scholarly journals A High-Fat Diet Containing 50% Egg-Phosphatidylcholine Increased the Proportion of T Cells Expressing a Memory Marker in Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1140-1140
Author(s):  
Tianna Rusnak ◽  
Jessy Azarcoya Barrera ◽  
Bethany Wollin ◽  
Anna Thomsen ◽  
Alexander Makarowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Egg Pc

Abstract Objectives Studies have suggested that high-fat (HF) diets are associated with immune dysfunction, which results in a lower production of IL-2 and a lower proportion of helper T cells. Providing a diet containing 100% phosphatidylcholine (PC), a form of choline mainly found in eggs, has been shown to increase IL-2 production early in life. However, this is of no relevance for human consumption since no human diet will contain 100% PC. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the dose effect of egg-PC added to a high fat diet compared to a control high fat and low fat diets on T cell function in male Wistar rats. Methods At four weeks of age, male Wistar rats were randomized to consume one of 6 diets: 1- Control low fat (CLF, 10%wt/wt fat, 100% free choline (FC), n = 10); 2- Control high fat (CHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 100% FC, n = 10); 3- 100% PCHF (100PCHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 100% PC, n = 10); 4- 75% PCHF (75PCHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 75% PC, 25% FC, n = 10); 5- 50% PCHF (50PCHF, 25% wt/wt fat, 50% PC, 50% FC, n = 10); 6- 25% PCHF (25PCHF; 25% wt/wt fat, 25% PC, 75% FC, n = 10). Fatty acid composition was closely matched in all of the diets. Anthropometric data was collected through the duration of the study (12 weeks). At the end of the study, splenocytes phenotypes were measured by flow cytometry. Results From week 1 to week 10 there was no difference in body weight between the diets. Starting from week 2 the CLF group had a higher food intake compared to the other groups. The 50PCHF diet had a higher proportion of helper T cells (CD4+) compared to the CLF and CHF diets. In addition, 50PCHF had a higher proportion of helper T cells expressing IL-2 receptors (CD4+CD25+) compared to 25PCHF (P < 0.05). 50PCHF also had a higher proportion of T cells expressing a memory marker (CD3+CD27+) compared with all HF diets (all P < 0.05) but not the CLF diet. Conclusions Our results suggest that a diet providing 50% of total choline in the form of egg-PC normalizes the proportion of T cells expressing CD27 in the context of a HF diet which may lead to a better immune response if a second exposure to a pathogen occurs. Whether the higher proportion of helper T cells expressing the IL-2 receptor in the 50PCHF group is associated with better T cell response upon challenge remains to be investigated. Funding Sources Egg farmers of Canada, NSERC.

Effects of swim training on liver carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats fed a low-fat or high-fat diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Aguiar e Silva ◽  
Ivan José Vechetti-Junior ◽  
André Ferreira do Nascimento ◽  
Kelly Silva Furtado ◽  
Luciana Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Liver Carcinogenesis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Dietary Regimen ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of swim training on the promotion–progression stages of rat liver carcinogenesis. Male Wistar rats were submitted to chemically induced liver carcinogenesis and allocated into 4 major groups, according their dietary regimen (16 weeks) and swim training of 5 days per week (8 weeks): 2 groups were fed low-fat diet (LFD, 6% fat) and trained or not trained and 2 groups were fed high-fat diet (HFD, 21% fat) and trained or not trained. At week 20, the animals were killed and liver samples were processed for histological analyses; immunohistochemical detection of persistent or remodeling preneoplastic lesions (pPNL and rPNL) expressing placental glutathione S-transferase (GST-P) enzyme; or proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cleaved caspase-3, and bcl-2 protein levels by Western blotting or malonaldehyde (MDA) and total glutathione detection by HPLC. Overall analysis indicated that swim training reduced the body weight and body fat in both LFD and HFD groups, normalized total cholesterol levels in the HFD group while decreased the MDA levels, increased glutathione levels and both number of GST-P-positive pPNL and hepatocellular adenomas in LFD group. Also, a favorable balance in PCNA, cleaved caspase-3, and bcl-2 levels was detected in the liver from the LFD-trained group in relation to LFD-untrained group. The findings of this study indicate that the swim training protocol as a result of exercise postconditioning may attenuate liver carcinogenesis under an adequate dietary regimen with lowered fat intake.

Melatonin ameliorates endocrine dysfunction and defective sperm integrity associated with high‐fat diet‐induced obesity in male Wistar rats

Andrologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Comfort Abisola Oladele ◽  
Christopher Oloruntoba Akintayo ◽  
Olabimpe Caroline Badejogbin ◽  
Adesola Adedotun Oniyide ◽  
Adams Olalekan Omoaghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Endocrine Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Abstract MP05: The Mechanism Of The Pvat Pro-inflammatory Micro-environment Formation During The Development Of High Fat Diet-induced Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yining Jin ◽  
Omar Kana ◽  
Ramya Kumar ◽  
Rance Nault ◽  
Hannah Garver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Th17 Differentiation

There is considerable evidence for a causative role for T cells in hypertension, including studies with immunosuppressive drugs and T cell-deficient models. Our previous studies showed that soluble mediators from mesenteric perivascular adipose tissue (mPVAT) modulate T cell function. Specifically, conditioned media from mPVAT (mPVAT-CM) from Dahl S rats on a high fat diet (HFD) promoted expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFNg, IL-17a and GM-CSF, by activated T cells. Furthermore, the Dahl S rats on HFD will later develop hypertension. Hypothesis: mPVAT is stimulated to produce immunomodulatory mediators that promotes Th1/17 differentiation preceding the development of HFD-induced hypertension. We conducted bulk RNA-seq on activated splenocytes cultured in mPVAT-CM from Dahl S rats on either control or HFD for 10 weeks. In accordance with our previous studies, PVAT-CM from HFD-fed rats significantly upregulated many genes associated with IFNg/IL-17 induction, including Mpeg1, Lyz2 and Tnfsf4 (5.0±1.78, 3.70±0.53 and 1.78±0.42 fold over Control diet, respectively). In contrast, Th2/Treg-associated genes, such as Ctla2a (-0.27±0.02) and Ccr4 (-0.41±0.03) were downregulated. We also performed single cell (sc) RNA-seq on the PVAT stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and found that acute inflammatory genes were enriched in the HFD group. Together with the bulk RNA-seq on mPVAT, these data strongly suggest that the pro-inflammatory mPVAT micro-environment may promote Th1/Th17 differentiation. To identify mediators in PVAT-CM that may induce Th1/Th17 differentiation, we compared the bulk RNA-seq on splenocytes cultured in PVAT-CM with bulk RNA-seq conducted on the whole mPVAT itself. We found that a T cell co-stimulatory receptor DPP4 (CD26), which is closely associated with T cell activation was significantly increased in mPVAT from HFD-fed rats (33.4±2.3 HFD vs. 15.3±1.8 Control diet). We also observed an increase in DPP4 global expression from mPVAT SVF in HFD-fed rats, as determined by scRNA-seq. Conclusion: The data suggest that HFD promotes the IFNg and IL-17a pathways in PVAT, which precedes hypertension in Dahl S rats and correlates with an increase in expression of DPP-4, a gene that promotes T cell activation. (NIH P01 HL070687).

scholarly journals Histologi Lumen Dan Endotelium Arteri Dorsal Penis Tikus Wistar (Rattus Novergicus) Yang Diinduksi Pakan Tinggi Lemak

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
I Wayan Rosiana ◽  
I Gede Widhiantara
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Lumen Diameter ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Arterial Lumen ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Difference

This study aims to look at the histopathological picture of the dorsal arteries of the penis of the hiperlipidemic wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) induction by high-fat diet that seen in terms of lumen diameter and thickness of the arterial endotelium wall. Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for ateriosclerosis in the penile arteries causing erectile dysfunction in men. This study is an experimental study with a randomized posttest only control goup design. The sample are  10 individuals adult male wistar rats aged 3-4 months with a range of body weight 150-200 grams. Before treatment, adaptation was carried out for 7 days. After that the sample rats in the treatment group were made hyperlidemic by feeding lard for 50 days. Then surgery is performed for histopathological preparations at the posttest. To determine the differences in endotelium thickness and arterial lumen diameter in the two groups, an independent t-test was used. Thick diameter data of the endotelium and dorsal arteries of the penis of the wistar rat between the lower treatment group and the control group. The difference that occurred was statistically significant (p <0.05). So it can be concluded that the provision of high-fat diet (hyperlipidemia) decreases the lumen diameter and endotelium thickness of dorsal arteries penis. Keywords: Dorsal arteries, high-fat diet, Wistar rats

scholarly journals High-fat diet-induced hypertension is associated with a proinflammatory T cell profile in male and female Dahl salt-sensitive rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (6) ◽  
pp. H1713-H1723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia E. Taylor ◽  
Ellen E. Gillis ◽  
Jacqueline B. Musall ◽  
Babak Baban ◽  
Jennifer C. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cell Profile

Evidence supports a sex difference in the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on cardiovascular outcomes, with male experimental animals exhibiting greater increases in blood pressure (BP) than female experimental animals. The immune system has been implicated in HFD-induced increases in BP, and there is a sex difference in T-cell activation in hypertension. The goal of this study was to determine the impact of HFD on BP and aortic and renal T cell profiles in male and female Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats. We hypothesized that male DSS rats would have greater increases in BP and T cell infiltration in response to a HFD compared with female DSS rats. BP was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography, and aortic and renal T cells were assessed by flow cytometric analysis in male and female DSS rats on a normal-fat diet (NFD) or HFD from 12 to 16 wk of age. Four weeks of HFD increased BP in male and female DSS rats to a similar degree. Increases in BP were accompanied by increased percentages of CD4+ T cells and T helper (Th)17 cells in both sexes, although male rats had more proinflammatory T cells. Percentages of renal CD3+ and CD4+ T cells as well as Th17 cells were increased in both sexes by the HFD, although the increase in CD3+ T cells was greater in male rats. HFD also decreased the percentage of aortic and renal regulatory T cells in both sexes, although female rats maintained more regulatory T cells than male rats regardless of diet. In conclusion, both male and female DSS rats exhibit BP sensitivity to a HFD; however, the mechanisms mediating HFD-induced increases in BP may be distinct as male rats exhibit greater increases in the percentage of proinflammatory T cells than female rats. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study demonstrates that male and female Dahl salt-sensitive rats exhibit similar increases in blood pressure to a high-fat diet and an increase in aortic and renal T cells. These results are in contrast to studies showing that female rats remain normotensive and/or upregulate regulatory T cells in response to hypertensive stimuli compared with male rats. Our data suggest that a 4-wk high-fat diet has sex-specific effects on the T cell profile in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

scholarly journals Protective role of melatonin against adipose-hepatic metabolic comorbidities in experimentally induced obese rat model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260546
Author(s):  
Mary J. Obayemi ◽  
Christopher O. Akintayo ◽  
Adesola A. Oniyide ◽  
Ayodeji Aturamu ◽  
Olabimpe C. Badejogbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background Adipose and hepatic metabolic dysfunctions are critical comorbidities that also aggravate insulin resistance in obese individuals. Melatonin is a low-cost agent and previous studies suggest that its use may promote metabolic health. However, its effects on some comorbidities associated with obesity are unknown. Herein, we investigated the hypothesis that melatonin supplementation would attenuate adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male Wistar rats. Materials and methods Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats (n = 6/group) were used: Control group received vehicle (normal saline), obese group received 40% high fat diet, melatonin-treated group received 4 mg/kg of melatonin, and obese plus melatonin group received 40% HFD and melatonin. The treatment lasted for 12 weeks. Results HFD caused increased food intake, body weight, insulin level, insulin resistance and plasma and liver lipid but decreased adipose lipid. In addition, HFD also increased plasma, adipose and liver malondialdehyde, IL-6, uric acid and decreased Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione, nitric oxide and circulating obestatin concentration. However, these deleterious effects except food intake were attenuated when supplemented with melatonin. Conclusion Taken together, the present results indicate that HFD exposure causes adipose-hepatic metabolic disturbance in obese animals, which are accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, the present results suggest that melatonin supplementation attenuates adipose-hepatic metabolic dysfunction, accompanying obesity by suppression of oxidative stress/inflammation-dependent mechanism and increasing circulating obestatin.

scholarly journals Effects of chronic stress and high-fat diet on metabolic and nutritional parameters in Wistar rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 642-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Bruder-Nascimento ◽  
Dijon Henrique Salomé Campos ◽  
Carlos Alves ◽  
Samuel Thomaz ◽  
Antônio Carlos Cicogna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Level Of Significance

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was assess the role of chronic stress on the metabolic and nutritional profile of rats exposed to a high-fat diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats (70-100 g) were distributed into four groups: normal-diet (NC), chronic stress (St), high-fat diet (HD), and chronic stress/high-fat diet (HD/St). Stress consisted at immobilization during 15 weeks, 5 times per week, 1h per day; and exposure to the high-fat diet lasted 15 weeks. Nutritional and metabolic parameters were assessed. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS: The HD group had final body weight, total fat, as well as insulin and leptin increased, and they were insulin resistant. The St and HD/St had arterial hypertension and increased levels of corticosterone. Stress blocked the effects of the high-fat diet. CONCLUSION: Chronic stress prevented the appearance of obesity. Our results help to clarify the mechanisms involved in metabolic and nutritional dysfunction, and contribute to clinical cases linked to stress and high-fat diet.

scholarly journals Marine n-3 fatty acids promote size reduction of visceral adipose depots, without altering body weight and composition, in male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 995-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merethe H. Rokling-Andersen ◽  
Arild C. Rustan ◽  
Andreas J. Wensaas ◽  
Olav Kaalhus ◽  
Hege Wergedahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Visceral Adipose

We evaluated the effects of partly substituting lard with marine n-3 fatty acids (FA) on body composition and weight, adipose tissue distribution and gene expression in five adipose depots of male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. Rats were fed diets including lard (19·5 % lard) or n-3 FA (9·1 % lard and 10·4 % Triomar™) for 7 weeks. Feed consumption and weight gain were similar, whereas plasma lipid concentrations were lower in the n-3 FA group. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed smaller visceral (mesenteric, perirenal and epididymal) adipose depots in the n-3 FA-fed animals (35, 44 and 32 % reductions, respectively). n-3 FA feeding increased mRNA expression of cytokines as well as chemokines in several adipose depots. Expression of Adipoq and Pparg was enhanced in the mesenteric adipose depots of the n-3 FA-fed rats, and fasting plasma insulin levels were lowered. Expression of the lipogenic enzymes Acaca and Fasn was increased in the visceral adipose depots, whereas Dgat1 was reduced in the perirenal and epididymal depots. Cpt2 mRNA expression was almost doubled in the mesenteric depot and liver. Carcass analyses showed similar body fat (%) in the two feeding groups, indicating that n-3 FA feeding led to redistribution of fat away from the visceral compartment.

scholarly journals Effect of cold exposure on energy balance and liver respiratory capacity in post-weaning rats fed a high-fat diet

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Iossa ◽  
Lillà Lionetti ◽  
Maria P. Mollica ◽  
Raffaella Crescenzo ◽  
Antonio Barletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Fat Feeding

Variations in energy balance, body composition, and nutrient partitioning induced by high-fat feeding, cold exposure or by concomitant high-fat feeding and cold exposure were studied in young Wistar rats. Changes in hepatic metabolism as well as in serum free triiodothyronine and leptin levels were also evaluated. Rats were exposed to either 24 or 4°C and fed either a low- or high-fat diet (10 % or 50 % energy respectively) for 2 weeks. Relative to low-fat feeding at 24°C, both energy intake and expenditure were increased by high-fat feeding or by cold exposure, and these changes were accompanied by increased serum triiodothyronine levels. In response to concomitant high-fat feeding and cold exposure, serum triiodothyronine tended to be further elevated, but no further increases in energy intake or energy expenditure were observed. Independently of diet, the increased energy expenditure in cold-exposed rats was not completely balanced by adaptive hyperphagia, with consequential reductions in protein and fat gain, accompanied by marked decreases in serum leptin. Furthermore, unlike high-fat feeding at 24°C, cold exposure enhanced hepatic mitochondrial oxidative capacity both in the low-fat- and high-fat-fed groups. It is concluded that in this strain of young Wistar rats, despite similarly marked stimulation of energy expenditure by high-fat feeding at 24°C, by cold exposure and by concomitant high-fat feeding and cold exposure, an increased hepatic oxidative capacity occurred only in the presence of the cold stimulus.

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