scholarly journals Exploring how design guidelines benefit design engineers: an international and global perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Reimlinger ◽  
Quentin Lohmeyer ◽  
Ralf Moryson ◽  
Mirko Meboldt
Keyword(s):  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Benefit Design ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Embodiment Design ◽  
Current Engineering ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Mobile Eye Tracking

A multitude of design guidelines that are intended to support design engineers with knowledge and information during the embodiment design of physical products have been developed back in the 1980s and 1990s. However, since then, the setting in which products are developed and designed has changed and associated tasks and activities are carried out globally rather than locally. Yet, knowledge on the benefit of such design guidelines and their impact on the performance of multinational design engineers from different regions and with different levels of experience is still lacking. To address this, a mobile eye tracking study has been developed and carried out with 47 differently experienced practitioners from Germany, Eastern Europe and Asia. The results show differences in how design engineers from different regions with different levels of experience may benefit from design guidelines and how design guidelines may impact experts’ and novices’ performance, indicate beneficial ways of using them and point out the kind of information and the way of representation that attracts the most attention within a design guideline. The paper concludes that the improvement and development of design guidelines that are intended to support the embodiment design of physical products is needed and proposes to rethink current engineering design guidelines both content-wise and representation-wise.

scholarly journals Extended Sequence Modelling in Design Engineering – Gaining and Documenting Knowledge about Embodiment Function Relations with the C&C2-Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1483-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Matthiesen ◽  
Patric Grauberger ◽  
Lukas Schrempp
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Models ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Engineering Teams ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Embodiment Design ◽  
Extended Sequence ◽  
And Function

AbstractIn embodiment design, functions are implemented in a technical systems embodiment. For doing so, design engineers need to understand the relations of embodiment and function. Many systems change their states during function fulfilment which complicates their relations and leads to ambiguity in design decisions. The challenge for design engineers is that they often need to make important decisions about the design before they can use sophisticated analytical models to investigate them. This contribution presents a structure for the C&C²-Sequence Model as a non-analytical model to support design engineers in modelling embodiment function relations. This structure contains four dimensions that are derived from the state of the art and preliminary work. It enables the structuring of gained knowledge about embodiment function relations and supports their communication in design engineering teams. Two development projects in academic and corporate environment are conducted using the structure to investigate its applicability. In these projects, design engineers were able to document and use gained knowledge about the investigated complicated systems.

Contemporary Methods of Designing Rail Vehicle Running Systems with the Use of CAD and CAM Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (187) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Tomasz Antkowiak ◽  
Marcin Kruś
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Detailed Design ◽  
Final Shape ◽  
Rail Vehicle ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Running System ◽  
Cad Cam

The article discusses the process of designing the running system of a rail vehicle using CAD and CAM tools as the solutions supporting the process. It describes the particular stages of design taking its final shape: from a preliminary design, through a detailed design, ending with the stage of production. Each stage includes a presentation of how CAD and CAM tools are used to support design engineers in their practice. Keywords: running system, design, CAD, CAM

scholarly journals Analysis and Design for Output Voltage Regulation in Constant-on-Time-Controlled Fly-Buck Converter

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 1886
Author(s):  
Younghoon Cho ◽  
Paul Jang
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Flyback Converter ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Primary Output ◽  
Output Capacitor

Fly-buck converter is a multi-output converter with the structure of a synchronous buck converter structure on the primary side and a flyback converter structure on the secondary side, and can be utilized in various applications due to its many advantages. In terms of control, the primary side of the fly-buck converter has the same structure as a synchronous buck converter, allowing the constant-on-time (COT) control to be applied to the fly-buck converter. However, due to the inherent energy transfer principle, the primary-side output voltage regulation of COT controlled fly-buck converters may be poor, which can deteriorate the overall converter performance. Therefore, the primary output capacitor must be carefully designed to improve the voltage regulation characteristics. In this paper, a theoretical analysis of the output voltage regulation in COT controlled fly-buck converter is conducted, and based on this, a design guideline for the primary output capacitor considering the output voltage regulation is presented. The validity of the analysis and design guidelines was verified using a 5 W prototype of the COT controlled fly-buck converter for telecommunication auxiliary power supply.

scholarly journals Introducing systems oriented design for complex societal contexts in design engineering education

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo da Costa Junior ◽  
Ana Laura Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Jan Carel Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Design Engineering ◽  
Support Design ◽  
Humanitarian Emergencies ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Problem Solvers ◽  
Societal Problems

As our society faces large-scale wicked problems like global warming, resource depletion, poverty and humanitarian emergencies, problem solvers are required to apply new reasoning models more appropriate to deal with these complex societal problems. Dealing with these problems poses unfamiliar challenges in contexts with poor financial and infrastructural resources. Systems Oriented Design (SOD) has been recognized in the literature as a promising approach, capable to support design engineers to deal with these complex societal problems. This paper explores the application of SOD in the development of Product-Service System (PSS) concepts by student teams in a multidisciplinary master course. The course resulted in twelve concepts that were analysed using a case study approach with the support of protocol analysis. The analysis results in a description of advantages, context- and process-related challenges of using SOD. From an education point-of-view, the results demonstrate that even though SOD provides students with a broad knowledge base and skills to deal with problems in complex societal contexts, there is still the need to introduce the appropriate scope and depth in the design engineering curricula, making the transition from traditional product design, a challenging one.

scholarly journals A Review of Green School Design Guidelines

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayahtuljamilah Ramli ◽  
Mawar Masri ◽  
Mohd. Zafrullah Mohd. Taib ◽  
Norhazarina Abd Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
School Design ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Green School

The purpose of this paper is to execute a comparative study of green school guidelines with the review of the current literature. The method of this study is to use secondary data regarding green school design elements in foreign countries’ school. The data assembled from various countries will be discussed with regards to the applications of its elements into Malaysian green school design. The result of the comparative study will be used to identify the design elements of Malaysian school designs towards a green and sustainable building. Therefore, finding from this research is expected to encourage the Malaysian government to develop and create a guideline for green school design in Malaysia. Keywords: School Environment; Green Design Components; Green School Design Guideline; Students’ Outcome eISSN 2514-7528 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i8.272   

History & Constitution

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Lacchè
Keyword(s):  
Common Core ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Alexis De Tocqueville ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Constitutional History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Constitutionalism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Levels

This volume gathers together 25 essays dedicated to the history of four important constitutional experiments (France, Belgium, Switzerland and Italy). While it considers these experiments and developments in the 19th and 20th centuries, comparative constitutional history, nevertheless, offers the possibility of obtaining a wider purview. It is in this sense that we can speak of the myth of the English constitution pervading the discourses and language of the French liberals, of Belgium being referred to as “Little England” in Italy, and the Modell Deutschland as increasingly becoming an object of fascination for Italian scholars of public law. In the 1830s Alexis de Tocqueville analysed the situation in Switzerland and compared the different kinds of federalism present in America and in Europe. A European comparative constitutional history, taking up a global perspective, can help us to better decipher two very important issues pertinent to our times: first, for assessing the identity and the constitutional substance of a living common core of the European constitutional traditions; and second, for considering constitutional history as a useful tool to address different levels of global constitutionalism and new trends of governance. History & Constitution offers not only insights into the past, but also provides some guidelines for the future.

Impact of Climate Change on Tourism

2022 ◽  
pp. 1519-1534
Author(s):  
Samreen Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Imran
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Industry Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Different Levels

Climate change is an influencing phenomenon in present global perspective having a wide range of impacts at different levels within the society and industries. This chapter introduces the climate change basics and its major impacts on the global environment. Further, it describes the tourism industry and identifies its relationship with climate change. Scientists take different approaches to deal with climate indices and their application to identify the impact of climate change on the tourism industry. This chapter classifies the tourism industry into different industry type based on the regional characteristics links with the geographical locations. Climate effects have been discussed with different case studies and regions. Then the chapter has been concluded with the major overall impact of climate change in terms of temperature rise, sea level rise (SLR), change in precipitation and extreme events in some cases, on the tourism industry, and next steps to be taken towards sustainable tourism industry.

A Multidomain Engineering Change Propagation Model to Support Uncertainty Reduction and Risk Management in Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Hamraz ◽  
Nicholas H. M. Caldwell ◽  
P. John Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Method ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Change Propagation ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Propagation Models ◽  
Engineering Change ◽  
Change Requests ◽  
Current Engineering ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Linkage Model

Engineering change (EC) is a source of uncertainty. While the number of changes to a design can be optimized, their existence cannot be eliminated. Each change is accompanied by intended and unintended impacts both of which might propagate and cause further knock-on changes. Such change propagation causes uncertainty in design time, cost, and quality and thus needs to be predicted and controlled. Current engineering change propagation models map the product connectivity into a single-domain network and model change propagation as spread within this network. Those models miss out most dependencies from other domains and suffer from “hidden dependencies”. This paper proposes the function-behavior-structure (FBS) linkage model, a multidomain model which combines concepts of both the function-behavior-structure model from Gero and colleagues with the change prediction method (CPM) from Clarkson and colleagues. The FBS linkage model is represented in a network and a corresponding multidomain matrix of structural, behavioral, and functional elements and their links. Change propagation is described as spread in that network using principles of graph theory. The model is applied to a diesel engine. The results show that the FBS linkage model is promising and improves current methods in several ways: The model (1) accounts explicitly for all possible dependencies between product elements, (2) allows capturing and modeling of all relevant change requests, (3) improves the understanding of why and how changes propagate, (4) is scalable to different levels of decomposition, and (5) is flexible to present the results on different levels of abstraction. All these features of the FBS linkage model can help control and counteract change propagation and reduce uncertainty and risk in design.

An In Situ Study of Analogical Reasoning in Novice and Experienced Design Engineers

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeema Ahmed ◽  
Bo T. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Adaptive Design ◽  
Aerospace Industry ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Explicit Reference ◽  
Different Levels

This paper describes a study to understand the use of analogies by design engineers with different levels of experience in an adaptive design domain. Protocol analyses of 12 design engineers have been analyzed to understand the functions and reasoning of the analogies. The protocols are real-world data from the aerospace industry. The findings indicate a significant difference in both the use of analogies by novices and experienced designers and the reasoning from the analogies. Novices were found to predominantly transfer information related to the geometric properties without explicit reference to relevant design issues or to the appropriateness of applying the analogy, whereas experienced designers tended to use analogies for problem solving and problem identification. Experienced designers were found to use the analogy to reason about the function of a component and the predicted behavior of the component, whereas the novices seem to lack such reasoning processes.

Damping of Heat Exchanger Tubes in Two-Phase Flow: Review and Design Guidelines

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Pettigrew ◽  
C. E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Induced Vibration ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Semi Empirical

Two-phase flow exists in many shell-and-tube heat exchangers such as condensers, evaporators, and nuclear steam generators. Some knowledge on tube damping mechanisms is required to avoid flow-induced vibration problems. This paper outlines the development of a semi-empirical model to formulate damping of heat exchanger tube bundles in two-phase cross flow. The formulation is based on information available in the literature and on the results of recently completed experiments. The compilation of a database and the formulation of a design guideline are outlined in this paper. The effects of several parameters such as flow velocity, void fraction, confinement, flow regime and fluid properties are discussed. These parameters are taken into consideration in the formulation of a practical design guideline.

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