scholarly journals Impact of Annual Weather Fluctuations on Wine Production in Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britta Niklas
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Quality Categories

AbstractThis paper analyzes the impact of annual weather fluctuations on the total output of wine and on the share of output of different wine-quality categories in Germany, using a set of wine data from all thirteen German wine regions and daily weather data taken from regional weather stations. The empirical analysis suggests that rising average temperatures have a significantly positive impact on the total output of wine as well as on the output shares of wine in higher-quality categories. The number of freezing days appears to be detrimental to overall production; precipitation during the growing season impairs higher-quality wines in particular. (JEL Classifications: Q21, Q13)

scholarly journals Quantification of the Impact of Temperature, CO2, and Rainfall Changes on Swedish Annual Crops Production Using the APSIM Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Morel ◽  
Uttam Kumar ◽  
Mukhtar Ahmed ◽  
Göran Bergkvist ◽  
Marcos Lana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
The Impact

Ongoing climate change is already affecting crop production patterns worldwide. Our aim was to investigate how increasing temperature and CO2 as well as changes in precipitation could affect potential yields for different historical pedoclimatic conditions at high latitudes (i.e., >55°). The APSIM crop model was used to simulate the productivity of four annual crops (barley, forage maize, oats, and spring wheat) over five sites in Sweden ranging between 55 and 64°N. A first set of simulations was run using site-specific daily weather data acquired between 1980 and 2005. A second set of simulations was then run using incremental changes in precipitation, temperature and CO2 levels, corresponding to a range of potential future climate scenarios. All simulation sets were compared in terms of production and risk of failure. Projected future trends showed that barley and oats will reach a maximum increase in yield with a 1°C increase in temperature compared to the 1980–2005 baseline. The optimum temperature for spring wheat was similar, except at the northernmost site (63.8°N), where the highest yield was obtained with a 4°C increase in temperature. Forage maize showed best performances for temperature increases of 2–3°C in all locations, except for the northernmost site, where the highest simulated yield was reached with a 5°C increase. Changes in temperatures and CO2 were the main factors explaining the changes in productivity, with ~89% of variance explained, whereas changes in precipitation explained ~11%. At the northernmost site, forage maize, oats and spring wheat showed decreasing risk of crop failure with increasing temperatures. The results of this modeling exercise suggest that the cultivation of annual crops in Sweden should, to some degree, benefit from the expected increase of temperature in the coming decades, provided that little to no water stress affects their growth and development. These results might be relevant to agriculture studies in regions of similar latitudes, especially the Nordic countries, and support the general assumption that climate change should have a positive impact on crop production at high latitudes.

scholarly journals Impact of Extreme Weather on Healthcare Utilization by People with HIV in Metropolitan Miami

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2442
Author(s):  
Daniel Samano ◽  
Shubhayu Saha ◽  
Taylor Corbin Kot ◽  
JoNell E. Potter ◽  
Lunthita M. Duthely
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
The Impact

Extreme weather events (EWE) are expected to increase as climate change intensifies, leaving coastal regions exposed to higher risks. South Florida has the highest HIV infection rate in the United States, and disruptions in clinic utilization due to extreme weather conditions could affect adherence to treatment and increase community transmission. The objective of this study was to identify the association between EWE and HIV-clinic attendance rates at a large academic medical system serving the Miami-Dade communities. The following methods were utilized: (1) Extreme heat index (EHI) and extreme precipitation (EP) were identified using daily observations from 1990–2019 that were collected at the Miami International Airport weather station located 3.6 miles from the studied HIV clinics. Data on hurricanes, coastal storms and flooding were collected from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Storms Database (NOAA) for Miami-Dade County. (2) An all-HIV clinic registry identified scheduled daily visits during the study period (hurricane seasons from 2017–2019). (3) Daily weather data were linked to the all-HIV clinic registry, where patients’ ‘no-show’ status was the variable of interest. (4) A time-stratified, case crossover model was used to estimate the relative risk of no-show on days with a high heat index, precipitation, and/or an extreme natural event. A total of 26,444 scheduled visits were analyzed during the 383-day study period. A steady increase in the relative risk of ‘no-show’ was observed in successive categories, with a 14% increase observed on days when the heat index was extreme compared to days with a relatively low EHI, 13% on days with EP compared to days with no EP, and 10% higher on days with a reported extreme weather event compared to days without such incident. This study represents a novel approach to improving local understanding of the impacts of EWE on the HIV-population’s utilization of healthcare, particularly when the frequency and intensity of EWE is expected to increase and disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. More studies are needed to understand the impact of EWE on routine outpatient settings.

scholarly journals Integrated assessment of impact of water resources of important river basins in Eastern India under projected climate conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-606 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
The Impact

<div> <p>The impact of climate change on water resources through increased evaporation combined with regional changes in precipitation characteristics has the potential to affect mean runoff, frequency and intensity of floods and droughts, soil moisture and water supply for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. The Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) system is the largest in India with a catchment area of about 110Mha, which is more than 43% of the cumulative catchment area of all the major rivers in the country. The river Damodar is an important sub catchment of GBM basin and its three tributaries- the Bokaro, the Konar and the Barakar form one important tributary of the Bhagirathi-Hughli (a tributary of Ganga) in its lower reaches. The present study is an attempt to assess the impacts of climate change on water resources of the four important Eastern River Basins namely Damodar, Subarnarekha, Mahanadi and Ajoy, which have immense importance in industrial and agricultural scenarios in eastern India. A distributed hydrological model (HEC-HMS) has been used on the four river basins using HadRM2 daily weather data for the period from 2041 to 2060 to predict the impact of climate change on water resources of these river systems.&nbsp;</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals The Analysis of the Economic Impact of VAT on the Economic Growth in Southern Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Cosmina-Ștefania Chiricu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Aggregate Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Econometric Assessment

AbstractThe Southern Region of Europe is economically well-developed with highly industrialized urban areas and with great agricultural potential. The empirical analysis is based on an econometric assessment that measures the impact of the VAT on the rate of economic growth for years between 1996 and 2017. The empirical evidence highlighted a significant positive impact of VAT on economic growth, but a poor and ineffective use of the tax revenues during the period under review. Moreover, evidence revealed relatively high rates of VAT in the countries analyzed, with negative impact on the aggregate consumption and a diminishing effect of the consumer’s income.

Assessing the impact of climate change on crop management in winter wheat – a case study for Eastern Austria

2016 ◽  
Vol 154 (7) ◽  
pp. 1153-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. EBRAHIMI ◽  
A. M. MANSCHADI ◽  
R. W. NEUGSCHWANDTNER ◽  
J EITZINGER ◽  
S. THALER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Eastern Austria ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYClimate change is expected to affect optimum agricultural management practices for autumn-sown wheat, especially those related to sowing date and nitrogen (N) fertilization. To assess the direction and quantity of these changes for an important production region in eastern Austria, the agricultural production systems simulator was parameterized, evaluated and subsequently used to predict yield production and grain protein content under current and future conditions. Besides a baseline climate (BL, 1981–2010), climate change scenarios for the period 2035–65 were derived from three Global Circulation Models (GCMs), namely CGMR, IPCM4 and MPEH5, with two emission scenarios, A1B and B1. Crop management scenarios included a combination of three sowing dates (20 September, 20 October, 20 November) with four N fertilizer application rates (60, 120, 160, 200 kg/ha). Each management scenario was run for 100 years of stochastically generated daily weather data. The model satisfactorily simulated productivity as well as water and N use of autumn- and spring-sown wheat crops grown under different N supply levels in the 2010/11 and 2011/12 experimental seasons. Simulated wheat yields under climate change scenarios varied substantially among the three GCMs. While wheat yields for the CGMR model increased slightly above the BL scenario, under IPCM4 projections they were reduced by 29 and 32% with low or high emissions, respectively. Wheat protein appears to increase with highest increments in the climate scenarios causing the largest reductions in grain yield (IPCM4 and MPEH-A1B). Under future climatic conditions, maximum wheat yields were predicted for early sowing (September 20) with 160 kg N/ha applied at earlier dates than the current practice.

scholarly journals Investigation into the Effects of Climate Change on Reference Evapotranspiration Using the HadCM3 and LARS-WG

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Bayatvarkeshi ◽  
Binqiao Zhang ◽  
Rojin Fasihi ◽  
Rana Muhammad Adnan ◽  
Ozgur Kisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Base Period ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
A1b Scenario

This study evaluates the effect of climate change on reference evapotranspiration (ET0), which is one of the most important variables in water resources management and irrigation scheduling. For this purpose, daily weather data of 30 Iranian weather stations from 1981 and 2010 were used. The HadCM3 statistical model was applied to report the output subscale of LARS-WG and to predict the weather information by A1B, A2, and B1 scenarios in three periods: 2011–2045, 2046–2079, and 2080–2113. The ET0 values were estimated by the Ref-ET software. The results indicated that the ET0 will rise from 2011 to 2113 approximately in all stations under three scenarios. The ET0 changes percentages in the A1B scenario during three periods from 2011 to 2113 were found to be 0.98%, 5.18%, and 12.17% compared to base period, respectively, while for the B1 scenario, they were calculated as 0.67%, 4.07%, and 6.61% and for the A2 scenario, they were observed as 0.59%, 5.35%, and 9.38%, respectively. Thus, the highest increase of the ET0 will happen from 2080 to 2113 under the A1B scenario; however, the lowest will occur between 2046 and 2079 under the B1 scenario. Furthermore, the assessment of uncertainty in the ET0 calculated by the different scenarios showed that the ET0 predicted under the A2 scenario was more reliable than the others. The spatial distribution of the ET0 showed that the highest ET0 amount in all scenarios belonged to the southeast and the west of the studied area. The most noticeable point of the results was that the ET0 differs from one scenario to another and from a period to another.

scholarly journals WEATHER SENSITIVITY OF RICE YIELD: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1450011 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANUBHAB PATTANAYAK ◽  
K. S. KAVI KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Weather Sensitivity ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Level Information ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

This study estimates the weather sensitivity of rice yield in India, using disaggregated (district) level information on rice and high resolution daily weather data over the period 1969–2007. Compared to existing India specific studies on rice which consider only the effects of nighttime (minimum) temperature, the present study takes into account the effects of both nighttime and daytime (maximum) temperatures along with other weather variables on rice yield. The results suggest that both nighttime and daytime temperatures adversely affect rice during different growth phases. The effect of higher nighttime temperature on rice yield was much lower than those estimated by previous studies. Further, the negative impact of higher daytime temperature on rice yield was much larger than the impact due to higher nighttime temperature. The study further estimates that average rice yield would have been 8.4% higher had the pre-1960 climatic conditions prevailed during the period of study. This translates into an annual average loss of 4.4 million tons/yr or a cumulative loss of 172 million tons over the 39 year period for India. The paper argues that such significant loss in rice production under climate change conditions in future will have strong implications for the region's food-security and poverty, given that a large number of producers and consumers depend on rice for their livelihood and sustenance.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF CITIES AND PROVINCES IN THE MEKONG DELTA FROM 2010 TO 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Thuyen Thi Kim Nguyen ◽  
Nghi Quoc Nguyen ◽  
Phuong Hoang Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
State Sector ◽  
The Impact

The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of capital investment on the economic growth of cities and provinces in the Mekong Delta. The data were collected in 13 provinces and cities in the Mekong Delta in the period of 2010-2017 and it was collected in the spatial-temporal dimension. Therefore, it is appropriate to apply the panel data regression to the research model. The research results with the significance level of 90% pointed out several outcomes. In the structure of capital sources, private investment has the strongest impact on GRDP growth, followed by the state sector investment, while the foreign investment had no impact on the total output of the Mekong Delta’s cities and provinces. Besides, the study demonstrated that trained employees aged 15 and above, tourism revenue, and fishery production are factors that have a positive impact on the economic growth of the cities and provinces in the Mekong Delta.

scholarly journals Consumers’ Decision‑Making in Online Grocery Shopping: The Impact of Services Offered and Delivery Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1239-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka Bauerová
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Grocery Shopping ◽  
Online Purchase ◽  
Consumer Decision Process ◽  
Purchase Process ◽  
Online Consumer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The growing consumer interest in buying food online has caused that online grocery shopping (OGS) is the current most evolving e‑commerce category. Therefore, focus on the factors influencing e‑consumer’s decision‑making is an important key to tailor optimal marketing strategy. OGS is specific due to the food aspects (quality, freshness and durability) as well as to the offered services and delivery conditions of the online purchase process. The aim of the paper is to extend external factors of online consumer decision process and examine the influence of offered services and delivery conditions toward consumer’s decision‑making in online grocery shopping. The paper focuses primarily on the choice of the type of service and the determination of delivery conditions that have a positive impact on the customer’s decision‑making. The empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of Czech online grocery buyers involving 536 respondents interviewed online. The results show the high customer sensitivity in delivery time and charge, while the impact of the minimum required order on the consumer’s intention to shop grocery online is not so decisive. The results suggest the Delivery Passes is the consumer most requested service and could play a role in building loyalty.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change on Viticulture and Wine Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis van Leeuwen ◽  
Philippe Darriet
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Valuable Resource ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Extreme Climatic Events ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Jel Classifications

AbstractClimate change is a major challenge in wine production. Temperatures are increasing worldwide, and most regions are exposed to water deficits more frequently. Higher temperatures trigger advanced phenology. This shifts the ripening phase to warmer periods in the summer, which will affect grape composition, in particular with respect to aroma compounds. Increased water stress reduces yields and modifies fruit composition. The frequency of extreme climatic events (hail, flooding) is likely to increase. Depending on the region and the amount of change, this may have positive or negative implications on wine quality. Adaptation strategies are needed to continue to produce high-quality wines and to preserve their typicity according to their origin in a changing climate. The choice of plant material is a valuable resource to implement these strategies. (JEL Classifications: Q13, Q54)

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