Effects of Early Intervention and Stimulation on the Preterm Infant

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Susan A. Leib ◽  
D. Gary Benfield ◽  
John Guidubaldi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enrichment Program

To test the hypothesis that early intervention can enhance the development of high-risk preterm infants, a prescribed multimodal sensory enrichment program, within a regional neonatal intensive care unit, was designed and implemented. Twenty-eight appropriate-for-gestational age infants with birth weights between 1,200 and 1,800 gm were selected for study. To prevent control group contamination by the enrichment procedure, the first 14 infants were designated as the control group, and the next 14 as the treatment group. Treated infants had significantly higher developmental status than control infants, as measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, at six months past the maternal expected date of confinement (F = 14.98, P < .001, and F = 16.46, P < .001 for the mental and motor scales, respectively). Mean infant weight gain per day and mean total weight gain during the hospitalization were not significantly different for the two groups although the treatment group received significantly less calories per kilogram per day than the control group (F = 9.02 P < .006). Our data suggest that a prescribed intervention program for high-risk preterm infants appears to enhance the quality of development as measured at six months past the expected date of confinement. Further studies are necessary to determine the long-term value of early intervention and the apparent ability of infants receiving an enrichment program to utilize calories more efficiently than control infants.

Fathers' Hospital Visits to Their Preterm Infants as a Predictor of Father-Infant Relationship and Infant Development

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Rachel Levy-Shiff ◽  
Michael A. Hoffman ◽  
Salli Mogilner ◽  
Susan Levinger ◽  
Mario B. Mogilner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Hospital Visits

This short-term longitudinal study assessed the degree to which the frequency of fathers' visits with their preterm infants in the hospital was associated with the quality of ongoing and long-term fathering and infant development. Data on fathering and infant development were collected during the hospital stay, at discharge, at 8 months of age, and at 18 months of age, using both questionnaires and observational schedules. The frequency of visits was significantly correlated with more extensive and positive patterns of fathering at discharge and later periods. It was also associated with more positive perceptions of the infant, as well as with weight gain during hospitalization and psychosocial aspects of later infant development during the first 18 months. The discussion emphasized possible ways in which early paternal contact in the hospital might influence fathers, mothers, and infants. The frequency of paternal visits was highlighted as a variable useful in predicting high-risk parenting.

The Effect of Individualized Developmental Care Practices in Preterm Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Dilek Küçük Alemdar ◽  
Sevil İnal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Developmental Care ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Maternal Voice

Background: Preterm infants are vulnerable humans requiring much care and attention. They may be exposed to irregular noise, light, and odor in the neonatal intensive care unit for a period of several weeks or months. This study was carried out to determine the effect of individualized developmental care on physiological parameters, growth, and transition to oral feeding in preterm infants. Methods: The study was a randomized controlled trial. The sample comprised premature infants meeting the inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned to four groups: the maternal voice group, the breast milk odor (BMO) group, the incubator cover (IC) group, and the control group. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of weight, height, and head circumference at time of discharge. Mean SO2 values were statistically higher in the IC group than the other groups; however, the heart rate and respiratory rate were not statistically different in a significant sense between the groups. The briefest duration of transition to total oral feeding was seen in the BMO group. Conclusion: Individualized developmental care practices based on the results of these interventions are likely to support the care of preterm infants. Breast milk odor may ease the transition to breastfeeding.

Effectiveness of hydrocolloid nasal dressing pads in preventing nasal ulceration in preterm infants using non-invasive ventilation

MedPharmRes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Chau Vu Bao Nguyen ◽  
Tinh Thu Nguyen ◽  
Tam Thi Thanh Pham ◽  
Sen Thi Hong Lam ◽  
Le An Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Nasal Cannula ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Nasal Bridge ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hydrocolloid Dressing ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

Background: The use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in preterm infants is becoming increasingly common. The use of cannula in NIV can cause ulceration of the nasal bridge with the current practices using the thin foam patches. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrocolloid nasal dressing pads in preventing nasal ulceration comparing to that of the thin foam patches. Methods: A prospective cohort study using hydrocolloid dressing pads (1 November to 30 April 2020) was compared to that of a historical control group using thin foam dressing (1 April to 15 October 2019) to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrocolloid dressing pads. All participants were preterm infants (less than 37 weeks of gestational age) and used nasal cannula NIV at the Department of Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU), Children's Hospital 1. Results: 71 infants used hydrocolloid dressing pads, and 42 used ordinary thin foam nasal dressings. In the hydrocolloid dressings group, two infants (2.8%) had nasal ulcers; among them, one was mild, and the other was moderate. In comparison, ten infants (23.8%) using thin foam dressings developed ulcers, of which seven were mild, two were moderate, and one was severe. Using hydrocolloid nasal dressings significantly reduced nasal ulceration compared to thin foam dressings (OR = 0.09, 95%CI = 0.02 – 0.45). Conclusion: Using hydrocolloid nasal dressings for preterm infants on nasal cannula NIV significantly reduced nasal ulceration compared to ordinary thin foam dressings.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Study of music Therapy’s Effectiveness for Premature infants and their caregivers (LongSTEP): protocol for an international randomised trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e025062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Ghetti ◽  
Łucja Bieleninik ◽  
Mari Hysing ◽  
Ingrid Kvestad ◽  
Jörg Assmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Implementation And Dissemination ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionPreterm birth has major medical, psychological and socioeconomic consequences worldwide. Music therapy (MT) has positive effects on physiological measures of preterm infants and maternal anxiety, but rigorous studies including long-term follow-up are missing. Drawing on caregivers’ inherent resources, this study emphasises caregiver involvement in MT to promote attuned, developmentally appropriate musical interactions that may be of mutual benefit to infant and parent. This study will determine whether MT, as delivered by a qualified music therapist during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalisation and/or in home/municipal settings following discharge, is superior to standard care in improving bonding between primary caregivers and preterm infants, parent well-being and infant development.Methods and analysisDesign:international multicentre, assessor-blind, 2×2 factorial, pragmatic randomised controlled trial; informed by a completed feasibility study.Participants:250 preterm infants and their parents.Intervention:MT focusing on parental singing specifically tailored to infant responses, will be delivered during NICU and/or during a postdischarge 6-month period.Primary outcome:changes in mother–infant bonding at 6-month corrected age (CA), as measured by the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire.Secondary outcomes: mother–infant bonding at discharge and at 12-month CA; child development over 24 months; and parental depression, anxiety and stress, and infant rehospitalisation, all over 12 months.Ethics and disseminationThe Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics approved the study (2018/994/REK Nord, 03 July 2018). Service users were involved in development of the study and will be involved in implementation and dissemination. Dissemination of findings will apply to local, national and international levels.Trial registration numberNCT03564184

Design of a Web-Based Supporting System for Home-Centered Infant early Intervention Program

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 2054-2057
Author(s):  
Chun Hua Liu ◽  
Kai Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Early Intervention Program ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Supporting System ◽  
Early Intervention Services ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
High Risk Infants

Substantial literature indicates that it is necessary that infants receive early intervention services to improve long-term outcomes after birth. The effectiveness of parents as agents of intervention in the childs home environment is gradually realized. However, there a significant gap between the intensive service requirements for low-birth-weight (LBW) infants because the intervention requires intense one-on-one supervision by highly trained care givers. Based on web technology, we developed a supporting system to inform and teach parents in the early intervention of high risk infants. Results show the web-based training as a promising method of early intervention helps these caregivers in their practice of caring the high risk babies and may help overcome problems associated with the critical shortage of neonatal professionals.

scholarly journals Study on effect of different levels of concentrate on growth performance of both male and female lamb

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
Masum Billah ◽  
Md Humayun Kabir ◽  
Md Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Concentrate Mixture

The present study was carried out to assess the effect of concentrate on growth performances of both male and female lamb. For this purpose twenty four (12 male and 12 female) lamb aged about 5-6 months were selected and divided into three groups (Treatment group T1, T2 and control group T0). In each group having 4 males and 4 females lamb, all lambs were supplied green roughages ad-libitum, control group T0 was allowed no concentrate and treatment group T1 & T2 were supplied 100 gm & 200 gm concentrate mixture respectively for 90 days experimental period. Animals were weighed at 15 days interval. Significant differences of live weight gain among these three groups were found. Allowing 100 gm (T1) concentrate mixture along with green grass improved growth rate in both male and female lamb. Increasing of concentrate supplementation improved live weight gain (found in T2 group). Total live weight gain (kg) and average daily live weight gain (g/d) were 4.25±0.52 kg and 47.20±5.75 g, 5.38±0.83 kg and 59.73+9.17 g and 7.00±0.54 kg and 77.78±6.00 g in male lambs and 2.25±0.21 kg and 25.00±2.34 g, 3.18±0.32 kg and 35.39±3.63 g and 3.81±0.24 kg and 42.33±2.77 g in female lambs for the To, T1 and T2 groups respectively. Live weight was significantly (P<0.05) higher in male than female lambs. The results showed that 100 g concentrate supplementation with green roughages improved growth rate in lambs (male and female) under stall feeding condition. Increase of supplementation might improve nutrients supply to promote higher live weight gain.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 274-278

We Are What We Eat: Assessing the Use of a Documentary Film as an Educational Tool to Change Students’ Nutritional Attitudes and Behaviors

2020 ◽  
pp. 155982762090370
Author(s):  
Anthony Dissen ◽  
Tara Crowell
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Current Stage

Background: Identifying effective educational strategies to change lifestyle behaviors related to eating habits is imperative for health professionals providing education related to disease management and prevention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of mass media as a tool for improving dietary habits. Methods: 151 Undergraduate students participated in a quasi-experimental control group design at a midsize liberal arts university. The treatment group watched the film Forks Over Knives and was assessed on their dietary habits, locus of control, and current stage of change before and after viewing the film. Results: Results showed differences to current stage of change in reducing animal-based food consumption in the treatment group but did not show significant changes in increasing plant-based food. Discussion: This study provides evidence that use of the documentary Forks Over Knives affects students’ intake of animal-based foods but is not an impactful enough tool to increase intake of plant-based foods. Translation to Health Practice: Professionals who utilize the film Forks Over Knives to encourage dietary changes should do so as part of a more structured, long-term behavior change intervention program. Additional research is needed to compare Forks Over Knives with other documentary films that encourage plant-based dietary habits.

Randomized, surgical adjuvant clinical trial of recombinant interferon alfa-2a in selected patients with malignant melanoma.

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2776-2783 ◽  
Author(s):  
E T Creagan ◽  
R J Dalton ◽  
D L Ahmann ◽  
S H Jung ◽  
R F Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Interferon Alfa ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recombinant Interferon ◽  
Ifn Alpha

PURPOSE We conducted a randomized prospective trial in selected patients with fully resected high-risk stage I and II malignant melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Interferon alfa-2a (IFN-alpha 2a) 20 x 10(6) U/m2 was administered three times each week for 12 weeks by the intramuscular route. Both the treatment group (n = 131) and the control group (n = 131) were evenly balanced with regard to relevant prognostic discriminants. RESULTS The median disease-free survival (DFS) time was 2.4 years for the IFN-alpha 2a group and 2.0 years for the observation group (log-rank P = 0.19). The median survival times were 6.6 years for IFN-alpha 2a and 5.0 years for observation (log-rank P = .40). For stage I patients (n = 102), there was no apparent therapeutic advantage from IFN-alpha 2a therapy. The DFS for stage II patients was a median of 10.8 months in the control group versus 17 months in the treatment group. The overall survival time was 4.1 years for the treatment group versus 2.7 years for the control group. The differences in DFS for stage II patient were significant in a Cox model. These results must be interpreted cautiously because of subset analysis. A severe flu-like toxicity occurred in 44% of patients, 13% lost at least 10% of their baseline weight, and 45% experienced a worsening of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate trends that suggest a possible benefit for selected patients with high-risk malignant melanoma. The results will require further study in a larger patient population for confirmation.

The effect of fetal hypothalamus grafts on weight gain resulting from lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Erickson ◽  
Frederick D. Brown ◽  
Keith L. Schaible ◽  
Robert L. Wollmann
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Content Type

✓ Bilateral ventromedial hypothalamic lesions in female adult rats which resulted in hyperphagia and rapid weight gain were followed by placement of fetal brain tissue in the anterior third ventricle. The treatment group received fetal hypothalamus grafts, and fetal cortical tissue of identical age was grafted into the control group. A significant reduction in average daily weight gain was noted from 4 to 12 weeks following transplantation in the treatment group. At 12 weeks posttransplantation, the animals were sacrificed for histological analysis. Examination of the hypothalamus grafts revealed neurons, ependymal clusters, and axonal processes which appeared to infiltrate the surrounding hypothalamic parenchyma.

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