The social and institutional structure of corruption: some typical network configurations of corruption transactions in Hungary

Author(s):  
Szántó Z. ◽  
Szántó I. J. ◽  
Varga S.
1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Trlin

From the perspective of social demography, selected changes in social roles, formal organizations and social stratification arising from immigration in New Zealand during the 1980s are identified and explained. It is argued, however, that both immigration and its social effects were deeply influenced by the nature and operation of the society's institutional structure of immigration. This structure consists in its ideal form of three main interrelated and complementary components — an immigration policy, an immigrant policy and an ethnic relations policy — that enhance the selectivity of immigration, shape public perceptions, set up safeguards for social interaction and provide for required adjustments between the host and immigrant populations. An examination of New Zealand's institutional structure in the 1980s reveals defects in all three policy areas, defects which were directly related to migrant adjustment difficulties and to less desirable social effects of immigration observed or experienced by New Zealanders.


1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1181-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Baron ◽  
John A. Ferejohn

Bargaining in legislatures is conducted according to formal rules specifying who may make proposals and how they will be decided. Legislative outcomes depend on those rules and on the structure of the legislature. Although the social choice literature provides theories about voting equilibria, it does not endogenize the formation of the agenda on which the voting is based and rarely takes into account the institutional structure found in legislatures. In our theory members of the legislature act noncooperatively in choosing strategies to serve their own districts, explicitly taking into account the strategies members adopt in response to the sequential nature of proposal making and voting. The model permits the characterization of a legislative equilibrium reflecting the structure of the legislature and also allows consideration of the choice of elements of that structure in a context in which the standard, institution-free model of social choice theory yields no equilibrium.


Author(s):  
Felipe Cesar Rebêlo

A greve é reconhecida como um instituto em constante evolução, representativo dos direitos sociais. Passa por uma evolução constante, de acordo com as demandas que surgem historicamente. Nesse ponto, se averigua como o instituto jurídico é construído, bem como a forma que sua feição política pode desenvolver. A compreensão da doutrina e da jurisprudência se faz necessária, em consonância as determinações legais, bem como ao espírito social que move multidões, em expressão de uma ação social que necessita ser revisitada considerando cânones mais profundos, e do próprio direito e da constituição do Estado, como forma de legitimação da estrutura institucional em que a sociedade pode se formatar. A forma de concretização das demandas sociais, à luz de uma preocupação que se compactue com a luta de classes no ambiente capitalista, em que o direito é analisado como instrumentalização dessa constante social, merece ponderação na análise contemplada.   Abstract: Strike is recognized as a constantly evolving institute, representative of social rights. It goes through a constant evolution, according to the demands that arise historically. At this point, it examines how the legal institute is constructed, as well as the form that its political aspect can develop. Understanding the doctrine and jurisprudence is necessary, in accordance with legal determinations, as well as the social spirit that moves crowds, in expression of a social action that needs to be revisited considering deeper canons, and of the law itself and the constitution of the State, as a way of legitimizing institutional structure in which society can be shaped. The way of concretizing social demands, in the light of a concern that is compacted with the class struggle in the capitalist environment, in which the law is analyzed as an instrumentalization of this social constant, deserves consideration in the analysis.


2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES GREGORY

AbstractThis paper offers a constructive critique of a recent account, in this journal, of the place of compassion as a virtue within social policy. The critique suggests that the ‘compassion thesis’ collapses into an account of duty rather than virtue, and that compassion as a virtue can only be exercised by individuals, and not by institutions. The paper goes on to suggest an alternative account of the relationship between social policy institutions and the virtue of compassion. It develops a broadly Humean account of ‘sympathy’ triggered by proximity to distress. In this alternative account, social policy is used to create the background conditions in which individuals are moved, and able, to exercise the virtues of sympathy and compassion. Special attention is paid to housing and mixed communities policy as a means of creating the social proximity that may underpin a welfare culture of understanding rather than blame.


2014 ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Yu. Borejko

In the article Boreyko Yuri Grigorovich «Primary community of modern ukrainian orthodox church as a form church of sociality» set significance of the religious community as a social phenomenon and the parish as a center of the institutional structure of the church in shaping religious orthodox believers, the ratio of the parish and the community as a form of religious associations, the nature of the participation of the believers in the daily life of religious communities and their integration into the social relations within the parish and the community. 


1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Forman

Abstract: This paper examines the ways in which skinheads and the press in Canada mutually engage in public strategies to subvert each other's significatory powers. Arguably, skinheads present a limited challenge to the social mainstream which, like their style, exists primarily on the surface. In analyzing the media response, the discursive containment of subcultural resistance is revealed as news reports retain the social order of the existing institutional structure. As skinheads attempt to draw attention to themselves and to society's hidden contradictions, the media exploit their spectacularity, transforming it into a saleable news commodity. Résumé: Cet article propose une étude des façons dont les "skinheads" et la presse au Canada se livrent un duel sur la place publique dans le but de subvertir leurs significations et leurs pouvoirs respectifs. On reconnaît qu'à première vue les "skinheads" posent un défi à la majorité de la société. L'analyse de la réponse des médias révèle que le discours de la presse atténue la dimension rebelle de cette sous-culture et tend à renforcer l'ordre social et la structure institutionnelle établis. Les "skinheads" veulent attirer l'attention sur eux-mêmes et sur les contradictions de la société; les médias exploitent leurs côtés spectaculaires à des fins commerciales.


2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Wrenn

As capitalism unfolds, continual technological advance in combination with the relentless accumulation imperative serves to amplify material progress. The institutionalization of the market fundamentally changes the structure of society and the institutional structure through which individuals are socialized; the socialization process becomes increasingly accommodating to the intensifying marketplace. The social dislocation generated by the intensification of the market, prompts Polanyi?s protective response. Despite this intensification of the market setting, the existence of the economic surplus fund undermines the syllogistics of market determined pricing. Evidence of the economic surplus and that the competitive law of value is not operable within monopoly capitalism is found in the thriving lobby industry and generous campaign contributions. This research seeks to connect explicitly the concepts of Polanyi?s protective response with Veblenian waste and the economic surplus in order to better understand how the irrational system of neoliberalism continues to evolve.


Author(s):  
Ricardo Chi Sen Siu

This chapter examines the economics of Asian casino gambling and the factors responsible for the evolution and organization of the casino industries. In addition to the market fundamentals, the significance of the unique features of Asian culture and related institutional structure of gaming industry performance are addressed. Finally, controversial debates over the social benefits and costs of casino gaming in Asia are evaluated.


Author(s):  
Viktor Yevgeniyevich Reutov ◽  
Diana Dmitrievna Burkaltseva

Of course, in any country, including Russia, the relevance of research to prevent an increase in the level of economic crime is important. Moreover, its level is an indicator of the country’s economic security. Accordingly, in the conditions of restrictions, the consequences of the pandemic associated with an increase in unemployment, a decrease in the income of the population, the factors affecting an increase in this indicator — the level of crime in the economic sphere — are increasing. The article provides a forecast of socio-economic indicators: the development of the social sphere, the level and quality of life. The decomposition of institutionalization of preventive measures aimed at counteracting the commission of economic crime is built. A portrait of a criminal in cybercrime conditions is highlighted and the dynamics of registered crimes is considered. At the same time, in the institutional structure of the decomposition of preventive measures aimed at counteracting the commission of economic crime, a component of socio-economic conditions is highlighted, contributing to the increase in the commission or reduction of this type of economic crime.


Author(s):  
N.N. Ravochkin

The article identifies new essential features of the discourse of political and legal ideas, acquired by it in the realities of a network society. It is noted that the functioning of these intellectual constructs in the space of a particular society or state directly determines the effectiveness of the institutional structure, and also allows the authorities to achieve a different pragmatic effect. As a research methodology, the author turns to his own synthetic epistemic-methodological foundations, focusing on the provisions of social realism (R. Collins, N.S. Rozov) and actor-network theory. In accordance with the indicated approaches, the mechanism of genesis and the logic of the existence of ideas in the social space are presented. The specificity and characteristic features of a network society are shown, which also allows its reading as an information model of society. In conclusion, the work outlines the possibilities for further research on the claimed topic.


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