control rats and were varied by recurrent tumour growth and by the adjuvant treatment administered postoperatively.

Nutritional Status of Patients Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Heide ◽  
Andreas Pierratos ◽  
Ramesh Khanna ◽  
Jean Pettit ◽  
Raymond Ogilvie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Over Time

Nutritional follow-up of 20 CAPD patients for 18–24 months showed a decrease in total body nitrogen, increase in total body potassium and body weight, and a decrease in protein intake over time. There was no correlation between changes in TBN and the biochemical parameters measured. Serial dietetic assessments and measurements of total body nitrogen as well as adherence to an adequate protein intake will assist in the prevention of malnutrition in CAPD patients.

scholarly journals Patterns and predictors of hospitalisation in first-episode psychosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (6) ◽  
pp. 518-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Sipos ◽  
Glynn Harrison ◽  
David Gunnell ◽  
Shazad Amin ◽  
Swaran P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Illness ◽  
Specialist Services ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Episode Psychosis

BackgroundLittle is known about predictors of hospitalisation in patients with first-episode psychosis.AimsTo identify the pattern and predictors of hospitalisation of patients with a first psychotic episode making their first contact with specialist services.MethodThree-year follow-up of a cohort of 166 patients with a first episode of psychosis making contact with psychiatric services in Nottingham between June 1992 and May 1994.ResultsEighty-eight (53.0%) patients were admitted within 1 week of presentation; 32 (19.3%) were never admitted during the 3 years of follow-up. Manic symptoms at presentation were associated with an increased risk of rapid admission and an increased overall risk of admission; negative symptoms and a longer duration of untreated illness had an increased risk of late admission.ConclusionsCommunity-oriented psychiatric services might only delay, rather than prevent, admission of patients with predominantly negative symptoms and a longer duration of untreated illness. First-episode studies based upon first admissions are likely to be subject to selection biases, which may limit their representativeness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document