FC24-04 - Authoritarian personality traits in Iranian medical students

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1949-1949
Author(s):  
A. Firoozabadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Authoritarian Personality ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionAdorno and his colleagues made an attempt to describe the behavior of people in the pre-war era in Germany. Their research led to the introduction of F-scale which is used as a measurement for conservative and authoritarian attitudes.ObjectiveBy the use of F-scale, we tried to evaluate authoritarian traits in a group of Iranian medical students in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Socio-economic status of the present-day Iran is comparable to pre-war era in Germany.Method80 medical students (40 men and 40 women) in different years of education were randomly selected and evaluated by the questionnaire. By statistical analysis, authoritarian traits were compared between male and female students and also in different years of education (First year, 3rd year and internship).ResultsFemale students showed a higher score than the male students. Also, we found a trend for male students to become more authoritarian over time. For the female students an opposite trends was found.ConclusionThese results could be representative of different attitudes of male and female students toward authority related issues. Also, it could be in favor of different effects of education on authoritarian traits among the male and female.

scholarly journals Gender Based Differences: An Overview of Mental Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Suhina Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Status Data

The study was aimed to investigation the effect of mental health on male and female students. Mental Health Inventory was administered on 50 early adolescents (25 male and 25 female) from different schools of Ranchi. These two groups were further divided according to their socio-economic status. Data was analyzed using mean, standard deviation and‘t’ value. The findings revealed that there was significant difference between male and female students on their mental health level. Male students are more mentally healthy than female students (‘t’=7.48., P<.01). Result further revealed that socio-economic status has no significant effect on mental health.

scholarly journals Turn-taking and gender differences in language classroom

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Kaukab Abid Azhar ◽  
Nayab Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University ◽  
Mixed Gender

The study aims at studying gender differences in the ways male and female students take turns and participate in a mixed-gender classroom. Two groups of first-year English compulsory classes held at two different departments (Geography and Economics) at the University of Karachi took part in the study. The results revealed that in the Geography Department, where there was a female teacher, male students were more dominating as compared to the female students who hardly participated in the class. They took more turns and participated better in the classroom discussion. In addition, they also interrupted the teacher and the female counterparts when they tried to contribute to the discussion. On the other hand, at the Department of Economics, female students had more number of turns. They dominated the classroom as compared to the male students. Besides, the study revealed that the gender of the teacher played an important part in shaping the discourse taking place in the classroom.

scholarly journals Depression Among First- and Fifth-Year Medical Students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Saeed Almalki ◽  
Abdullah Almalki ◽  
Abdullah Kokandi ◽  
Bandar Aldosari ◽  
Abdulaziz Bin Baz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Randomized Sampling ◽  
Stressful Environment ◽  
Medical Colleges

Background: Depression, which is characterized by persistent sadness, is a highly prevalent and serious medical disease that affects more than 300 million individuals worldwide. It is hypothesized that the onset of depressive symptoms in medical students occurs due to prolonged exposure to the stressful environment of medical colleges. Hence, we aimed to determine the presence of depressive symptoms and compare the level of depression between the first-year and fifth-year medical students in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with convenient sampling from 2 medical colleges in Riyadh in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from October to November 2017. The English version of Beck’s Depression Inventory questionnaire was used in this study. Statistical analysis was administered using SPSS via chi-square test, and P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 241 participants. The age variable shows a bimodal distribution. The mean age of first-year and fifth-year students was 19±0.8 years and 23±2.1 years, respectively. Fifth-year students comprised 53.5% of the total sample, and male students accounted for 63.1% of the total sample. After analysis, the results show that male students scored higher than female students on the lower side of the scale in both years. Most of the first-year female students scored a higher level of depression compared with male students (P=0.001), whereas no difference between males and females (P=0.04) was found in the fifth-year students’ data. Conclusion: Our study shows a new pattern of reported depressive symptoms among first- and fifth-year medical students. In addition, the study suggests that depression is more common in female medical students as compared with their male counterparts. For future studies, we recommend using randomized sampling in a cohort study including all levels of medical students to further investigate and confirm the findings.[GMJ.2019;8:e1497]

scholarly journals Peculiarities of medical students’ nutrition

Medicina ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Škėmienė ◽  
Rūta Ustinavičienė ◽  
Loreta Piešinė ◽  
Ričardas Radišauskas
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
World Health ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dietary Regimen

The aim of the study was to investigate the peculiarities of medical students’ nutrition, to compare the dietary habits between first-year and third-year students, to compare male and female students’ nutrition, and to evaluate the tendencies of its change. Material and methods. An anonymous survey using a specially designed questionnaire was carried out on 349 first- and third-year students of the Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy at Kaunas University of Medicine. Students’ factual nutrition was evaluated by the number of meals per day, the time of eating, and the frequency of consumption of food products. The findings of the questionnaire-based study were stored in a database and analyzed using Excel software. Statistical relationships were determined using EPI Info software by applying the nonparametric c2 criterion. Statistical significance was determined using Student’s criterion. Results. The nutrition of first- and third-year students is irregular and differs in the time and number of meals. Only 20% of students daily ate 400 g of fruit and vegetables as recommended by the World Health Organization. Medical students, especially males, used excessive amounts of animal fat. Every seventh student consumed too salty food. Medical students consumed insufficient amounts of bread, potatoes, cereals, and other products that constitute the basis of the pyramid of healthy nutrition. Twenty-three percent of males and nearly as many females used alcohol once per week. Nearly one-half of students did not exercise at all, and 9.1% of third-year female and 14.5% of third-year male students were overweight. Conclusions. The majority of students did not follow the dietary regimen and consumed the majority of food products during the second half of the day. Students’ nutrition was not balanced – medical students consumed too much fat, especially those of animal origin. Students consumed insufficient amounts of vegetable fats and fish products, fruit and vegetables, and thus their food may lack soluble dietary fibers and vitamins. First-year and third-year female students used vegetable oils more frequently, used more vegetables, and complied with dietary regimen more often than male students. The nutrition of first- and third-year students does not differ statistically significantly. Alternative types of nutrition (vegetarian nutrition and various diets) are not popular among medical students.

scholarly journals Digital and Palmar Dermatoglyphic Patterns of Medical Students of Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
T. K. Adenowo ◽  
B. J. Dare
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ulnar Loop ◽  
Data Documentation ◽  
Genetically Determined

Dermatoglyphic traits are genetically determined and most importantly remain constant before birth until death. These traits reflect prenatal developmental stability. Dermatoglyphic features of medical students of Bingham University, Nigeria who are to proceed into clinical classes were studied to know the patterns of dermatoglyphic distributions among the male and female medical students. A total number of Sixty Two (62) medical students comprising twenty seven (27) male and thirty five (35) female students were employed for this study. Finger and palm prints were obtained according to the methods of Cummins using ink. The printink was uniformly smeared on the palmer and finger surfaces to obtain complete print of the finger tips and the palmer surfaces. Dermatoglyphic parameters were analysed with the aid of magnifying lens (X 20), the finger ridge counts (FRC), total finger ridge counts (TFRC), absolute finger ridge counts (AFRC) in male students were significantly higher than in female medical students. However, insignificant differences were noticed in palmer tri-radial angles measured (<ATD, <DAT, <ADT) and other palmer parameters such as a-b ridge counts, a-b distances and the degrees of transversality of the palmer ridges were relatively the same as shown by the main line index. Ulnar loop patterns followed by whorl patterns were found to be dominantly distributed in both male and female medical students, however, ulnar loops and spiral whorls were more prevalent (P<0.05) in male compared with female medical students. Arches were noticed to be distributed more in percentage among the female students. Therefore, in this cross-sectional descriptive study, dermatoglyphic features of presumably normal male and female individuals were found to be of great importance in basic data documentation especially in this part of the Nigeria.

scholarly journals Male and Female Students’ Perception on the Use of Popular Song to Improve Students’ Vocabulary Mastery

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-253
Author(s):  
Etika Rachmawati ◽  
Rita Apollonia ◽  
Imelda Ratna Meila
Keyword(s):  
Research Question ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Popular Song ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Teaching Learning

This study was aimed to investigate the students’ perception and the teacher’s way to teach popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery. The sample of the study was 32 first year students in Vocasional higt school.A qualitative case study was employed, the data were obtained through the observation and questionnaire. Then, the data from the observations were analyzed by transcribing the whole of the activity in classroom and data from questionnaire were presented into percentage. The researcher described the data of the observation qualitatively. In the present study, the researcher proposed three research questions: (1) How does the teacher use popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery at English club? (2) What are male students’ perceptions on the use of popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery? And (3) What are female students’ perceptions on the use of popular song to improve students’ vocabulary mastery?  In responding to the first research question, it was found that the teacher  used audio technique such as music in teaching vocabulary. Furthermore, the result of second and third research question found that male and female students agreed that popular song could improve students’ vocabulary mastery, it can be seen from the questionnaire. It showed that students got new vocabularies after listening,  learning and reading popular song because it had many new vocabularies and easy to understand. Based on the conclusion, this study suggests that the teachers who teach English, teaching English need various technique, method, and approach that have to apply in teaching learning process in order to give new atmosphere for the students. Using popular song as one of the solution to solve that problem has to be developed by the teachers because there are some activities that could make teaching learning English more fun and enjoyable especially in improving students’ vocabulary mastery because it is rich with vocabularies. Furthermore, the students have to learn deeply about the component of English and learning vocabulary in order to make them mastering English.

scholarly journals Influence of Creativity on Scholastic Achievement of B. Ed Students in Relation to Their Self-Confidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Mohd Arif Hussain Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Cell Size ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Scholastic Achievement ◽  
School Of Education ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Self Confidence

The present study is related with the, “Influence of Creativity on Scholastic Achievement of B.Ed. Students in relation to their Self-Confidence”. The present study was survey in nature. The population of the present study were B. Ed students of Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya Indore. The sample was selected by using purposive random sampling technique. The sample of the Study comprised of 74 B.Ed. students of ‘School of Education’ Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya Indore (M.P). The sample included both male and female students of Hindi and English medium. Respondents were selected from diverse socio- economic status. For collection of data from respondents different tools were used. For creativity, Passi Test of Creativity was used, for Self-Confidence, Self-Confidence Inventory by Dr. Rekha Agnihotri was used and for scholastic achievement, student’s annual examination marks were considered. Data was analyzed by using Two Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of unequal cell size. The findings were; The Scholastic Achievement of B. Ed students were found to be independent of Self-Confidence, Personality and their Interaction.

scholarly journals Preferences in Senior High School Tracks of the Grade 10 Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Jerald C. Moneva ◽  
Marsha H. Malbas
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Academic Grades

There are many influences that affect the preferences of grade 10 students in choosing a track to proceed to senior high school. Likewise, this study aims to identify influence of preference of a Senior High School track that is commonly encountered by the Grade 10 students in terms of Gender, Socio-Economic Status, Average academic grades, nature of parent’s occupation; and, strand and the level of influence of the respondent  to be associated with preferences in choosing a track in senior high school in terms of family influence-decision; peer influence; financial condition; and employability. The research tool was a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire is composed of respondent’s profile and 10 statements to be rated. The factors fairly influence preferences of the senior high school.   In terms of gender, male students consider their socio-economic status and their parent’s occupation as factors in choosing their track in Senior High School while female students consider their peers as a factor in choosing a track in Senior High School.

“My choice was not to become a tradesman, my choice was to go to uni”

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garth D. Stahl ◽  
Cassandra Loeser
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Male Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cultural Narratives ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Important Means ◽  
University Experience

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the first-year university experience as an agent for the (re)learning and (re)making of masculine identity as it intersects with other categories of identity. Historically, male students from working-class backgrounds have often struggled with identity issues and many leave school early for vocational employment where their masculinity is reinforced and validated. A small percentage, however, re-enrol in higher education later in life. This paper explores how “Deo”, a tradesperson who became a university student, reconstructed his identity during this transition. Design/methodology/approach The primary methodology for this case study is semi-structured interviews. Findings Deo articulated his transition in terms of “change” and “transformation”, in which a theme of risk was central. He also drew attention to cultural practices that regulate hierarchies of masculinity as they intersect with the identities of age, sexuality, ethnicity and socio-economic status within his work and study. Research limitations/implications This study focusses on one student’s experience in an Australian public university, so findings may not be generalisable. However, single stories are an important means of illustrating the intersection of shared socio-cultural practices. Originality/value Within adult education literature there is limited engagement with intersecting cultural narratives that shape experiences, inequalities and barriers in learners’ lives. Deo’s story gives voice to socio-cultural narratives around masculinity, age, ethnicity, sexuality and socio-economic status, highlighting their central significance to learning, being and belonging.

scholarly journals Grey’s Anatomy: Gender Differences in Specialty Choice for Medical Students in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Shao ◽  
Tianyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Specialty Choice ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Work Climates ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Over Time

Gender differences in sub-major choices within the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields have scarcely been discussed. This study uses administrative records from a top medical school in China to examine gender differences in medical students’ specialty choices. Results showed that, although the gender gap in choosing a clinical track shrinks over time, female students in the clinical track are far less likely to choose highly paid surgical specialties, and this gap persists over time. However, female students outperformed male students in all of the courses. Thus, academic performance cannot explain the underrepresentation of female students in surgery. We further collected questions such as “Why don’t female students choose surgical specialties” and answers to them in “Chinese Quora”, Zhihu.com. A preliminary text analysis showed that ultra-physical load, discrimination in recruitment, women-unfriendly work climates, and difficulties in taking care of family are barriers that prevent women from choosing surgery.

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