scholarly journals Comparing the Effects of Two Feeding Methods on Metabolic Bone Disease in Newborns with Very Low Birth Weights

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Lotfi ◽  
Kobra Shiasi ◽  
Razieh Amini ◽  
Mohammad Jahangiri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Metabolic Bone Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Preterm Formula ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
The Difference

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION: </strong>Bone metabolic disease is an important issue in newborns with very low birth weight. The 80 percent of the transport of calcium (Ca) and phosphor (P) from mother to fetus takes place in the third trimester of pregnancy. This transport process is impaired with the preterm delivery of the newborn. On the other side, breast milk and formula are not competent resources to supply sufficient amounts of Ca and P to meet the requirements of the preterm newborn, thereby a greater reduction in the storage of these minerals. The current study has been done with the purpose of comparing the effects of two feeding methods on the indices of metabolic bone disease in newborns with very low birth weights (VLBW).</p> <p><strong>MATERIALS &amp; METHODS:</strong> The study design was cohort and the study was done on a total of 58 newborns with very low birth weights in Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital. The newborns were divided into two groups with 29 placed in the group of alternate feeding on preterm formula (preNan) and the other 29 placed in the group of breast milk and preterm formula (preNan). Eventually, the indices of bone metabolic disease were measured in both groups and were statistically analyzed.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The difference between the mean serum levels of Ca in different weeks and also between the two groups were significant (p=0.001). However, the changes in mean serum level of P in the two groups were not significant (P=0.151). The comparison of serum levels of alkaline phosphatase between the two groups indicated that their difference was significant and that they had been influenced by the feeding method (P=0.001). The serum level of bicarbonate, when compared between the two groups, was found to make a significant difference (P=0.001). The difference between the two feeding methods in precipitating rickets and osteopenia was not significant.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> According to the findings of current study, feeding on preterm formula (preNan) is associated with better and more desirable results, though the occurrence of rickets in the two groups had no significant difference.</p>

Serum otolin-1 as a biomarker for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
D V K Irugu ◽  
A Singh ◽  
H Yadav ◽  
H Verma ◽  
R Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate serum otolin-1 levels in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and to compare these levels with healthy individuals. Method This was a case-control study. After obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance, the serum level of otolin-1 was calculated in adult individuals (18–75 years old) who were divided into group 1 (patients presenting with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo) and group 2 (healthy patients without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the control group). Data analysis was carried out to compare the serum levels in the cases and controls. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 70 age-matched individuals (cases, n = 40; controls, n = 30) were included in the study. The mean serum level of otolin-1 was 636.8 pg/ml (range, 259–981 pg/ml) in the group of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and 236.2 pg/ml (range, 189–370 pg/ml) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0000). Conclusion The serum levels of otolin-1 in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo are significantly higher compared with individuals without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

scholarly journals The Association Between Serum Levels of Leptin and Lipid Profiles in Cardiovascular Patients With Valve Calcification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Lotfi ◽  
Mohsen Molaie ◽  
Ehsan Mohammadi Noori ◽  
Khalil Soleiman ◽  
Amir Kiani
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Valve Calcification ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities

Adipose tissue-derived hormones known as adipokines, like leptin, have multiple bioactions. Notwithstanding the key roles of leptin in regulating energy homeostasis and metabolism, its cardiovascular functions are complex and not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum concentrations of leptin and lipid profiles in patients with valve calcification. Seventy-two patients with valve calcification and 72 healthy individuals participated in this case-control study. The serum levels of biochemical markers and leptin were measured by the standard enzymatic methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, respectively. Significantly increased serum concentrations of FBS (P=0.001), urea (P<0.0001), creatinine (P=0.018), P (P<0.0001), LDL-C (P=0.011) and lower Ca (P=0.006), and HDL-C (P<0.0001) levels were observed in patients compared to controls. There was no significant difference in the serum level of TG and TC of patients than controls. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly increased in patients relative to controls (P<0.0001). However, a significantly diminished serum level of leptin was observed in patients than controls (P<0.0001). The correlation analysis demonstrated that the serum leptin concentration is negatively correlated with creatinine, but it is positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (P=0.0302, P=0.0362, respectively). There was no statistically significant association between serum levels of leptin and lipid profiles. Our findings indicated dyslipidemia and reduced serum leptin concentrations in patients with valve calcification, suggesting the role of lipid abnormalities and reduced leptin levels in the development and pathogenesis of valve calcification diseases.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS PRODUK DAN MINAT MENABUNG PADA LPD DESA ADAT TAJUN DENGAN DESA ADAT TEGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Eka Swarnadi Luh ◽  
Ketut Budi Susrusa ◽  
Ida Ayu Listia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

LPDs are non-bank financial institutions that are regulated and approved by the Regional Regulations of the Province of Bali. The management of LPD is fully handed over to the relevant Pakraman village. In line with the rapid development of LPDs, it turns out that on the other hand it shows diverse performance, so that LPDs need to pay attention to the level of product quality and customer interest in the products offered.            The purpose of the study was to determine the comparison of product quality and interest in saving at the Tajun Traditional Village LPD with the Traditional Village of Tegal. The number of samples from Tajun Adat Village LPD was 98 people and the LPD of Tegal Traditional Village was 84 people. The research data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the quality of the products of the Adat Village of Tajun LPD and the Traditional Village of Tegal. This difference is indicated by indicators of physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness and empathy. The product quality of Tajun Adat Village's LPD is better than the traditional village of Tegal. There is a significant difference between the interest in saving the traditional village of Tajun LPD and the traditional village of Tegal. The difference is in the indicator of confidence. Interest in Saving Tajun Indigenous Village LPD is higher than the Traditional Village of Tegal.

scholarly journals A comparison of animated versus static images in an instructional multimedia presentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Daly ◽  
J. M. Bulloch ◽  
M. Ma ◽  
D. Aidulis
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multimedia Presentation ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Essay Question ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Video Compositing

Sophisticated three-dimensional animation and video compositing software enables the creation of complex multimedia instructional movies. However, if the design of such presentations does not take account of cognitive load and multimedia theories, then their effectiveness as learning aids will be compromised. We investigated the use of animated images versus still images by creating two versions of a 4-min multimedia presentation on vascular neuroeffector transmission. One version comprised narration and animations, whereas the other animation comprised narration and still images. Fifty-four undergraduate students from level 3 pharmacology and physiology undergraduate degrees participated. Half of the students watched the full animation, and the other half watched the stills only. Students watched the presentation once and then answered a short essay question. Answers were coded and marked blind. The “animation” group scored 3.7 (SE: 0.4; out of 11), whereas the “stills” group scored 3.2 (SE: 0.5). The difference was not statistically significant. Further analysis of bonus marks, awarded for appropriate terminology use, detected a significant difference in one class (pharmacology) who scored 0.6 (SE: 0.2) versus 0.1 (SE: 0.1) for the animation versus stills group, respectively ( P = 0.04). However, when combined with the physiology group, the significance disappeared. Feedback from students was extremely positive and identified four main themes of interest. In conclusion, while increasing student satisfaction, we do not find strong evidence in favor of animated images over still images in this particular format. We also discuss the study design and offer suggestions for further investigations of this type.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the concentration of malondialdehyde and nitrite in patients with sickle cell anemia treated or not with hydroxyurea

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcielle Bruna Dias Elias ◽  
Rivelilson Mendes de Freitas ◽  
Romélia Pinheiro Gonçalves ◽  
Hemerson Yuri Ferreira Magalhães ◽  
Jacqueline Holanda de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the serum levels of malondialdehyde and nitrite in patients with sickle cell anemia treated or not with hydroxyurea in outpatient's setting. Methods: Of the 65 patients with sickle cell anemia selected for the study, 51 were not treated with hydroxyurea (Group 1), 14 made chronic use of hydroxyurea (Group 2) and 20 individuals had no hemoglobinopathies (Control Group). Results: The Control Group had a lower and more homogeneous concentration of malondialdehyde levels as compared to the other groups. The results of Groups 1 and 2 showed increased values of malondialdehyde levels when compared to the Control Group. Considering the values of Groups 1 and 2, there were no significant changes in the malondialdehyde levels. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of nitrite between the groups. Group 2 presented a statistically significant correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels and the clinical variables investigated. In turn, Group 1 showed correlation only with occurrence of three or more vaso-occlusive crises. There was no correlation between nitrite levels and the clinical variables. Conclusion: The results revealed that during the pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia, an increase in lipid peroxidation was observed. On the other hand, no changes in oxidative parameters were detected during treatment with hydroxyurea, probably due to the short period of treatment of the patients studied.

scholarly journals Optical characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust) on glaciers: the relationship between light absorbency and the property of organic matter contained in the cryoconite

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chemical Conditions

AbstractOptical characteristics of the cryoconite collected from nine glaciers in the Himalaya, Tibet and the Arctic (Canada and Svalbard) were analyzed. The spectral light reflectance (visible region) of the cryoconite on the six glaciers in the Arctic and the Himalayawas generally low, indicating high light absorbency (dark coloration) of the cryoconite. In contrast, the spectral reflectances of the cryoconite on the three glaciers in Tibet were significantly higher than on the other glaciers. There was no significant difference in the spectral reflectance of mineral particles contained in the cryoconite between the Tibetan and the other glaciers, indicating that the difference in the albedo of the cryoconites is not due to the mineral particles, but due to organic matter contained in the cryoconite. Chemical analysis of the organic matter in the cryoconites revealed that the light absorbency of cryoconites is due to the amount of humic substances, which are dark-colored organic substances, the residue of bacterial decomposition of organic matter. The cryoconite of the three glaciers in Tibet contained significantly smaller amounts of humic substances than that of the other glaciers, probably due to different biological or chemical conditions. Results show that the formation of the humic substances in the cryoconite affects its optical characteristics, and possibly affects the surface albedo of the glaciers.

Serum Profile Of Multiple Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules In Newly Diagnosed AML Patients Differs In Those Who Did Not Reach Complete Remission After Anthracycline/Cytarabine Induction Therapy

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 4997-4997
Author(s):  
Tomas Kupsa ◽  
Jan M Horacek ◽  
Martina Vasatova ◽  
Ladislav Jebavy ◽  
Pavel Zak
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Cytokines and adhesion molecules have been studied as markers of immune system activation in various diseases including AML/MDS. Cytokines are soluble molecules taking part in intercellular communication with a specific role in cell proliferation and differentiation control. Further knowledge gained from multiple cytokine and adhesion molecule analysis should allow better diagnosis and disease management. Aims The aim of our study was to evaluate baseline serum levels of multiple cytokines and adhesion molecules in Caucasian population AML patients and compare it with standard prognostic indicators in patients with AML. Methods A total of 28 consecutive newly diagnosed AML patients (11 males, 17 females, age 21 to 71 years, mean 52.3 ± 12.1, median 55.4 years, 8 with better risk, 13 with intermediate risk, 7 with high risk according to cytogenetics and molecular genetics) were administered 3+7 induction regimen with escalated dose of daunorubicin 90mg/m2. We evaluated serum levels of the following 22 cytokines and adhesion molecules: interleukins (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-23), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), epidermal growth factor (EGF), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), E-selectin, L-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). All biomarkers were measured by biochip array technology on Evidence Investigator analyzer (Randox) at the diagnosis of AML and compared with standard prognostic indicators in AML. Probability values (p) < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results As there was no significant difference between younger and elderly patients, we evaluated the cohort as a whole. Comparing serum cytokine and adhesion molecule levels in patients who did not achieve CR after induction therapy (n=6, 21.5%) to those who achieved CR (n=22, 78,5%) a statistically significant increase in serum IL-2 (5.42 ± 5.42 ng/L vs. 2.02 ± 1.84 ng/L; p < 0,05), IL-7 (11.71 ± 10.77 ng/L vs. 3.50 ± 1.51 ng/L; p < 0.05), IL-8 (241.9 ± 225.3 ng/L vs. 34.31 ± 25.47 ng/L; p < 0.005), IL-10 (7.74 ± 6.83 ng/L vs. 2.83± 2.68 ng/L; p < 0.05) was found. Both groups differed from healthy individuals in serum levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin and L-selectin. We found moderate inverse correlation between overall survival and levels of VCAM-1 and E-selectin. There was no significant difference in cytokines and adhesion molecules levels among established prognostic subgroups in AML. Conclusions The results in general are in agreement with outcome of our pilot trial. Compared with the other studies of cytokine levels in newly diagnosed AML, our data indicate different conclusions. IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 were more likely to be higher in those who attained remission (Kornblau et al., Blood 2010). We did not find association between IL-6 and IL-10 levels and survival in our studied group (Correa et al, Cytokine 2013). On the other hand we documented inverse correlation between levels of some adhesion molecules and overall survival. Whether these alterations depend on the studied population is not known definitely. To assess their predictive value for patient outcome, further studies in a larger number of patients is necessary. Acknowledgment The work was supported by Specific research project “Analysis of defined prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia” (FMHS) and by a long-term organisation development plan 1011 (FMHS). Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Laboratory Evaluation and Serum Level of Phenobarbital Administered by Different Pathways in Dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Gabriela Francisco Bittar ◽  
Gleice Laine De Souza ◽  
Gabriela Haro de Melo ◽  
Dayane Aparecida Francisco Da Silva ◽  
José Sérgio Costa Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Nasal Administration ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Anticonvulsants are widely used in the treatment of small animals for the remission of isolated seizures and recurrent seizures in epilepsy, including tonic-clonic seizures and in status epileticus. Phenobarbital is the drug of choice for the management of epileptic seizures, it is considered very effective, safe, low cost and with few side effects. Several routes of administration may be used, with the oral, intravenous and intramuscular routes being the most common, with rectal and nasal routes being the least common. Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty mongrel dogs were used in the present study (aged 1 to 6-year-old, males and females, weighing 6.0 to 17.0 kg). The patients were previously evaluated via physical examination, temperature, respiratory and heart rate, laboratory tests (erythrogram and leukogram), and serum biochemistry by analyzing the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (FA), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). Four experimental groups were established with five animals in each group: animals receiving intramuscular injections of phenobarbital (VIM), animals receiving nasal administration of phenobarbital (VN), animals receiving rectal administration of phenobarbital (VR), and animals receiving oral administration of phenobarbital (VO). Phenobarbital was administered every 12 h for 15 days. To determine the serum level of phenobarbital, 5 mL of jugular vein blood was collected in vacuum tubes for evaluation via hemogram. The serum level was determined after 15 days of continuous administration of phenobarbital, as stable phenobarbital serum levels can only be achieved from 10 to 15 days after the first administration. For the serum biochemistry evaluation, 10 mL of blood from the jugular vein was collected using vacuum syringes for assessing ALT, AST, GGT, and FA levels. Statistical analyses were performed with contrasted variation analysis using the Tukey method and paired t-test for comparison of time points. The level of significance was determined to be 5%. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) among drug administration routes, and among the levels of AST and AF enzymes after the first administration of phenobarbital via the nasal and intramuscular routes. Based on the results, it was concluded that hepatic alterations secondary to the use of phenobarbital for 15 days may occur with a low incidence. The phenobarbital serum concentration in dogs varied when administered via nasal, rectal, and intramuscular routes, but was stable when administered orally.Discussion: The current results are consistent with those of previous studies, indicating that the chronic use of phenobarbital causes an increase in the serum levels of ALT and FA enzymes. It was found that phenobarbital serum levels varied greatly, particularly following nasal, rectal, and intramuscular administration. In the present study, serum phenobarbital levels were within the normal range when administered via the intramuscular, nasal, rectal, and oral routes. This result is inconsistent with that of previous studies where the serum levels were below the normal range following oral administration of phenobarbital. The serum concentration, rather than clinical criteria, should be used as a guide for treatment modification, as the distribution of this drug varies greatly among animals.

Materials-Based Occupation versus Imagery-Based Occupation versus Rote Exercise: A Replication and Extension

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. DeKuiper ◽  
David L. Nelson ◽  
Bob E. White
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Residential Facilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vertical Distance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Distance Variable

Historically, occupational therapists have embedded exercise within occupation to enhance performance. In a recent study Lang, Nelson, and Bush (1992) compared the effects of materials-based occupation (kicking a balloon), imagery-based occupation (imagining kicking a balloon), and rote exercise on the number of exercise repetitions performed. This study extends that study by measuring the vertical distance and speed of the movement by means of Motion Analysis, Inc. digitization of videotape, in addition to exercise repetitions. The subjects included 24 women and 4 men between 76 and 98 years of age residing in residential facilities. All of the subjects experienced the three conditions but in different orders. After a statistically significant analysis of variance across the three conditions (p<.001), the Tukey procedure determined that the materials-based occupation condition elicited significantly more repetitions than the other two conditions. The difference between the imagery-based occupation and rote exercise was not statistically significant. Analyses of variance indicated no significant difference between conditions for both the vertical distance variable ( p=.074) and the speed variable ( p=.61).

scholarly journals Differences in levelFms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (sFlt-1), soluble Endoglin (s-Eng), and Placental Growth Factor (PIGF) between Early Onset Preeclampsia and Late Onset Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lita Nafratilova ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Irza Wahi
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

Early Onset Preeclampsia (EO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops before 34 weeks 'gestation, caused by intrinsic factors, while Late Onset Preeclampsia (LO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops after 34 weeks' gestation due to extrinsic and maternal factors. There is an increased production of antiangiogenic factors (sFlt-1, s-Eng and PIGF) contribute to pathophysiology of preeclampsia.This study aims to measure the difference of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF levels between EO-PE and LO-PE. This was an observational study with cross sectional design conducted at Dr. M. Djamil, TK Hospital. III dr. Reksodiwiryo and Biomedical Laboratory FK Unand Padang from August 2017 to August 2018. The sample of this study were 26 severe preeclampsia women : 13 (EO-PE)  and 13 (LO-PE), selected using consecutive sampling. Levels of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t test and Mann-Whitney Test. Results shown that serum levels of sFlt-1 and sEng in (EO-PE)  were 9.51 ± 0.71 ng / L, 1.44 ± 0.06 ng / mL, 5.79 ± 0.42 ng / mL while in PEAL it was 8, 89 ± 0.78 ng / mL, 1.35 ± 0.14 ng / mL, 6.72 ± 0.76. There were a significant difference with a value of p <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that the levels of sFlt-1 and sEng are higher in (EO-PE)  than(LO-PE)and PIGF levels was lower in (EO-PE) compared to (LO-PE)

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