A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials Evaluating Interventions Following Non-Marital Relationship Separation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Kazan ◽  
Alison L. Calear ◽  
Philip J. Batterham
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

The effect of a relationship separation on wellbeing is substantial. However, without divorce parameters, individuals in dating or cohabiting relationships may struggle to access support mechanisms. A systematic review was conducted to identify controlled trials of interventions targeting individuals who have experienced a non-marital relationship separation, to supplement the divorce literature. The aim of the review was to assess the impact of these interventions on mental health. Five articles were identified through PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and Medline databases. Overall, two of the trials reported a significant improvement in specific mental health outcomes at post-test and/or follow-up. Of the two trials demonstrating efficacy in mental health outcomes, one used a weekly, forgiveness-based group intervention and the other was a writing-based, self-initiated intervention. A lack of trials testing theory-driven interventions for relationship separation is of particular concern. Limitations of the existing literature and corresponding directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The impact of whole-of-diet interventions on depression and anxiety: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2074-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachelle S Opie ◽  
Adrienne O’Neil ◽  
Catherine Itsiopoulos ◽  
Felice N Jacka
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveNon-pharmacological approaches to the treatment of depression and anxiety are of increasing importance, with emerging evidence supporting a role for lifestyle factors in the development of these disorders. Observational evidence supports a relationship between habitual diet quality and depression. Less is known about the causative effects of diet on mental health outcomes. Therefore a systematic review was undertaken of randomised controlled trials of dietary interventions that used depression and/or anxiety outcomes and sought to identify characteristics of programme success.DesignA systematic search of the Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed and PyscInfo databases was conducted for articles published between April 1971 and May 2014.ResultsOf the 1274 articles identified, seventeen met eligibility criteria and were included. All reported depression outcomes and ten reported anxiety or total mood disturbance. Compared with a control condition, almost half (47 %) of the studies observed significant effects on depression scores in favour of the treatment group. The remaining studies reported a null effect. Effective dietary interventions were based on a single delivery mode, employed a dietitian and were less likely to recommend reducing red meat intake, select leaner meat products or follow a low-cholesterol diet.ConclusionsAlthough there was a high level of heterogeneity, we found some evidence for dietary interventions improving depression outcomes. However, as only one trial specifically investigated the impact of a dietary intervention in individuals with clinical depression, appropriately powered trials that examine the effects of dietary improvement on mental health outcomes in those with clinical disorders are required.

scholarly journals Correlates of grief-related disorders and mental health outcomes among adult refugees exposed to trauma and bereavement: A systematic review and future research directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrille Kossigan Kokou-Kpolou ◽  
Charlemagne Simplice Moukouta ◽  
Joanic Masson ◽  
Amal Bernoussi ◽  
Jude Mary Cénat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions

scholarly journals Animal-Assisted Interventions for the Improvement of Mental Health Outcomes in Higher Education Students: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10768
Author(s):  
Charlotte Parbery-Clark ◽  
Marvellas Lubamba ◽  
Louise Tanner ◽  
Elaine McColl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAIs), particularly Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) and Animal-Assisted Activity (AAA), in improving mental health outcomes for students in higher education. The number of students in higher education reporting mental health problems and seeking support from universities’ student support services has risen over recent years. Therefore, providing engaging interventions, such as AAIs, that are accessible to large groups of students are attractive. Methods: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched from relative inception to end of April 2020. Additionally, a grey literature search was undertaken. Independent screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were completed, with varying percentages, by two reviewers. Results: After de-duplication, 6248 articles were identified of which 11 studies were included in the narrative synthesis. The evidence from randomised controlled trials suggests that AAIs could provide short-term beneficial results for anxiety in students attending higher education but with limited evidence for stress, and inconclusive evidence for depression, well-being and mood. For the non-statistically significant results, the studies either did not include a power calculation or were under-powered. Conclusions: Potential emerging evidence for the short-term benefits of AAI for anxiety, and possibly stress, for students in higher education was found.

scholarly journals Smartphone Addiction and Associated Health Outcomes in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12257
Author(s):  
Zubair Ahmed Ratan ◽  
Anne-Maree Parrish ◽  
Sojib Bin Zaman ◽  
Mohammad Saud Alotaibi ◽  
Hassan Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Background: Smartphones play a critical role in increasing human–machine interactions, with many advantages. However, the growing popularity of smartphone use has led to smartphone overuse and addiction. This review aims to systematically investigate the impact of smartphone addiction on health outcomes. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to carry out the systematic review. Five electronic databases including Medline, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus were searched to identify eligible studies. Eligible studies were screened against predetermined inclusion criteria and data were extracted according to the review questions. This review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020181404). The quality of the articles was assessed using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Results: A total of 27 of 2550 articles met the inclusion criteria. All of the studies were cross-sectional and focused on physical, mental, and neurological health outcomes. The majority of the studies focused on mental health outcomes and consistent associations were observed between smartphone addiction and several mental health outcomes. Anxiety and depression were commonly found to mediate mental health problems. A wide range of physical health sequelae was also associated with smartphone addiction. Furthermore, there was an association between smartphone addiction and neurological disorders. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that there are consistent associations between smartphone addiction and physical and mental health, especially mental health. Social awareness campaigns about smartphone addiction and its impact on physical and mental health are needed. Further studies, especially randomized controlled trials, are warranted to validate the impacts of smartphone addiction.

The impact of inequality on mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-126
Author(s):  
Benjamin Gibson ◽  
Jekaterina Schneider ◽  
Deborah Talamonti ◽  
Mark Forshaw
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Gendered working environments as a determinant of mental health inequalities: a systematic review of 27 studies

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2019-106281
Author(s):  
Allison Milner ◽  
Anna Joy Scovelle ◽  
Tania King ◽  
Claudia Marck ◽  
Ashley McAllister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Differential Selection ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background‘Gendered working environments’ describes the ways in which (1) differential selection into work, (2) variations in employment arrangements and working hours, (3) differences in psychosocial exposures and (4) differential selection out of work may produce varied mental health outcomes for men and women. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to understand gender differences in mental health outcomes in relation to the components of gendered working environments.MethodsThe review followed a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) search approach and focused on studies published in 2008–2018. The protocol for the review was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019124066).FindingsAcross the 27 cohort studies included in the review, we found that (1) there was inconclusive evidence on the effect of occupational gender composition on the mental health of men and women, (2) women’s mental health was more likely to be affected by long working hours than men’s; however, precarious employment was more likely to be negatively associated with men’s mental health, (3) exposure to traditional constructs of psychosocial job stressors negatively affected the mental health of both women and men, and (4) unemployment and retirement are associated with poorer mental health in both genders.InterpretationThe findings from this review indicate that gendered working environments may affect the mental health of both men and women, but the association is dependent on the specific exposure examined. There is still much to be understood about gendered working environments, and future research into work and health should be considered with a gender lens.

scholarly journals The Impact of Long-Term Physical Activity Interventions for Overweight/Obese Postmenopausal Women on Adiposity Indicators, Physical Capacity, and Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Baker ◽  
Héloïse Sirois-Leclerc ◽  
Heather Tulloch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Physical activity interventions have recently become a popular strategy to help postmenopausal women prevent and manage obesity. The current systematic review evaluates the efficacy of physical activity interventions among overweight and obese postmenopausal women and sheds light on the behavioral change techniques that were employed in order to direct future research.Method. Five electronic databases were searched to identify all prospective RCT studies that examine the impact of physical activity on adiposity indicators, physical capacity, and/or mental health outcomes among healthy, sedentary overweight, and obese postmenopausal women in North America. The behavior change technique taxonomy was used to identify the various strategies applied in the programs.Results. Five RCTs met the inclusion criteria. The findings showed that adiposity indicators and physical capacity outcomes significantly improved following long-term interventions; however, mental health outcomes showed nonsignificant changes. Furthermore, 17 behavior change techniques were identified with the taxonomy across all trials. The intrapersonal-level techniques were the most common.Conclusion. Physical activity interventions had a positive effect on adiposity measures and physical capacity. Future research should focus on testing the effectiveness of physical activity interventions on mental health and incorporate strategies at the individual and environmental level to maximize the health impact on the population.

scholarly journals The relationship between organisational stressors and mental wellbeing within police officers: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrit Purba ◽  
Evangelia Demou
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Occupational stressors in police work increase the risk for officer mental health morbidities. Officers’ poor mental wellbeing is harmful to the individual, can affect professionalism, organisational effectiveness, and public safety. While the impact of operational stressors on officers’ mental wellbeing is well documented, no review has systematically investigated organisational stressor impacts. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the relationship between organisational stressors and police officer mental wellbeing. Methods Systematic review conducted following PRISMA and Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. Literature search was undertaken from 1990 to May 2017 on four databases (EBSCOHOST Medline/SocINDEX/PsycINFO/OVID Embase) and grey literature. Included articles were critically appraised and assessed for risk of bias. Narrative and evidence syntheses were performed by specific mental health outcomes. Results In total, 3571 results were returned, and 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. All included studies were published in English between 1995 and 2016, had cross-sectional study designs, spanned across four continents and covered 15,150 officers. Strong evidence of significant associations was identified for organisational stressors and the outcomes of: occupational stress, psychiatric symptoms/psychological distress, emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment. The organisational stressors most often demonstrating consistently significant associations with mental health outcomes included lack of support, demand, job pressure, administrative/organisational pressure and long working-hours. Conclusions This review is the first to systematically examine organisational stressors and mental health in police officers. Organisational stressors that can be targeted by interventions and policy changes to secure officer wellbeing, a healthy work environment, and benefits to the organisation and the public are identified.

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