scholarly journals Olive oil containing olive oil fatty acid esters of plant sterols and dietary diacylglycerol reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreases the tendency for peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemic subjects

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ming Chan ◽  
Isabelle Demonty ◽  
Dori Pelled ◽  
Peter J. H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Apo B

Plant sterols (PS) and MUFA are well-documented cholesterol lowering agents. We aimed to determine the effect of PS esterified to olive oil fatty acids (PS-OO) on blood lipid profile and lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemic subjects. Twenty-one moderately overweight, hypercholesterolaemic subjects consumed three consecutive treatment diets, each lasting 28 d and separated by 4-week washout periods, using a randomized crossover design. Diets contained 30 % energy as fat, 70 % of which was provided by olive oil (OO), and differed only in the treatment oils: OO, PS esterified to sunflower oil fatty acids (PS-SO), and PS-OO. Both PS-SO and PS-OO treatments provided 1·7 g PS /d. PS-OO and PS-SO consumption resulted in a decrease (P = 0·0483) in LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations compared with the OO diet. Although total cholesterol and apo B-100 levels were not significantly affected, PS-SO and, to some extent, PS-OO reduced the total:HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (P = 0·0142) and the apo B-100:apo A-I ratio (P = 0·0168) compared with the OO diet. There were no differences across diets in lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and lipid peroxidation levels. However, following consumption of OO and PS-SO, Lp(a) concentrations increased (P = 0·0050 and 0·0421, respectively), while PS-OO treatment did not affect Lp(a) levels. Furthermore, there was a decrease (P = 0·0097) in lipid peroxidation levels with PS-OO treatment during the supplementation phase. Our results suggest that supplementing an OO-rich diet with PS-OO favourably alters the plasma lipid profile and may decrease the susceptibility of LDL-C to lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolaemic subjects.

scholarly journals Electronic and Tobacco Cigarettes Alter Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Oxidative Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajat Gupta ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Karla Luna ◽  
Anjali Logue ◽  
Alexander J Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1

Rationale: Chronic electronic cigarette (EC) users exhibit a higher susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to undergo oxidation as compared to non-user controls. However, there is a paucity of data regarding EC effects on lipid peroxidation in the blood and their relationship to cardiovascular risk. Objective: To test the hypothesis that chronic (≥1 year) EC use exerts intermediate effects on plasma lipid peroxidation and/or antioxidant defense compared to chronic tobacco cigarette (TC) smoking. Methods and Results: We enrolled EC-users (n=32), TC-smokers (n=29) and non-users (n=45), with mean ages of 28.3, 27.8 and 27.4 years, respectively. Plasma concentrations of free polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidized metabolites were assessed by mass spectrometry. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), concentrations of glutathione, bilirubin, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and functional activity of paraoxonase1 (PON1) were determined by colorimetric and enzymatic assays. Multivariable analysis was performed using classification models for segregating participants based on biomarker profiles. Plasma arachidonic acid (AA) concentration was higher in TC-smokers but lower in EC-users, together with linoleic acid (LA) concentration, as compared to TC-smokers and non-users (p<0.05). Oxidized LA metabolites (9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HODE)) were lower in EC-users and TC-smokers as compared to non-users (p<0.001). Consistently, TAC and bilirubin were elevated in EC-users and TC-smokers as compared to non-users (p<0.05). Of interest, plasma HO-1 concentration was higher in TC-smokers as compared to non-users (p=0.01) with intermediate levels in EC-users. Multivariable analysis identified 5 biomarkers (13-HODE, LA, 9-HODE, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), AA) that discriminated EC-users from TC-smokers and non-users with an accuracy of 73.4%. Conclusions: Chronic use of EC induces common (i.e. lower 9- and/or 13-HODEs and higher TAC and bilirubin) as well as differential effects (i.e. altered AA and LA concentrations) to those induced by TC, along with intermediate plasma HO-1 concentration, suggesting that EC, likewise TC smoke, could impact cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Plasma lipid profile of mice fed diet supplemented with broiler fat

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Das ◽  
ME Hossain ◽  
MA Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile

This study was conducted with 180 female Swiss albino mice to examine the effects of supplementing broiler fat in the diets of mice on blood lipid profile. Twenty one days old mice were collected from ICDDRB, Mohakhali, Dhaka. They were randomly distributed in four groups having three replications each. Each replicate group had 15 mice. Results revealed that supplementation of broiler fat in mice diet significantly changed (p<0.05) triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) among groups. The control group (T0) had the highest level of cholesterol and LDL. Cholesterol, TG and LDL markedly increased (p<0.05) in all dietary treatment groups, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly (p<0.01) decreased after supplementation of experimental diets. It was concluded that all the dietary treatments in general increased blood cholesterol, TG and LDL in mice fed broiler fat with different oil supplements. However, the soybean and palm oil group was comparatively better than other groups in respect of cholesterol, HDL and LDL at the blood lipid profile of mice. Therefore, it can be concluded that consumption of broiler fat with soybean and palm oil could be less harmful for mice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19380 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 21-24

scholarly journals Blood lipid profile of female and male rats in case of toxic cardiomyopathy, due to the introduction of sodium nitrite

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ya. Krynytska ◽  
M. I. Marushchak ◽  
I. O. Stahurska ◽  
I. R. Bekus ◽  
M. V. Kyryliv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile

The indices of the blood plasma lipid profile of female and male rats in case of toxic cardiomyopathy, due to the introduction of sodium nitrite were sudied. It was determined the increasing of cholesterol concentration in the blood plasma and its redistribution between lipoproteins due to reduction in high density lipoproteins and an increase in low-density lipoprotein, which have proatherogenic properties in animals of both sexes. In gender comparison of changes in blood lipid profile in case of sodium nitrite intoxication their significant prevalence in male rats was found. 

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Fatty Acids with Blood Lipids is Modified by Physical Activity in Adolescents: Results from the GINIplus and LISA Birth Cohort Studies

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1372
Author(s):  
Carla Harris ◽  
Andrea von Berg ◽  
Dietrich Berdel ◽  
Carl-Peter Bauer ◽  
Tamara Schikowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile

The role of consuming different types of fatty acids (FA) at the expense of carbohydrates (CHO), on the blood lipid profile of adolescents is largely unknown, as is the modulating effect of different levels of physical activity (PA). Children from the GINIplus and LISA birth cohorts, with complete data on dietary FA (assessed by food-frequency questionnaires), objectively-measured PA (assessed by accelerometers) and blood lipids (lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides) at age 15 years, were included (N = 837). Sex-stratified associations between dietary FA and blood lipids were assessed by linear regression in substitution models which represented isocaloric replacements of CHO with saturated FA (SFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) or n-6 PUFA. To assess the interactions with PA, analyses were then performed stratified by tertiles of different PA levels (sedentary, lifestyle, moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA)). Both sexes presented a significant inverse association between MUFA and triglycerides, and females a direct association between n-3 PUFA and high-density lipoprotein. Stratifying by PA tertiles, associations were mainly restricted to participants with the lowest levels of lifestyle PA, or the highest time spent sedentary. The effects of dietary FA on the lipid profile vary in an activity-specific manner, emphasizing possible synergistic roles of diet and PA.

Susceptibility of plasma to ferrous iron/hydrogen peroxide-mediated oxidation: demonstration of a possible Fenton reaction

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Agil ◽  
C J Fuller ◽  
I Jialal
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Model System ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Clinical Investigations

Abstract The aim of our study was to evaluate a model system by using iron in the peroxidation of plasma. Lipid peroxidation was monitored by fluorometric measurement of lipid peroxides (LPO). Plasma coincubated with Fe2+ and H2O2 had a 268% increase in plasma LPO after 1 h. The optimum concentrations were 0.42 mmol/L Fe2+ and 0.73 mol/L H2O2. Coincubation of plasma with these concentrations of Fe2+ and H2O2 separately resulted in no increase in plasma LPO. The increase in plasma LPO after oxidation with Fe2+/H2O2 was paralleled by a decrease in plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids, an increase in the relative electrophoretic mobility of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and decreases in apolipoprotein (apo) B-100 and apo A-I immunoreactivity. In vitro oxidation of LDL and high-density lipoprotein separately with this system produced increases of LPO of 246% and 128%, respectively. LPO formation in plasma was inhibited by catalase, desferrioxamine, and mannitol, but not by superoxide dismutase. Hydroxyl radical generation with Fe2+/H2O2 was evidenced by fragmentation of deoxyribose. We conclude that the Fe2+/H2O2 system, possibly by a Fenton reaction mechanism, resulted in significant plasma oxidation. This model system may be useful for examining lipid peroxidation in clinical investigations.

Melatonin Improves Lipid Profile and Ameliorates Lipid Peroxidation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inhibit Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Controlled Clinical Study

Dyslipidemia and oxidative modifications of lipid are frequently associated in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and considered the most important risk factors for cardiovascular events. Melatonin is a well-known potent antioxidant and has beneficial effect on lipid metabolism. the study was designed to evaluate if Melatonin could improve lipid profile and ameliorates lipid peroxidation. This single blind placebo controlled clinical study carried out on 41 patients with CKD who were randomized into two groups, control groups (n=20) those who received placebo cap and melatonin group those who received 5mg melatonin (n=21). Lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C)] and parameters of lipid peroxidation [oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured before and after 12 weeks of the treatment. After 12 weeks of treatment, melatonin significantly increased HDL-C and decreased LDL-C compared to the initial value. The elevation in HDL-C and reduction in LDL-C were significantly different from that in placebo group. Also, both oxLDL and MDA levels significantly lowered by melatonin compared to the baseline and to the placebo group. Collectively, the results of our study showed that melatonin has advantageous effect on lipid profile and inhibit lipid peroxidation in patients with CKD.

Effects of diets rich in ghee or olive oil on cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy adults: A 2-period, crossover, randomized trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Susan Mohammadi Hosseinabadi ◽  
Javad Nasrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular health-related effects of consuming ghee in the usual diet. Thirty healthy men and women were studied in a free-living outpatient regimen. The participants were instructed for the isocaloric inclusion of ghee or olive oil in their diets for 4 weeks using a randomized crossover design. At the end of run-in (baseline), 2-week wash-out, and interventions, fasting blood samples were drawn. In addition, 2-h postprandial blood samples were collected after ingestion of a meal containing olive oil or ghee at week 4 of each dietary intervention. Body weight was not different between the two interventions. Compared to the olive oil, the diet with ghee increased fasting plasma apolipoprotein-B (apo B) (0.09, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.17 g/L, p= 0.018) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) (0.53, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.05 mmol/L, p= 0.046) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not differ significantly between diet groups (0.29, 95% CI –0.05 to 0.63 mmol/L, p= 0.092), but had no significant effect on total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (0.75, 95% CI −0.24 to 1.74 mmol/L, p= 0.118). No significant difference was observed in fasting as well as 2-h postprandial plasma triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 concentrations. This study showed that ghee which is predominantly saturated fats had an increasing effect on plasma apo B and non-HDL-C compared to olive oil, adding further evidence to the existing recommendations to replace dietary fats high in SFA with dietary fats high in unsaturated fats to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.

scholarly journals Plasma Lipid Profile of Moderate and Severe Hypertensive Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibikunle Akinlua ◽  
Akinwumi T. Ogundajo ◽  
Olufisayo G. Oyebanji ◽  
Babajide O. Arobasalu
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Mild Hypertensive

Hypertension is the most prevalent and treatable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Elevated levels of lipid in the blood also known as hyperlipideamia or dyslipidemia have been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and most cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. This study was designed to evaluate the plasma level of lipid profile in mild and severe hypertensive patients with a view to provide information on the link between these parameters and the development and severity of hypertension. Blood samples were collected from 120 freshly diagnosed hypertensive patients consisting of 60 mild and 60 severe hypertensive patients at Wesley Guide Hospital of Obafemi Awolowo University teaching Hospital Ilesa Osun state and 60 relatively healthy subjects as control. Plasma level of lipid profile [namely High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC)] in the blood sample of both patients and control subjects were analyzed using standard methods. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis (p<0.05).The results of lipid profile in mild and severe hypertensive patients was compared to the control subjects. The results in mild hypertensive patients were also compared with the severe ones. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the plasma level of TC and LDLc in both mild and severe hypertensive patients when compared with the control subjects. Similarly a significant increase (p<0.05) was recorded in the plasma level of the both TC and LDLc in severe hypertensive patients when compared with mild hypertensive patients. However, the plasma level of HDLc in moderate and severe hypertensive patients was slightly lowered but not significant (p<0.05) while plasma TG level was not significantly different when compared with the control subjects. This study reveals a progressive increase in the plasma level of TC and LDLc from mild to severe hypertensive patients which could be a pointer to the fact that abnormalities in lipid metabolism might plays a significant role in the development and severity of hypertension.

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