Psychometric evaluation of the Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in young adults with chronic health conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
F. Nearchou ◽  
A. Davies ◽  
E. Hennessy
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Health

Introduction. The Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is one of the most widely employed tools for measuring perceived social support from three sources: family, friends and a significant other. This study aimed to establish the factor structure of the MSPSS in young adults living with chronic health conditions (CHCs). It also aimed to examine the reliability and convergent validity of the tool. Methods. A cross-sectional quantitative design was applied. Participants (n = 123, 90 females) were students aged 18–25 years recruited from Colleges of Further Education in Ireland (mean age of 20.1 years, s.d. = 2.43). Participants completed the MSPSS and two subscales of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey that assessed social functioning and emotional well-being. Results. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a three-factor solution of the MSPSS in young adults living with CHCs. The three factors together explained 83% of the variance in MSPSS scores. All the items had high loadings on the factors (0.72–0.94). The MSPSS showed satisfactory reliability and convergent validity. Conclusions. These findings suggest that the MSPSS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring perceived social support from three sources in young adults living with CHCs. Social support has been associated with positive outcomes in young adults living with CHCs, thus it is imperative for researchers and clinicians to have access to psychometrically sound instruments to evaluate the construct.

scholarly journals The relationship between medication adherence, health literacy and social support network in the hypertensive emergency department patient

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Benjamin L. Coe
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Social Support Network ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Ed Visits

Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for the development of heart disease, which is the number one cause of death in the United States (U.S.). The Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) led to a significant increase in emergency department (ED) visits: up to 20 [percent] of visits are considered as avoidable. Many patients present to EDs with uncontrolled chronic health conditions, such as HTN, which can be successfully managed in the outpatient setting. Factors contributing to the large volume of patients that present to the ED with uncontrolled HTN has been understudied. This cross-sectional study examined relationships between selected demographic and health variables, medication adherence, health literacy and social support network among adults (n=50) with HTN that presented to the ED. Participants were predominantly male (56 [percent]), 41-60 years old (46 [percent]), and Caucasian (60 [percent]). Only 36 [percent] of participants were adherent to their HTN medications, 42 [percent] had adequate health literacy, and 38 [percent] perceived high levels of social support. The variable with the strongest correlation to medication adherence was last primary care provider (PCP) visit (-0.473, p [less than] 0.001). However only 54 [percent] of participants had seen a PCP over the last 6 months. Increasing PCP visits and reducing avoidable ED visits has the potential to improve chronic disease health outcomes and reduce health care costs. This study has provided evidence that it is both acceptable and feasible to perform research in the ED setting that addresses chronic health conditions, such as HTN. Findings from this study may be used to inform novel ED interventions that can help adults to better manage their chronic health conditions, such as HTN, outside of the acute care setting.

Children and Adolescents with Chronic Health Conditions

2017 ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Alina Morawska
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Childhood Health ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Parenting Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Chronic childhood health conditions are common and significantly affect the child and family. This chapter begins by describing the central role parents play in children’s health outcomes and illness management and the impact the child’s health condition has on parents and the family. Few parenting interventions have been evaluated, and most focus on medical aspects rather than psychosocial factors related to child and family well-being. Existing approaches to parenting support are described, followed by an exploration of the evidence for Triple P interventions. Recent research using Positive Parenting for Healthy Living, a brief parenting intervention for parents with children with chronic health conditions, is showing promising outcomes. Policy and service implications of recent research are summarized.

scholarly journals Mediating Effects of Emotional Support Reception and Provision on the Relationship between Group Interaction and Psychological Well-Being: A Study of Young Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12110
Author(s):  
Steven Sek-yum Ngai ◽  
Chau-Kiu Cheung ◽  
Jianhong Mo ◽  
Spencer Yu-hong Chau ◽  
Elly Nga-hin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Support Provision ◽  
The Relationship

While it is well-established that mutual aid groups are effective in the psychological rehabilitation of vulnerable individuals, few studies have thoroughly investigated the dynamic mechanism of how psychological well-being improves through mutual aid groups of young patients with chronic health conditions. In connection with several existing theories (i.e., the helper therapy principle, equity theory, the norm of reciprocity, and the concept of communal relationships), this study aims to: (1) evaluate whether emotional support exchanges (i.e., emotional support reception and provision) mediate the relationship between group interaction and psychological well-being; and (2) compare three potential underlying mechanisms—the mediating role of emotional support provision, equitable reciprocity (i.e., a balance of receiving and providing emotional support, where no party over-benefits or under-benefits), and sequential reciprocity (i.e., repaying the helper or a third party in the future after receiving help)—through a path analysis model. A stratified random sampling procedure with chronic health conditions as the stratifying criterion was used to recruit 391 individuals aged 12–45 years from mutual aid groups in Hong Kong, who completed both the baseline and follow-up surveys over a 12-month interval. The results of the path model revealed significant mediating roles of emotional support provision and sequential reciprocity, not equitable reciprocity. The present study offers theoretical and practical implications for promoting the psychological well-being of young patients with chronic health conditions.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Challenges and Opportunities for Youth With Chronic Health Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Serlachius ◽  
Sherif M Badawy ◽  
Hiran Thabrew
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Stress ◽  
School Closure ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

UNSTRUCTURED School closures, altered access to health services, and economic stress during the COVID-19 pandemic have likely had an impact on the mental and physical well-being of youth worldwide, particularly among those with chronic health conditions (CHCs). A number of challenges and opportunities have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic for youth with CHCs. Challenges include heightened anxiety, disrupted routines, academic and social stresses associated with school closure, increased risk of domestic violence and abuse, and reduced access to physical and psychosocial support. On the other hand, opportunities include reduced academic and social stress, increased time with families, reduced access to substances, easier access to health care using technology, and opportunities to build resilience. This viewpoint paper highlights both challenges and opportunities for youth with CHCs during the pandemic and offers recommendations for further research and clinical care.

scholarly journals Can Vitamin D Positively Impact COVID-19 Risk and Severity Among Older Adults: A Review of the Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ray Marks
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Health Status ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background The coronavirus Covid-19 strain that emerged in December 2019, continues to produce a widespread and seemingly intractable negative impact on health and longevity in all parts of the world, especially, among older adults, and those with chronic health conditions. Aim The first aim of this review article was to examine, summarize, synthesize, and report on the research base concerning the possible use of vitamin-D supplementation for reducing both Covid-19 risk and severity, especially among older adults at high risk for Covid-19 infections. A second was to provide directives for researchers or professionals who work or are likely to work in this realm in the future. Methods All English language relevant publications detailing the possible efficacy of vitamin D as an intervention strategy for minimizing Covid-19 infection risk published in 2020 were systematically sought. Key words used were: Vitamin D, Covid-19, and Coronavirus. Databases used were PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. All relevant articles were carefully examined and those meeting the review criteria were carefully read, and described in narrative form. Results Collectively, these data reveal vitamin D is a powerful steroid like compound that is required by the body to help many life affirming physiological functions, including immune processes, but its deficiency may seriously impact the health status and well being of the older adult and others. Since vitamin D is not manufactured by the body directly, ensuring those who are deficient in vitamin D may prove a helpful overall preventive measure as well as a helpful treatment measure among older adults at high risk for severe Covid-19 disease outcomes. Conclusions Older individuals with chronic health conditions, as well as healthy older adults at risk for vitamin D deficiency are likely to benefit physically as well as mentally, from efforts to foster adequate vitamin D levels. Geriatric clinicians can expect this form of intervention to reduce infection severity in the presence of Covid-19 infection, regardless of health status, and subject to careful study, researchers can make a highly notable impact in this regard.

Effects of Patient- and Family-Centered Care for Young Adults With Chronic Health Conditions and Their Family Members: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 216769681988345
Author(s):  
David Allen ◽  
Nerina Scarinci ◽  
Louise Hickson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Family Centered Care ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Family Centered

Patient- and family-centered care has been shown to improve outcomes across a range of health conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of interventions to improve the patient- and family-centeredness of care (PFCIs) on the effectiveness of care of young adults (16–25) with chronic health conditions. A segregated design mixed-methods systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-synthesis of the literature was conducted. Thirteen quantitative papers and three qualitative papers were identified for inclusion. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed on quantitative findings, and a meta-synthesis was performed on qualitative findings. Preliminary evidence suggests that PFCIs were associated with improvements in the self-efficacy of young people with chronic health conditions. However, there were very few identified studies, and those that were identified were primarily in the field of mental health, requiring ongoing further research.

Association Between Food Allergy, Psychological Stress, and Allostatic Load

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110190
Author(s):  
Anne L. Ersig ◽  
Roger L. Brown ◽  
Kristen Malecki
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Chronic Health

Allostatic load (AL), the cumulative biological burden of persistently high stress exposure, influences adult health and well-being across the lifespan, and can be measured with clinical indicators, such as BMI, blood pressure (BP), and waist–hip ratio. Adverse childhood events and other stressors contribute to AL, but stress from other sources, such as previously diagnosed chronic health conditions, has been overlooked. We hypothesized that adults with these conditions would have more stress exposures, higher perceived stress, worse mental health, and higher AL, compared to controls. A secondary analysis of deidentified data from cases with self-reported food allergies and controls found that individuals with chronic health conditions reported more stress exposures, higher levels of perceived stress, and had higher AL, compared to controls. However, other results did not support the study hypotheses. Future studies should examine additional AL measures, such as biomarkers of stress response, in individuals with existing chronic health conditions.

53 Health Outcomes of Siblings of Children with Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. e38-e39
Author(s):  
Benjamin Martinez ◽  
Petros Pechlivanoglou ◽  
Dorisa Meng ◽  
Benjamin Traubici ◽  
Quenby Mahood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Chronic Health Conditions ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Scale Scores

Abstract Primary Subject area Mental Health Background Chronic childhood health conditions are known to have an impact on the well-being of family members. Parental caregivers face well-defined adverse health outcomes, though less is known about the health impacts on siblings. Objectives To assess clinical health outcomes in siblings of children with chronic health condition(s) compared to siblings of healthy children or normative data. Design/Methods We searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycInfo, and CINAHL through June 4, 2020. We included English-language studies that: (1) reported clinically diagnosable mental or physical health outcomes of siblings of children (0-18 years old) diagnosed with any childhood chronic health condition; (2) included a comparison group; and (3) used an experimental or observational study design. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results We included 28 studies of the 9053 screened, comprising 10 cohort studies and 18 cross-sectional studies. Studies from 11 different countries reported most commonly on siblings of children with disabilities (12 studies), cancer (8 studies), or psychiatric disorders (4 studies). Siblings of children with chronic conditions had greater depression rating scale scores than their comparison groups (standardized mean difference 0.49; 95% CI 0.33-0.65; P < .001 [5 studies]) (Fig. 1), whereas anxiety scores did not differ significantly (standardized mean difference 0.24; 95% CI -0.03-0.52; P = .08 [6 studies]) (Fig. 2). Studies that reported on prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses, rather than rating scale scores, had mixed results, either indicating increased risk (3 studies) or no increased risk (4 studies) among exposed siblings. We did not meta-analyze effects for mortality (3 studies) or physical health outcomes (dental caries [1 study], traumatic brain injury [1 study], sexually transmitted infection [1 study], overweightness/obesity [1 study]) given the limited number of studies and between-study heterogeneity. Included studies were rated as high quality (12 studies) or of moderate quality (16 studies). Conclusion Siblings of children with chronic health conditions may be at an increased risk of depression. Our findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to support the psychological well-being of siblings of children with chronic health conditions.

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