scholarly journals Urinary isoflavonoid excretion is similar after consuming soya milk and miso soup in Japanese-American women

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertraud Maskarinec ◽  
Kirsten Watts ◽  
Jamie Kagihara ◽  
Sandra M. Hebshi ◽  
Adrian A. Franke
Keyword(s):  
Urine Sample ◽  
The Other ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Soya Milk ◽  
Spot Urine Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Japanese Ancestry

Based on the hypothesis that isoflavones are absorbed more efficiently from fermented than from non-fermented soya foods, we compared the urinary isoflavonoid excretion (UIE) after intake of miso soup or soya milk. We recruited twenty-one women with Japanese ancestry who consumed standardized soya portions containing 48 mg isoflavones. On day 1, half the women consumed soya milk, the other half started with miso soup. On day 3, the subjects ate the other soya food and on day 5, they repeated the first food. Each participant collected a spot urine sample before and an overnight urine sample after soya food intake. All urine samples were analysed for daidzein, genistein and equol using LC–MS and were expressed as nmol/mg creatinine. We applied mixed models to evaluate the difference in UIE by food while including the baseline values and covariates. Relative to baseline, both groups experienced significantly higher UIE after consuming any of the soya foods. We observed no significant difference in UIE when soya milk was compared to miso soup (P = 0·87) among all women or in the seven equol producers (P = 0·88). Repeated intake of the same food on different days showed high reproducibility within subjects. These preliminary results indicate similar UIE after consuming a fermented soya food (miso) as compared to a non-fermented soya food (soya milk). Therefore, recommendations favouring fermented soya foods are not justified as long as the intestinal microflora is capable of hydrolysing the isoflavone glucosides from non-fermented soya foods.

Low sodium to potassium ratio in spot urine sample is associated with progression to acute kidney injury and mortality in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elayne Cristina Morais Rateke ◽  
Camila Matiollo ◽  
Emerita Quintina de Andrade Moura ◽  
Michelle Andrigueti ◽  
Claudia Maccali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Spot Urine Sample

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS PRODUK DAN MINAT MENABUNG PADA LPD DESA ADAT TAJUN DENGAN DESA ADAT TEGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Eka Swarnadi Luh ◽  
Ketut Budi Susrusa ◽  
Ida Ayu Listia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

LPDs are non-bank financial institutions that are regulated and approved by the Regional Regulations of the Province of Bali. The management of LPD is fully handed over to the relevant Pakraman village. In line with the rapid development of LPDs, it turns out that on the other hand it shows diverse performance, so that LPDs need to pay attention to the level of product quality and customer interest in the products offered.            The purpose of the study was to determine the comparison of product quality and interest in saving at the Tajun Traditional Village LPD with the Traditional Village of Tegal. The number of samples from Tajun Adat Village LPD was 98 people and the LPD of Tegal Traditional Village was 84 people. The research data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the quality of the products of the Adat Village of Tajun LPD and the Traditional Village of Tegal. This difference is indicated by indicators of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness and empathy. The product quality of Tajun Adat Village's LPD is better than the traditional village of Tegal. There is a significant difference between the interest in saving the traditional village of Tajun LPD and the traditional village of Tegal. The difference is in the indicator of confidence. Interest in Saving Tajun Indigenous Village LPD is higher than the Traditional Village of Tegal.

scholarly journals A comparison of animated versus static images in an instructional multimedia presentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Daly ◽  
J. M. Bulloch ◽  
M. Ma ◽  
D. Aidulis
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multimedia Presentation ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Essay Question ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Video Compositing

Sophisticated three-dimensional animation and video compositing software enables the creation of complex multimedia instructional movies. However, if the design of such presentations does not take account of cognitive load and multimedia theories, then their effectiveness as learning aids will be compromised. We investigated the use of animated images versus still images by creating two versions of a 4-min multimedia presentation on vascular neuroeffector transmission. One version comprised narration and animations, whereas the other animation comprised narration and still images. Fifty-four undergraduate students from level 3 pharmacology and physiology undergraduate degrees participated. Half of the students watched the full animation, and the other half watched the stills only. Students watched the presentation once and then answered a short essay question. Answers were coded and marked blind. The “animation” group scored 3.7 (SE: 0.4; out of 11), whereas the “stills” group scored 3.2 (SE: 0.5). The difference was not statistically significant. Further analysis of bonus marks, awarded for appropriate terminology use, detected a significant difference in one class (pharmacology) who scored 0.6 (SE: 0.2) versus 0.1 (SE: 0.1) for the animation versus stills group, respectively ( P = 0.04). However, when combined with the physiology group, the significance disappeared. Feedback from students was extremely positive and identified four main themes of interest. In conclusion, while increasing student satisfaction, we do not find strong evidence in favor of animated images over still images in this particular format. We also discuss the study design and offer suggestions for further investigations of this type.

Differential diagnosis of proteinuria in a spot urine sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. S478-S479
Author(s):  
A. González Raya ◽  
R. Coca Zuñiga ◽  
E. Martín Sálido ◽  
G. Callejón Martín ◽  
A. Lendinez Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Spot Urine Sample

scholarly journals Comparing the Effects of Two Feeding Methods on Metabolic Bone Disease in Newborns with Very Low Birth Weights

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Lotfi ◽  
Kobra Shiasi ◽  
Razieh Amini ◽  
Mohammad Jahangiri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Metabolic Bone Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Preterm Formula ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
The Difference

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION: </strong>Bone metabolic disease is an important issue in newborns with very low birth weight. The 80 percent of the transport of calcium (Ca) and phosphor (P) from mother to fetus takes place in the third trimester of pregnancy. This transport process is impaired with the preterm delivery of the newborn. On the other side, breast milk and formula are not competent resources to supply sufficient amounts of Ca and P to meet the requirements of the preterm newborn, thereby a greater reduction in the storage of these minerals. The current study has been done with the purpose of comparing the effects of two feeding methods on the indices of metabolic bone disease in newborns with very low birth weights (VLBW).</p> <p><strong>MATERIALS &amp; METHODS:</strong> The study design was cohort and the study was done on a total of 58 newborns with very low birth weights in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital. The newborns were divided into two groups with 29 placed in the group of alternate feeding on preterm formula (preNan) and the other 29 placed in the group of breast milk and preterm formula (preNan). Eventually, the indices of bone metabolic disease were measured in both groups and were statistically analyzed.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The difference between the mean serum levels of Ca in different weeks and also between the two groups were significant (p=0.001). However, the changes in mean serum level of P in the two groups were not significant (P=0.151). The comparison of serum levels of alkaline phosphatase between the two groups indicated that their difference was significant and that they had been influenced by the feeding method (P=0.001). The serum level of bicarbonate, when compared between the two groups, was found to make a significant difference (P=0.001). The difference between the two feeding methods in precipitating rickets and osteopenia was not significant.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> According to the findings of current study, feeding on preterm formula (preNan) is associated with better and more desirable results, though the occurrence of rickets in the two groups had no significant difference.</p>

scholarly journals Optical characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust) on glaciers: the relationship between light absorbency and the property of organic matter contained in the cryoconite

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chemical Conditions

AbstractOptical characteristics of the cryoconite collected from nine glaciers in the Himalaya, Tibet and the Arctic (Canada and Svalbard) were analyzed. The spectral light reflectance (visible region) of the cryoconite on the six glaciers in the Arctic and the Himalayawas generally low, indicating high light absorbency (dark coloration) of the cryoconite. In contrast, the spectral reflectances of the cryoconite on the three glaciers in Tibet were significantly higher than on the other glaciers. There was no significant difference in the spectral reflectance of mineral particles contained in the cryoconite between the Tibetan and the other glaciers, indicating that the difference in the albedo of the cryoconites is not due to the mineral particles, but due to organic matter contained in the cryoconite. Chemical analysis of the organic matter in the cryoconites revealed that the light absorbency of cryoconites is due to the amount of humic substances, which are dark-colored organic substances, the residue of bacterial decomposition of organic matter. The cryoconite of the three glaciers in Tibet contained significantly smaller amounts of humic substances than that of the other glaciers, probably due to different biological or chemical conditions. Results show that the formation of the humic substances in the cryoconite affects its optical characteristics, and possibly affects the surface albedo of the glaciers.

scholarly journals Determining an Upper Reference Value for the Urinary Fluoride-Creatinine Ratio in Healthy Children Younger than 7 Years

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vida Zohoori ◽  
A. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Urine Sample ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Spot Urine Sample ◽  
Urinary Fluoride

The urinary fluoride/creatinine ratio (UF/Cr) in a spot urine sample could be a useful systemic F exposure monitoring tool. No reference value for UF/Cr currently exists, therefore this study aimed to establish an upper reference value for a UF/Cr, corresponding to excessive systemic F exposure, i.e., >0.07 mg F/kg body weight (b.w.)/day, in children. Subsidiary aims were to examine the relationship between (i) total daily F intake (TDFI) and 24-h urinary F excretion (DUFE); (ii) DUFE and UF/Cr, and (iii) TDFI and UF/Cr. Simultaneously collected TDFI, DUFE, and urinary creatinine (UCr) data in children <7 years were taken from UK studies conducted from 2002 to 2014 in order to calculate UF/Cr (mg/g) for each child. For the 158 children (mean age 5.8 years) included in the data analysis, mean TDFI and DUFE were 0.049 (SD 0.033) and 0.016 (SD 0.008) mg/kg b.w./day, respectively, and the mean UF/Cr was 1.21 (SD 0.61) mg/g. Significant (p < 0.001) positive linear correlations were found between TDFI and DUFE, DUFE and UF/Cr, and TDFI and UF/Cr. The estimated upper reference value for UF/Cr was 1.69 mg/g; this was significantly (p = 0.019) higher than the UF/Cr (1.29) associated with optimal F exposure (0.05-0.07 mg/kg b.w./day). In conclusion, the strong positive correlation between TDFI and UF/Cr confirms the strong association of these 2 F exposure variables and the value of a spot urine sample for prediction of TDFI (i.e., the most important risk factor in determining fluorosis occurrence and severity) in young children. Establishing an estimation of an upper reference value of 1.69 mg/g for UF/Cr in spot urine samples could simplify and facilitate their use as a valuable tool in large epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Microalbumin measurement alone or calculation of the albumin/creatinine ratio for the screening of hypertension patients?

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Derhaschnig ◽  
Harald Kittler ◽  
Christian Woisetschläger ◽  
Andreas Bur ◽  
Harald Herkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urine Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Spot Urine Sample ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve

Abstract Background. Spot urine sampling seems to be a reliable screening method for the detection of microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients. It remains unclear whether microalbumin measurement alone or calculation of the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) are more reliable for the detection of microalbuminuria in non-selected hypertensive patients. Methods. Following collection of a spot, midstream urine sample, urine was collected for 24 h for the measurement of microalbumin in 264 hypertensive patients. We compared microalbumin concentration in the spot urine with microalbumin measured in the 24-h urine sample and examined the utility of the ACR in evaluating microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients. Pathologic microalbuminuria was assumed when the microalbumin concentration exceeded 30 mg/l in the 24-h urine sample. Diagnostic performance is expressed in terms of specificity, sensitivity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV), and area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). Results. A total of 47 samples (17.8%) showed pathologic microalbuminuria in the 24-h urine sample. The diagnostic performance expressed as AUC was 0.94 (95% CI 0.90–0.98) for microalbumin measurement alone and 0.94 (95% CI 0.89–0.97) for ACR. The PPV and NPV were 44.2 and 97.9% for microalbumin measurement alone. ACR revealed a PPV of 29.3% and a NPV of 96.2% for males and 42.9 and 98% for females, if a cut-off value of 2.5 mg/mmol for males and of 4.0 mg/mmol for females was used. Conclusions. The ACR did not provide any advantage compared with microalbumin measurement alone, but requires an additional determination of creatinine and the use of gender-specific cut-off values. Therefore, measurement of microalbuminuria alone in the spot urine sample is more convenient in daily clinical practice and should be used as the screening method for hypertensive patients.

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