scholarly journals Effect of consumption of the nutrient-dense, freshwater small fishAmblypharyngodon molaon biochemical indicators of vitamin A status in Bangladeshi children: a randomised, controlled study of efficacy

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Kongsbak ◽  
Shakuntala H. Thilsted ◽  
Mohammed A. Wahed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

In Bangladesh, some commonly consumed, indigenous, freshwater small fish species (eaten whole with bone, head and eyes) such as mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) are nutrient-dense, containing preformed vitamin A as retinol and especially 3,4-dehydroretinol. The objective of the present randomised, controlled efficacy study was to evaluate the effects of mola on biochemical indicators of vitamin A status. Children (n196), aged 3–7 years, with serum retinol 0·36–0·75 μmol/l, were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups to receive a daily test meal (6 d/week for 9 weeks) of rice and vegetable curry (no vitamin A)ad libitumand 50 g fish curry consisting of: (1) mola, 600 retinol activity equivalents (RAE) (using 40 % biological activity of 3,4-dehydroretinol isomers) (experimental group,n66); (2) rui (Labeo rohita), a large fish (no vitamin A), with added retinyl palmitate, 600 RAE (positive control group,n65); or (3) rui, 0 RAE (negative control group,n65). The nutrient compositions of the dishes were analysed. After 9 weeks, no significant treatment effects were observed for serum retinol (P = 0·52) and retinol-binding protein (P = 0·81) in the experimental group compared with the negative control, whereas the positive control improved significantly (P < 0·001). The present results do not suggest conversion of the large amount of 3,4-dehydroretinol in mola curry to retinol. Further research on the functional effect of mola in humans is needed. Mola is a nutrient-dense animal-source food, rich in haem Fe, Zn and especially Ca, thus consumption of mola in Bangladesh should continue to be encouraged.

Red Palm Oil Supplementation: A Feasible Diet-Based Approach to Improve the Vitamin A Status of Pregnant Women and Their Infants

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Radhika ◽  
P. Bhaskaram ◽  
N. Balakrishna ◽  
B. A. Ramalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Red Palm Oil ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

This double-blinded, randomized, controlled study was designed to study the effect of dietary supplementation with red palm oil during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal vitamin A status. A total of 170 women were recruited at 16 to 24 weeks of gestation and randomly assigned to an experimental group that received red palm oil to supply approximately one recommended dietary amount (RDA) (2,400 μg) of β-carotene or to a control group that received an equivalent volume of groundnut oil. The women received the oils for a period of 8 weeks, starting at 26 to 28 weeks of gestation and extending to 34 to 36 weeks of gestation. The mean postintervention (34 to 36 weeks) levels of serum retinol were 1.20 ± 0.22 (SD) μmol/L (95% CI, 1.15–1.25) in women receiving red palm oil and 0.73 ± 0.15 μmol/L (95% CI, 0.69–0.77) in their infants; these levels were significantly higher than those in women receiving groundnut oil (1.07 ± 0.26 μmol/L; 95% CI, 1.01–1.13; p < .01) and their infants (0. 62 ± 0.17 μmol/L; 95% CI, 0.57–0.67; p < .001). A significantly lower proportion of women in the red palm oil group than in the control group had vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol levels < 0.7 μmol/L) after intervention (1.5% vs. 9.7%). The proportion of women having anemia was significantly lower (p < .01) in the red palm oil-supplemented group (80.6%) than in the control group (96.7%). The mean birthweight and gestational age of the infants did not differ significantly between the two groups. An increased risk of low birthweight (p = . 003) and preterm delivery (p = . 000) was observed with decreasing serum retinol levels in the third trimester of pregnancy. These results show that red palm oil supplementation significantly improved maternal and neonatal vitamin A status and reduced the prevalence of maternal anemia. Maternal vitamin A status in the later part of pregnancy is significantly associated with fetal growth and maturation. Hence red palm oil, a rich source of bioavailable vitamin A, could be used as a diet-based approach for improving vitamin A status in pregnancy.

A Controlled Trial of Home-Based Acute Psychiatric Services

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Burns ◽  
Alan Beadsmoore ◽  
Ashok V. Bhat ◽  
Andrew Oliver ◽  
Carola Mathers
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
One Year ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Experimental Group

While research has shown community-based psychiatric care to be as good as, or better than, hospital-based care, generalisation to clinical practice has been difficult. This prospective, randomised controlled study examined a community-based approach feasible within NHS conditions. Ninety-four patients were randomly allocated to experimental and 78 to control treatments and followed for one year. The groups were well matched apart from an excess of psychotic control patients. No differences in clinical or social functioning outcome were found. Both groups improved substantially on clinical measures in the first six weeks, with some slow consolidation thereafter. There were three suicides in the control group and one in the experimental group. Access to care was better in the experimental group (93% attended assessment) than in the control group (75% attended assessment).

scholarly journals Fortification of maize meal improved the nutritional status of 1–3-year-old African children

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alufheli E Nesamvuni ◽  
Hester H Vorster ◽  
Barrie M Margetts ◽  
Annamarie Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
African Children ◽  
Maize Meal ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a vitamin-fortified maize meal to improve the nutritional status of 1–3-year-old malnourished African children.DesignA randomised parallel intervention study was used in which 21 experimental children and their families received maize meal fortified with vitamin A, thiamine, riboflavin and pyridoxine, while 23 control children and their families received unfortified maize meal. The maize meal was provided for 12 months to replace the maize meal habitually consumed by these households.MethodsSixty undernourished African children with height-for-age or weight-for-age below the 5th percentile of the National Center for Health Statistics' criteria and aged 1–3 years were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. Baseline measurements included demographic, socio-economic and dietary data, as well as height, weight, haemoglobin, haematocrit, serum retinol and retinol-binding protein (RBP). Anthropometric, blood and serum variables were measured again after 12 months of intervention. Complete baseline measurements were available for 44 children and end data for only 36. Changes in these variables from baseline to end within and between groups were assessed for significance with paired t-tests, t-tests and analysis of variances using the SPSS program, controlling for expected weight gain in this age group over 12 months. Relationships between changes in variables were examined by calculating correlation coefficients.ResultsThe children in the experimental group had a significantly (P≤0.05) higher increase in body weight than control children (4.6 kg vs. 2.0 kg) and both groups had significant (P≤0.05) but similar increases in height. The children in the experimental group showed non-significant increases in haemoglobin and serum retinol, while the control children had a significant (P = 0.007) decrease in RBP. The change in serum retinol showed a significant correlation with baseline retinol (P = 0.014), RBP (P = 0.007) and weight (P = 0.029), as well as with changes in haemoglobin (P = 0.029).ConclusionDespite a small sample size, this study showed positive effects of a vitamin-fortified maize meal on weight gain and some variables of vitamin A status in 1–3-year-old African children. The study confirmed the relationship between vitamin A and iron status. The results suggest that fortification of maize meal would be an effective strategy to address micronutrient deficiencies in small children in South Africa.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of mental simulations on the early mobilization of patients after cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Prokopowicz ◽  
Katarzyna Byrka
Keyword(s):  
Process Simulation ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Mental Simulation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simulation Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractWe aimed to investigate whether psychological intervention (single mental simulation) among women after cesarean surgery (CC) can affect their willingness to verticalize, actual verticalization, and the duration of the first mobilization. In this prospective randomised, controlled study, 150 women after CC were divided into 3 groups: experimental group with process-simulation with elements of relaxation, experimental group with outcome-simulation with elements of relaxation and control group with elements of relaxation only. After a 5-h stay in the post-operative room, women listened to a recording with a stimulation. Pain and anxiety of verticalization were measured before and after listening to the recording and after verticalization. Almost 12% more patients verticalized in the process-simulation group than in the control group. Percentages of mobilized patients were: 39.4% the process-simulation group; 32.8% in the outcome-simulation group; 27.7% controls (p = 0.073). Mobilization was 5 min longer in the process-simulation group then in control (p < 0.01). Anxiety after the simulation was a significant covariate of the willingness to verticalize, actual verticalization and time spent in mobilization. We conclude that a single mental simulation can effectively motivate patients for their first verticalization after CC. Perceived anxiety before verticalization may affect the effectiveness of interventions, so we recommend to check it at the postoperative care.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04829266.

scholarly journals Osteopromotion Capacity of Bovine Cortical Membranes in Critical Defects of Rat Calvaria: Histological and Immunohistochemical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Ferrairo Danieletto-Zanna ◽  
Vinícius Ferreira Bizelli ◽  
Guilherme André Del Arco Ramires ◽  
Tamires Melo Francatti ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Perri de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Clot ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Rat Calvaria ◽  
Experimental Group

Membranes that aid the guided bone regeneration (GBR) process have been the subject of studies of compatible biomaterials that contribute to this repair process. The present study compared different membranes used in critical-size defects of rat calvaria by assessing GBR as well as histological, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical reactions. Forty-eight male albino Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 12 each), namely, C: membrane-free control group (only blood clot, negative control group); BG: porcine collagen membrane group (Bio-Gide®, positive control group); GD: bovine cortical membrane group (first experimental group); and GDF: thicker bovine cortical membrane group (second experimental group). Rats were euthanized at 30 and 60 days postoperatively. Quantitative data from the histometric analysis were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s posttest when p<0.05. Histomorphometric results of the thicker bovine cortical membrane at 30 and 60 days were promising, showing improved new bone formation values (p<0.05), and the CD group presented similar results in both analysis periods, being surpassed only by the GDF group (p<0.05). The immunohistochemical results were associated with the histomorphometric data. A less-thick membrane also assisted in GBR. All membranes promoted GBR, especially the positive control and experimental groups.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin and Lycopene Content Do Not Affect Beta-Carotene Bioefficacy from Multicolored Carrots in Male Mongolian Gerbils

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
Mikayla Kaeppler ◽  
Jordan Smith ◽  
Christopher Davis ◽  
Philipp Simon ◽  
Sherry Tanumihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Mongolian Gerbils ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Freeze Dried

Abstract Objectives Increasing provitamin A carotenoid consumption is one way to combat vitamin A (VA) deficiency, which is a public health problem in various countries. Multicolored carrots contain provitamin A carotenoids as well as other bioactive phytochemicals, such as anthocyanins and lycopene. Two studies in male Mongolian gerbils were conducted to assess the bioefficacy of β-carotene (BC) with simultaneous consumption of anthocyanins and lycopene from multicolored carrots. Methods In Study 1 (n = 65), BC bioefficacy was compared in gerbils fed diets with a range of lycopene concentrations, sourced from freeze-dried red carrots. Study 2 (n = 66) utilized purple red carrots to create diets with varying anthocyanin content. Each study included positive and negative control groups (n = 10/group) fed white carrot VA-free feeds. Each study included 3-wk VA-depletion, baseline evaluation in 5 or 6 gerbils, and 4-wk treatment periods with 10 gerbils/treatment. HPLC analysis of liver VA stores and serum VA were performed. Results In Study 1, there were no differences among groups. These results may have been influenced by an unanticipated high variation in gerbil starting weight, which was correlated to their final hepatic VA stores. In Study 2, vitamin A liver stores (0.21 ± 0.08 μmol/g) of the treatment groups did not differ from baseline (0.23 ± 0.06 μmol/g) or the positive control group (0.22 ± 0.08 μmol/g), but all groups significantly differed from the negative control group (0.11 ± 0.07μmol/g). Serum retinol concentrations did not correlate with the hepatic VA stores in either study. Conclusions These results confirm previous studies that BC is bioavailable from purple red carrots. The results from Study 2, suggest that simultaneous consumption of carotenoids and anthocyanins do not impact the relative bioavailability of BC. These results add more evidence that serum VA concentrations do not accurately represent hepatic VA stores at deficient to normal concentrations. Funding Sources California Fresh Carrot Advisory Board and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number 2016–51,181-25,400 (PWS).

scholarly journals The effect of planned training given to women with preeclamptic pregnancy on oxidative stress and anxiety levels: non-randomised controlled-study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
emel tasci ◽  
serdal ogut ◽  
mehmet özkaya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to studying the effects of planned training given to women with preeclamptic pregnancy on stress-anxiety and oxidative stress levels. A non-randomised controlled-study study, carried out in Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinics of Research and Application Hospital of one university. In the study, 28 preeclamptic patients matching the sampling criteria were taken as the experimental group and 22 other preeclamptic patients who also match the sampling criteria constituted the control group. Questionnaire, scale application and laboratory evaluation for the control group were performed only once. In the experimental group, there is a statistically significant difference between the TAS (mmol trolox equ./L) (t = -9.71 P = 0.00) and the TOS (lmol H2O2 equ./L) (t = 6.56 P = 0.00) measurements before and after the training and there is a statistically significant difference between the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (t = 3.64 P = 0.00) before and after the training. It has been determined in the study that the planned training given to the pregnant women who received a diagnosis of preeclampsia has decreased their oxidative stress levels and state anxiety levels.

scholarly journals Tissue injuries of wistar rats treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Sonchus oleraceus L.

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciele Carla Prichoa ◽  
Silvane Souza Roman ◽  
Vanusa Manfredini
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus ◽  
Experimental Group

The use of plant species is emerging as an important alternative in the treatment of injuries. Therefore, the extract of Sonchus oleraceus 10% was employed in the repair of skin lesions. A total of 36 male Wistar rats were subjected to a punch injury and divided into three groups: a negative control, receiving no treatment, a positive control, treated with Dersani, and the experimental group treated with the extract. The injury was assessed macroscopically and microscopically. Morphometric data was collected at the 3rd, 5th and 7th postoperative day, and the experimental group showed greater changes in shrinkage of the lesion compared to control groups. On the 3rd postoperative day, the injury in the experimental group showed less necrotic tissue, lower slough and more granulation tissue in relation to the positive control group. On the 7th and 10th postoperative day, the injury in the experimental group showed lower slough compared to the positive control group. Microscopic analysis of lesions on the 5th postoperative day revealed increased fibroplasia in the experimental group compared to control groups, while on the 14th postoperative day less neovascularization was evident in the experimental group and increased formation of hair follicles in the negative control group. The extract of S. oleraceus provided tissue repair in accordance with normal physiological patterns thus confirming empirical evidence for its use.

scholarly journals Is traditional herbal mix composition effective on wound healing?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Serap Gokce Eskin ◽  
Yucel Basimoglu Koca ◽  
Serdal Ogut
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: Wound healing is a dynamic process that includes biochemical and physiological phenomena. Studies confirm that plants are used in wound healing to a great extent.  Antique oil (HBX 2371) has been produced as a traditional herbal mixed. This herbal mixture contains sesame oil, thyme oil, olive leaf, fig seed, grape seed, turmeric, and cinnamon. We evaluated traditional plant mixed oil ( Antique oil) for its wound-healing activity using an excision wound model in rats. Methods: The study used a preclinical, in vivo experimental, and analytical design. In the study, a total of 21 Sprague-Dawley rats, including 7 as experimental group, 7 as negative-control group, and 7 as positive-control group, were used. After the ischemic wound was created in experimental animals, the research data relating to the histochemical changes and biochemical parameters of the wound healing parameters were collected Results: A to research in experimental group fibroblast count, collagen density, fat cells, epithelization scores higher than the other groups and inflammatory cell density lower than the others. According to the results of the study, the highest TAC value (3.94 ± 0.21) was determined in the experimental group and results showed that antique oil administration decreased the TOC value. Conclusion: In conclusion, it was observed that antique oil prevented the wound changes induced by the incision, increased the repair of the epidermal and dermal structure in a short time, increased the antioxidant level, and decreased the oxidation level. Clinical studies are recommended.

scholarly journals History of Fortification of Margarine with Vitamin A in the Philippines

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentino S. Solon
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Experimental Group

The search for a suitable vehicle for vitamin A fortification in the Philippines led in 1991 to Star Margarine, a hydrogenated margarine product that had been popular in the country since 1931. The initial study to determine the stability of β-carotene and vitamin A (retinol palmitate) in the product showed high percentages of vitamin A retention and good thermal stability, as indicated by high vitamin A recovery after being heated. Later, a double-blind, randomized community trial to determine the effects of consumption of non-refrigerated vitamin A—fortified margarine on the vitamin A status of three- to six-year-old children also showed an increase in mean serum retinol in the experimental group and a decrease in the control group after six months of daily consumption of the product. The multiple adjusted increment over control was 2.4 μg/dl ( p<.001). The prevalence of low serum retinol (<20 μg/dl) decreased from 25.7% to 10.1% in the experimental group but remained unchanged in controls (26.7% to 27.7%) ( p<.01 at six months). Although its vitamin A content has been increased so that each serving of one tablespoon provides 100% of the recommended dietary allowance for Filipino young children, the marketed product has remained affordable to consumers and has been made more accessible by reducing container sizes. It has also received the Department of Health seal of recognition as a product that meets national fortification standards. The fortification of Star Margarine exemplifies the close collaboration of government and non-governmental organizations, industry, academics, and other sectors in confronting a public health problem.

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