scholarly journals Marine n-3 fatty acids promote size reduction of visceral adipose depots, without altering body weight and composition, in male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 995-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merethe H. Rokling-Andersen ◽  
Arild C. Rustan ◽  
Andreas J. Wensaas ◽  
Olav Kaalhus ◽  
Hege Wergedahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

We evaluated the effects of partly substituting lard with marine n-3 fatty acids (FA) on body composition and weight, adipose tissue distribution and gene expression in five adipose depots of male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. Rats were fed diets including lard (19·5 % lard) or n-3 FA (9·1 % lard and 10·4 % Triomar™) for 7 weeks. Feed consumption and weight gain were similar, whereas plasma lipid concentrations were lower in the n-3 FA group. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed smaller visceral (mesenteric, perirenal and epididymal) adipose depots in the n-3 FA-fed animals (35, 44 and 32 % reductions, respectively). n-3 FA feeding increased mRNA expression of cytokines as well as chemokines in several adipose depots. Expression of Adipoq and Pparg was enhanced in the mesenteric adipose depots of the n-3 FA-fed rats, and fasting plasma insulin levels were lowered. Expression of the lipogenic enzymes Acaca and Fasn was increased in the visceral adipose depots, whereas Dgat1 was reduced in the perirenal and epididymal depots. Cpt2 mRNA expression was almost doubled in the mesenteric depot and liver. Carcass analyses showed similar body fat (%) in the two feeding groups, indicating that n-3 FA feeding led to redistribution of fat away from the visceral compartment.

Melatonin ameliorates endocrine dysfunction and defective sperm integrity associated with high‐fat diet‐induced obesity in male Wistar rats

Andrologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Comfort Abisola Oladele ◽  
Christopher Oloruntoba Akintayo ◽  
Olabimpe Caroline Badejogbin ◽  
Adesola Adedotun Oniyide ◽  
Adams Olalekan Omoaghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Endocrine Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Histologi Lumen Dan Endotelium Arteri Dorsal Penis Tikus Wistar (Rattus Novergicus) Yang Diinduksi Pakan Tinggi Lemak

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
I Wayan Rosiana ◽  
I Gede Widhiantara
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Lumen Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Arterial Lumen ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Difference

This study aims to look at the histopathological picture of the dorsal arteries of the penis of the hiperlipidemic wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) induction by high-fat diet that seen in terms of lumen diameter and thickness of the arterial endotelium wall. Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for ateriosclerosis in the penile arteries causing erectile dysfunction in men. This study is an experimental study with a randomized posttest only control goup design. The sample are  10 individuals adult male wistar rats aged 3-4 months with a range of body weight 150-200 grams. Before treatment, adaptation was carried out for 7 days. After that the sample rats in the treatment group were made hyperlidemic by feeding lard for 50 days. Then surgery is performed for histopathological preparations at the posttest. To determine the differences in endotelium thickness and arterial lumen diameter in the two groups, an independent t-test was used. Thick diameter data of the endotelium and dorsal arteries of the penis of the wistar rat between the lower treatment group and the control group. The difference that occurred was statistically significant (p <0.05). So it can be concluded that the provision of high-fat diet (hyperlipidemia) decreases the lumen diameter and endotelium thickness of dorsal arteries penis. Keywords: Dorsal arteries, high-fat diet, Wistar rats

scholarly journals A High-Fat Diet Containing 50% Egg-Phosphatidylcholine Increased the Proportion of T Cells Expressing a Memory Marker in Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1140-1140
Author(s):  
Tianna Rusnak ◽  
Jessy Azarcoya Barrera ◽  
Bethany Wollin ◽  
Anna Thomsen ◽  
Alexander Makarowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Egg Pc

Abstract Objectives Studies have suggested that high-fat (HF) diets are associated with immune dysfunction, which results in a lower production of IL-2 and a lower proportion of helper T cells. Providing a diet containing 100% phosphatidylcholine (PC), a form of choline mainly found in eggs, has been shown to increase IL-2 production early in life. However, this is of no relevance for human consumption since no human diet will contain 100% PC. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the dose effect of egg-PC added to a high fat diet compared to a control high fat and low fat diets on T cell function in male Wistar rats. Methods At four weeks of age, male Wistar rats were randomized to consume one of 6 diets: 1- Control low fat (CLF, 10%wt/wt fat, 100% free choline (FC), n = 10); 2- Control high fat (CHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 100% FC, n = 10); 3- 100% PCHF (100PCHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 100% PC, n = 10); 4- 75% PCHF (75PCHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 75% PC, 25% FC, n = 10); 5- 50% PCHF (50PCHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 50% PC, 50% FC, n = 10); 6- 25% PCHF (25PCHF; 25% wt/wt fat, 25% PC, 75% FC, n = 10). Fatty acid composition was closely matched in all of the diets. Anthropometric data was collected through the duration of the study (12 weeks). At the end of the study, splenocytes phenotypes were measured by flow cytometry. Results From week 1 to week 10 there was no difference in body weight between the diets. Starting from week 2 the CLF group had a higher food intake compared to the other groups. The 50PCHF diet had a higher proportion of helper T cells (CD4+) compared to the CLF and CHF diets. In addition, 50PCHF had a higher proportion of helper T cells expressing IL-2 receptors (CD4+CD25+) compared to 25PCHF (P &lt; 0.05). 50PCHF also had a higher proportion of T cells expressing a memory marker (CD3+CD27+) compared with all HF diets (all P &lt; 0.05) but not the CLF diet. Conclusions Our results suggest that a diet providing 50% of total choline in the form of egg-PC normalizes the proportion of T cells expressing CD27 in the context of a HF diet which may lead to a better immune response if a second exposure to a pathogen occurs. Whether the higher proportion of helper T cells expressing the IL-2 receptor in the 50PCHF group is associated with better T cell response upon challenge remains to be investigated. Funding Sources Egg farmers of Canada, NSERC.

scholarly journals Protective role of melatonin against adipose-hepatic metabolic comorbidities in experimentally induced obese rat model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260546
Author(s):  
Mary J. Obayemi ◽  
Christopher O. Akintayo ◽  
Adesola A. Oniyide ◽  
Ayodeji Aturamu ◽  
Olabimpe C. Badejogbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background Adipose and hepatic metabolic dysfunctions are critical comorbidities that also aggravate insulin resistance in obese individuals. Melatonin is a low-cost agent and previous studies suggest that its use may promote metabolic health. However, its effects on some comorbidities associated with obesity are unknown. Herein, we investigated the hypothesis that melatonin supplementation would attenuate adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male Wistar rats. Materials and methods Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats (n = 6/group) were used: Control group received vehicle (normal saline), obese group received 40% high fat diet, melatonin-treated group received 4 mg/kg of melatonin, and obese plus melatonin group received 40% HFD and melatonin. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Results HFD caused increased food intake, body weight, insulin level, insulin resistance and plasma and liver lipid but decreased adipose lipid. In addition, HFD also increased plasma, adipose and liver malondialdehyde, IL-6, uric acid and decreased Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione, nitric oxide and circulating obestatin concentration. However, these deleterious effects except food intake were attenuated when supplemented with melatonin. Conclusion Taken together, the present results indicate that HFD exposure causes adipose-hepatic metabolic disturbance in obese animals, which are accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, the present results suggest that melatonin supplementation attenuates adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction, accompanying obesity by suppression of oxidative stress/inflammation-dependent mechanism and increasing circulating obestatin.

Effects of swim training on liver carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats fed a low-fat or high-fat diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Aguiar e Silva ◽  
Ivan José Vechetti-Junior ◽  
André Ferreira do Nascimento ◽  
Kelly Silva Furtado ◽  
Luciana Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Liver Carcinogenesis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of swim training on the promotion–progression stages of rat liver carcinogenesis. Male Wistar rats were submitted to chemically induced liver carcinogenesis and allocated into 4 major groups, according their dietary regimen (16 weeks) and swim training of 5 days per week (8 weeks): 2 groups were fed low-fat diet (LFD, 6% fat) and trained or not trained and 2 groups were fed high-fat diet (HFD, 21% fat) and trained or not trained. At week 20, the animals were killed and liver samples were processed for histological analyses; immunohistochemical detection of persistent or remodeling preneoplastic lesions (pPNL and rPNL) expressing placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) enzyme; or proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cleaved caspase-3, and bcl-2 protein levels by Western blotting or malonaldehyde (MDA) and total glutathione detection by HPLC. Overall analysis indicated that swim training reduced the body weight and body fat in both LFD and HFD groups, normalized total cholesterol levels in the HFD group while decreased the MDA levels, increased glutathione levels and both number of GST-P-positive pPNL and hepatocellular adenomas in LFD group. Also, a favorable balance in PCNA, cleaved caspase-3, and bcl-2 levels was detected in the liver from the LFD-trained group in relation to LFD-untrained group. The findings of this study indicate that the swim training protocol as a result of exercise postconditioning may attenuate liver carcinogenesis under an adequate dietary regimen with lowered fat intake.

Abstract 128: Short-Term, High-Saturated and Trans Fatty Acid Diet Increases Expression of Key Intestinal Genes Involved in Lipoprotein Metabolism in Healthy Males

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
André J Tremblay ◽  
Benoit Lamarche ◽  
Valerie Guay ◽  
Valery Lemelin ◽  
Patrick Couture
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Key Genes

Dietary saturated fat (SFA) and trans fatty acids (TFA) have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease mainly by increasing plasma LDL-C levels. The modulation of cholesterol and fatty acids homeostasis by SFA and TFA is thought to be mediated by changes in expression of key intestinal genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. However, the short-term impact of dietary fat intake on expression of these genes has not been fully investigated. To test whether short-term changes in SFA and TFA intake affects expression of key intestinal genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study using an intensive dietary modification in 12 nonobese healthy men with normal plasma lipid profile. Participants were subjected to 2 isocaloric 3-day diets: 1) high-fat diet (37% energy from fat, 15% from SFA, 3.5% from TFA and 50% energy from carbohydrate) and 2) low-fat diet (25% energy from fat, 6% from SFA, 0% from TFA and 62% energy from carbohydrate) in random order, each separated by a two-week washout period. Fasting plasma lipid levels were determined and expression of key genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism was compared by real-time PCR quantification in duodenal biopsy specimens obtained in the fasted state after 3 days of feeding on each diet. Following the 3-day high-fat diet, plasma-C (+7.4%, P=0.02), LDL-C (+16.9%, P=0.005) and HDL-C (+9.3%, P=0.002) levels were significantly increased as compared to low-fat diet. Plasma triglycerides (-31.7%, P=0.001) and apolipoprotein B-48 (-39.6%, P=0.003) levels were significantly decreased after the high-fat diet relative to the low-fat diet. The high-fat diet also resulted in significant increases in intestinal mRNA expression levels of SREBP-2, HNF-4α, PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, NPC1L1, ABCG8, FABP-2, ACAC-α, SCD-1, ELOVL5, DGAT-2, apolipoprotein B, MTTP, SAR1β and LDL receptor. These findings suggest that short-term exposure to a high-SFA and TFA diet upregulates the expression of key genes involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism at the enterocyte level.

scholarly journals Effects of chronic stress and high-fat diet on metabolic and nutritional parameters in Wistar rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 642-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Bruder-Nascimento ◽  
Dijon Henrique Salomé Campos ◽  
Carlos Alves ◽  
Samuel Thomaz ◽  
Antônio Carlos Cicogna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Level Of Significance

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was assess the role of chronic stress on the metabolic and nutritional profile of rats exposed to a high-fat diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats (70-100 g) were distributed into four groups: normal-diet (NC), chronic stress (St), high-fat diet (HD), and chronic stress/high-fat diet (HD/St). Stress consisted at immobilization during 15 weeks, 5 times per week, 1h per day; and exposure to the high-fat diet lasted 15 weeks. Nutritional and metabolic parameters were assessed. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS: The HD group had final body weight, total fat, as well as insulin and leptin increased, and they were insulin resistant. The St and HD/St had arterial hypertension and increased levels of corticosterone. Stress blocked the effects of the high-fat diet. CONCLUSION: Chronic stress prevented the appearance of obesity. Our results help to clarify the mechanisms involved in metabolic and nutritional dysfunction, and contribute to clinical cases linked to stress and high-fat diet.

scholarly journals Hyperglycaemia and reduced glucokinase expression in weanling offspring from dams maintained on a high-fat diet

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon E. Cerf ◽  
Christo J. Muller ◽  
Don F. Du Toit ◽  
Johan Louw ◽  
Sonia A. Wolfe-Coote
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycolytic Enzyme ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Fat Feeding ◽  
Cell Maintenance

High-fat feeding reduces the expression of GLUT-2 and the glycolytic enzyme glucokinase (GK). The transcription factor, pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx-1), is important for β-cell maintenance. The aim of the present study was to determine, in weanling Wistar rats, the effect of a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) during defined periods of gestation and lactation, on body weight, circulating glucose and insulin concentrations, and the expression of GLUT-2, GK and Pdx-1. At postnatal day 21, weights were recorded and glucose and insulin concentrations were measured. The expression levels for mRNA were quantified by LightCycler PCR. Pancreatic sections, immunostained for GLUT-2, GK or Pdx-1, were assessed by image analysis. Weanlings from dams fed an HFD throughout gestation were lighter, with heavier weanlings produced from dams fed an HFD throughout gestation and lactation. Both these groups of weanlings were normoglycaemic, all the others being hyperglycaemic. Hypoinsulinaemia was evident in weanlings from dams fed an HFD throughout gestation only and also for either the first week of lactation or throughout lactation. GLUT-2 mRNA expression was reduced and GLUT-2 immunoreactivity was increased in most of the weanlings. GK mRNA expression and immunoreactivity was reduced in most of the offspring. Pdx-1 mRNA expression was increased in weanlings from dams fed an HFD throughout both gestation and lactation and reduced in those from dams only fed a lactational HFD. Normal Pdx-1 immunoreactivity was found in all of the weanlings. A maternal HFD induces hyperglycaemia in weanlings concomitant with reduced GK expression which may compromise β-cell function.

scholarly journals Mogroside V Protects against Hepatic Steatosis in Mice on a High-Fat Diet and LO2 Cells Treated with Free Fatty Acids via AMPK Activation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Linghuan Li ◽  
Wanfang Zheng ◽  
Can Wang ◽  
Jiameng Qi ◽  
Hanbing Li
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Fat

Previous studies presented various beneficial effects of mogrosides extract from Siraitia grosvenorii, which has been included in the list of Medicine Food Homology Species in China. Mogroside V (MV) is one of the main ingredients in mogrosides extract; however, whether and how MV improves impaired lipid metabolism in the liver remains to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic effects of mogroside V upon hepatic steatosis in vivo and in vitro and explored the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that MV significantly ameliorated hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mice. Furthermore, the increased protein expression of PPAR-γ, SREBP-1, and FASN and mRNA expression of pparg, srebp1, scd1, and fasn in the liver in HFD-fed mice, which contribute to de novo lipogenesis, were dose-dependently reversed by MV treatment. Meanwhile, MV counteracted the suppressed expression of PPAR-α and CPT-1A and mRNA expression of atgl, hsl, ppara, and cpt1a, thus increasing lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. In addition, in free fatty acids- (FFAs-) incubated LO2 cells MV downregulated de novo lipogenesis and upregulated lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation, thereby attenuating lipid accumulation, which was significantly abrogated by treatment with Compound C, an inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Taken together, these results suggested that MV exerted a pronounced effect upon improving hepatic steatosis through regulating the disequilibrium of lipid metabolism in the liver via an AMPK-dependent pathway, providing a potential lead compound candidate for preventing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

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