Early Developmental Progress of Preterm Twins Discordant for Birthweight and Risk

1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stauffer ◽  
W.J. Burns ◽  
K.A. Burns ◽  
J. Melamed ◽  
C.E. Herman
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Developmental Progress ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Bayley Scales

AbstractStudies of developmental progress in high-risk twins have disparate findings. In this study, we report the outcome of 45 twin pairs born between 26 and 37 weeks gestation, and whose birthweights ranged from 840 to 2000 g. No significant differences were found for weight, risk and birth order. However, earlier preterm infants were found to have significantly lower mental scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 24 months, and lower IQ scores on the Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale at 36 months. These findings imply that gestational age is a powerful variable in determining developmental outcome.

Effects of Early Intervention and Stimulation on the Preterm Infant

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Susan A. Leib ◽  
D. Gary Benfield ◽  
John Guidubaldi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enrichment Program

To test the hypothesis that early intervention can enhance the development of high-risk preterm infants, a prescribed multimodal sensory enrichment program, within a regional neonatal intensive care unit, was designed and implemented. Twenty-eight appropriate-for-gestational age infants with birth weights between 1,200 and 1,800 gm were selected for study. To prevent control group contamination by the enrichment procedure, the first 14 infants were designated as the control group, and the next 14 as the treatment group. Treated infants had significantly higher developmental status than control infants, as measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, at six months past the maternal expected date of confinement (F = 14.98, P < .001, and F = 16.46, P < .001 for the mental and motor scales, respectively). Mean infant weight gain per day and mean total weight gain during the hospitalization were not significantly different for the two groups although the treatment group received significantly less calories per kilogram per day than the control group (F = 9.02 P < .006). Our data suggest that a prescribed intervention program for high-risk preterm infants appears to enhance the quality of development as measured at six months past the expected date of confinement. Further studies are necessary to determine the long-term value of early intervention and the apparent ability of infants receiving an enrichment program to utilize calories more efficiently than control infants.

Fathers' Hospital Visits to Their Preterm Infants as a Predictor of Father-Infant Relationship and Infant Development

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Rachel Levy-Shiff ◽  
Michael A. Hoffman ◽  
Salli Mogilner ◽  
Susan Levinger ◽  
Mario B. Mogilner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Hospital Visits

This short-term longitudinal study assessed the degree to which the frequency of fathers' visits with their preterm infants in the hospital was associated with the quality of ongoing and long-term fathering and infant development. Data on fathering and infant development were collected during the hospital stay, at discharge, at 8 months of age, and at 18 months of age, using both questionnaires and observational schedules. The frequency of visits was significantly correlated with more extensive and positive patterns of fathering at discharge and later periods. It was also associated with more positive perceptions of the infant, as well as with weight gain during hospitalization and psychosocial aspects of later infant development during the first 18 months. The discussion emphasized possible ways in which early paternal contact in the hospital might influence fathers, mothers, and infants. The frequency of paternal visits was highlighted as a variable useful in predicting high-risk parenting.

Developmental Outcome Prediction From Acoustic Cry Analysis in Term and Preterm Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-534
Author(s):  
Barry M. Lester
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Developmental Outcome ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Perceptual Performance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Speed Computer ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Bayley Scales

It has been suggested that the cry may reflect the neurophysiologic integrity of the infant and relate to later developmental outcome. In this study, the cry was recorded at term conceptional age in 18 preterm and 13 term infants using a standardized procedure and analyzed by high-speed computer. At 18 months of age, a significant number of infants were correctly classified as scoring high or low on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development based on the mean and variability in the fundamental frequency, variability in the first formant, and the amplitude of the cry. At 5 years of age, a significant number of infants were correctly classified on the McCarthy General Cognitive Index and on the verbal, perceptual-performance, and quantitative subscales based on the variability of the fundamental frequency, variability of the first formant, and amplitude and duration of the cry. Although preliminary, this study supports the potential use of the cry as a noninvasive measure to detect developmental outcome in the infant at risk.

scholarly journals Habituation as Parameter for Prediction of Mental Development in Healthy Preterm Infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (14) ◽  
pp. 1591-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Weber ◽  
Antoinette Depoorter ◽  
Patrick Hetzel ◽  
Sakari Lemola
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Mental Development ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Equivalent Age ◽  
Developmental Index ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mental Developmental Index

The aim of this prospective pilot study was to evaluate the predictive value of discrimination and habituation, which was measured by mismatch negativity in 17 healthy very preterm (mean gestational age 27.4 weeks; range 25.0-31.3) and 16 term (mean gestational age 40.3 weeks; range 37.9-41.7) born infants at term equivalent age. Developmental outcome was measured by Bayley Scales of Infant Development–I in 13 preterm and 13 term-born children at a mean age of 21.7 months (±2.18) and 18.5 months (±1.9), respectively. No differences in amplitude and latency of the mismatch negativity were found between both groups at term equivalent age. Within the preterm group habituation capacity was positively correlated with the Mental Developmental Index ( r = .654, P = .008) and Performance Developmental Index ( r = .482, P = .048) at 21 months. Early learning capability, as measured by habituation, may be associated with a better prognosis for early mental development in healthy preterm infants.

“Womb” Literacy: Reading to Infants in the NICU

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Wilson Jones ◽  
Donna Englestad
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Repeating A Grade ◽  
High Risk Infants

PROMOTING LITERACY IS NOT generally one of the top priorities in the care of high-risk infants in the NICU. Basic survival and tending to medical needs are obviously the most pressing concerns. However, we know from various studies that high-risk infants are at greater risk for less-than-optimal cognitive outcomes.1–3 For example, preterm infants are at greater risk than term infants for lower overall IQ scores, repeating a grade, and failing to graduate from high school.1,2 Interventions to improve the academic achievement of children are most effective when begun in the preschool years.4

An Examination of the Stability of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development with High-Risk Infants

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Cook ◽  
Loreta Holder-Brown ◽  
Lawrence J. Johnson ◽  
Jennifer L. Kilgo
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
Bayley Scales

scholarly journals Influence of Maternal Preeclampsia on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Halil Degirmencioglu ◽  
Birgul Say ◽  
Zeynep Ustunyurt ◽  
Serife Suna Oguz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
The Mean

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to determine the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants born to mothers with preeclampsia and to compare them with preterm controls.</p><p><strong>Study design:</strong> This was a retrospective, observational study in a large, tertiary, neonatal intensive care unit. Neurodevelopmental evaluations using Bayley Scales of Infant Development II were performed in 226 two-year-old infants with birth weight ≤1500 g and gestational age ≤32 weeks who were born to mothers with preeclampsia and in 493 infants who were born after normotensive pregnancies, matched for gestational age and gender.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean gestational ages of the infants in the preeclampsia and control groups were 29.9±2.3 weeks and 28.7±4.1 weeks, respectively (p&lt;0.001). A total of 372 infants with a mean age of 19.2±3.2 months were assessed for long-term outcome. The mean mental developmental index score was significantly higher, and the percentage of infants with cerebral palsy was significantly lower, in the preeclampsia group compared with the control group (p=0.03 and p=0.02, respectively). However, no overall significant differences in neurodevelopmental impairment rates were found between the two groups (p=0.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Maternal preeclampsia seems to be a protector factor for the development of cerebral palsy in preterm infants.</p>

scholarly journals Evolution of circulating thyroid hormone levels in preterm infants during the first week of life: perinatal influences and impact on neurodevelopment

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Eerdekens ◽  
Gunnar Naulaers ◽  
Els Ortibus ◽  
Johan Verhaeghe ◽  
Lies Langouche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Low T3 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background For several decades, transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity (THOP) has been a topic of debate. The pathophysiology is incompletely understood and consensus on the therapeutic approach is lacking. This study aimed at gaining a better insight into the pathogenesis by studying the trends in thyroid hormone (TH) levels during the first week of life. Methods This single-center prospective observational study analyzed the plasma levels of total thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (fT4), total triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and T4-binding globulin (TBG) in cord blood and at the end of the first week of life in 120 preterm infants (gestational age [GA] <37 weeks). The change over time was calculated (delta, ∆). The impact of perinatal and subsequently postnatal variables on ∆ was studied by hierarchical multiple regression. The impact of ∆ on the neurodevelopmental outcome at the corrected ages of 9 and 24 months, measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID)-II, was assessed by logistic regression. Results ∆fT4 levels were negatively affected by GA and use of dopamine, whereas only GA was associated with low ∆T3 levels. Negative ∆fT4 levels were present in 75% of the extremely low-for-gestational-age infants, whereas 23.5% had a negative ∆T3 level. There was an increased risk for an abnormal mental developmental score (<85) with decreasing ∆T3 at 9 months, corrected age, but not at 24 months. Conclusions A negative evolution in circulating TH levels is principally an immaturity phenomenon, whereas dopamine can further suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. There is at least a temporary negative effect of this evolution on the infants’ neurodevelopment.

Intrauterine environment and cognitive development in young twins

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Antoniou ◽  
T. Fowler ◽  
E. Thiery ◽  
T. R. Southwood ◽  
S. van Gestel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Cord Length

Intrauterine factors important for cognitive development, such as birth weight, chorionicity and umbilical cord characteristics were investigated. A total of 663 twin pairs completed the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised and scores were available for Performance, Verbal and Total Intelligence Quotient (IQ). The intrauterine factors examined were birth weight, placental weight and morphology, cord knots, cord length and cord insertion. IQ scores for the varying levels of the intrauterine markers adjusting for gender and gestational age were calculated. The heritability of IQ and the association between IQ and intrauterine environment were examined. Twins with lower birth weight and cord knots had lower IQ scores. The aetiology of IQ is largely distinct from that of birth weight and cord knots, and non-shared environment may influence the observed relationships.

Dorsal third ventricular cyst: an entity distinct from holoprosencephaly

1992 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob N. Young ◽  
W. Jerry Oakes ◽  
H. Pall Hatten
Keyword(s):  
Infant Development ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Radiological Appearance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Developmental Progress ◽  
Bayley Scales ◽  
Third Ventricular Cyst

✓ The treatment and subsequent developmental progress of six children with dorsal third ventricular cysts are described. This cystic malformation has a radiological appearance which is superficially similar to that of the dorsal cyst of alobar holoprosencephaly, especially when the third ventricular cyst is large. Indeed, previous reports have identified this abnormality as a form of holoprosencephaly. However, careful study reveals that the dorsal third ventricular cyst is a distinct entity both developmentally and clinically. The six patients in this series were effectively treated with shunts, and their subsequent developmental progress was assessed by means of the Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire-Revised as well as the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The nomenclature and differences between this entity and the holoprosencephalies are reviewed. The authors conclude that dorsal third ventricular cysts have a developmental and clinical course more similar to that of arachnoid cysts than to that of the holoprosencephalies.

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