scholarly journals Distribution of epicatechin metabolites in lymphoid tissues and testes of young rats with a cocoa-enriched diet

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 1393-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireia Urpi-Sarda ◽  
Emma Ramiro-Puig ◽  
Nasiruddin Khan ◽  
Sara Ramos-Romero ◽  
Rafael Llorach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Lymphoid Organs ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Tandem Ms ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of

An increasing number of scientific studies support that flavanol-rich foods and beverages such as cocoa can promote human health, and are beneficial agents for the prevention of some diseases. Our previous studies showed that long-term cocoa intake enhances the antioxidant status in lymphoid organs and also modulates lymphocyte functionality in healthy young rats. Cocoa polyphenolic antioxidants seem to be the best candidates for those effects. However, data regarding polyphenol metabolites in tissues after a long-term cocoa intake are scarce. In the present study we mainly focus on the uptake and accumulation of epicatechin metabolites in lymphoid organs, including the thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymphoid nodes, as well as in the liver and testes after a diet rich in cocoa. Ten young weaned Wistar rats were fed randomly with a 10 % (w/w) cocoa diet or a control diet for 3 weeks, corresponding to their infancy and youth. Tissues were treated with a solid-phase extraction and analysed by liquid chromatography–tandem MS. The major compounds recovered in these tissues were glucuronide derivatives of epicatechin and methylepicatechin. The highest concentration of these metabolites was found in the thymus, testicles and liver, followed by lymphatic nodes and spleen. The high amount of epicatechin metabolites found in the thymus supports our previous findings showing its high antioxidant capacity compared with other tissues such as the spleen. Moreover, this is the first time that epicatechin metabolites have been found in high concentrations in the testes, confirming other studies that have suggested the testes as an important site of oxidation.

scholarly journals CD4 is expressed on murine pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 1717-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Wineman ◽  
GL Gilmore ◽  
C Gritzmacher ◽  
BE Torbett ◽  
CE Muller-Sieburg
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
First Time

Abstract We show here for the first time that pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells express the CD4 antigen. CD4+ cells isolated from mouse marrow repopulated all hematopoietic lineages in both the long-term repopulation assay and the competitive repopulation assay. This finding indicates that the CD4+ population contains primitive stem cells with extensive repopulation capacity. Interestingly, the CD4- population had significant life-sparing activity, even though this population was depleted of long-term repopulating stem cells when compared with CD4+ cells. The majority of the cells that respond to the stroma in Whitlock- Witte cultures with B-cell differentiation were recovered in the CD4- population. Thus, this bone marrow (BM)-derived B-cell precursor lacks CD4, which is in contrast to myeloid precursors and thymus-derived lymphoid precursors that reportedly express CD4. We show further that the CD4 molecule expressed on BM cells is similar in molecular weight and epitope makeup to the CD4 antigen found on thymocytes. Detection of CD4 on BM cells is dependent on using high concentrations of antibodies. Thus, it is not surprising that expression of CD4 on pluripotent stem cells has been missed previously. Taken together, our data suggest that the CD4 molecule may play an important role in lineage definition in early hematopoietic differentiation.

scholarly journals Estrogen metabolism by the equine embryo proper during the fourth week of pregnancy

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 953-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
James I Raeside ◽  
Heather L Christie ◽  
Rudolf O Waelchli ◽  
Keith J Betteridge
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Unknown Compound ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Extraembryonic Tissues

Estrogen production by the trophoblast is considered important in early equine pregnancy and leads to high concentrations in yolk-sac (Y-S) fluid. The embryo proper is a potential site for their action. We examined estrogen metabolism in the embryo proper because some actions of estrogens are derived from locally formed metabolites. The embryo proper, as well as separated extraembryonic tissues, of conceptuses collected about day 25 of pregnancy, were incubated with 3[H]-estrone (E1) and 3[H]-estradiol (E2). Steroids were recovered from media by solid-phase extraction and eluted separately as unconjugated and conjugated fractions. Profiles of free and sulfo-conjugated fractions were obtained by HPLC. Some differences and similarities were noted for the embryo proper as compared to the extraembryonic tissues. No reduction of E1 to E2 was noted for the embryo proper and allantois, but some was seen with the bilaminar Y-S wall. Less conversion of E2 to E1 occurred in the embryo proper than in the extraembryonic tissues. Profiles for hydrolyzed sulfates from incubation of the embryo proper were very similar for both substrates, mainly with E1 present. Thus, low levels of reductase and high levels of oxido- activities were apparent for the 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes. Further evidence of an active role for the embryo proper was seen as minor, polar products, and an unknown compound eluting between E2 and E1. These findings show, for the first time, that the embryo proper can metabolize estrogens that are found in Y-S fluid – a function of potential significance at this stage in its development.

scholarly journals CD4 is expressed on murine pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 1717-1724
Author(s):  
JP Wineman ◽  
GL Gilmore ◽  
C Gritzmacher ◽  
BE Torbett ◽  
CE Muller-Sieburg
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
First Time

We show here for the first time that pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells express the CD4 antigen. CD4+ cells isolated from mouse marrow repopulated all hematopoietic lineages in both the long-term repopulation assay and the competitive repopulation assay. This finding indicates that the CD4+ population contains primitive stem cells with extensive repopulation capacity. Interestingly, the CD4- population had significant life-sparing activity, even though this population was depleted of long-term repopulating stem cells when compared with CD4+ cells. The majority of the cells that respond to the stroma in Whitlock- Witte cultures with B-cell differentiation were recovered in the CD4- population. Thus, this bone marrow (BM)-derived B-cell precursor lacks CD4, which is in contrast to myeloid precursors and thymus-derived lymphoid precursors that reportedly express CD4. We show further that the CD4 molecule expressed on BM cells is similar in molecular weight and epitope makeup to the CD4 antigen found on thymocytes. Detection of CD4 on BM cells is dependent on using high concentrations of antibodies. Thus, it is not surprising that expression of CD4 on pluripotent stem cells has been missed previously. Taken together, our data suggest that the CD4 molecule may play an important role in lineage definition in early hematopoietic differentiation.

scholarly journals Application of mechanical filters for purification of electrolyte from solid products of the air and aluminum chemical cell reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-718
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Okorokova ◽  
Aleksandr Perchenok ◽  
Stanislav Sevruk ◽  
Elena Suvorova ◽  
Ariadna Farmakovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Hydroxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Alkaline Electrolyte ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Filtration Unit ◽  
Term Performance

This work presents the results of the development and application of a filtration unit - a cartridge filter with a throttle (discharge) hole - for separating the solid phase - crystalline aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3, formed during long-term operation of an air and aluminum chemical cell with alkaline electrolyte and power plants based on them. The main theoretical provisions on the filtration mechanism using the discharge hole are formulated, according to which the filtration process consists of two types of filtration - blowout piping and particle coupling. The developed method made it possible to: purify electrolyte with low friction to electrolyte flow at high concentrations of the solid phase; ensure long-term performance of the purification system with large masses of the solid phase formed; be able to quickly regenerate the electrolyte; have a small mass and volume; leave a sufficient amount of solid phase in the electrolyte so that the crystals of aluminum hydroxide passing through the filter are a seed for the crystallization of dissolved aluminum in the circuit. The studies carried out allowed us to conclude that the use of mechanical cartridge filters with an orifice hole is an effective and reliable method for cleaning the electrolyte of a power plant with an air and aluminum chemical cell.

scholarly journals Long term measurements of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric acid and ozone in Africa using passive samplers

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 4407-4461 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Adon ◽  
C. Galy-Lacaux ◽  
V. Yoboué ◽  
C. Delon ◽  
J. P. Lacaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Passive Samplers ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Remote Sites ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
First Time

Abstract. In this paper, we present the long term monitoring of ambient gaseous concentrations within the framework of the IDAF (IGAC-DEBITS-AFRICA) program. This study proposes for the first time to study long term gases concentrations (1998–2007) by determining the ambient concentration of the inorganic gases, i.e., SO2, NO2, HNO3, NH3 and O3 using passive samplers at seven remote sites in West and Central Africa. Sites are representative of a great African ecosystem and are located according a transect: dry savannas-wet savannas-forests with Banizoumbou (Niger), Katibougou and Agoufou (Mali), Djougou (Benin), Lamto (Cote d'Ivoire), Zoetele (Cameroon) and Bomassa (Congo). The validation and inter-comparison studies conducted with the IDAF passive samplers assure the quality and the control of the measurement technique to show the accuracy of the measurements. For each type of African ecosystems, we have studied the long term data series to document the levels of gaseous surface concentrations and the seasonal and interannual variations analyzed as a function of emission sources variations. We have tried to compare West and Central African gases concentrations to the results obtained in other parts of the world. Results show that the annual mean concentrations of NO2, NH3, HNO3 measured in dry savannas are higher than those measured in wet savannas and forests that have quite similar concentrations. Annual mean NO2 concentrations vary from 0.9±0.2 in forests to 2.4±0.4 ppb in the dry savannas, NH3 from 3.9±1.4 to 7.4±0.8 ppb, HNO3 from 0.2±0.1 to 0.5±0.2 ppb. Annual mean O3 and SO2 concentrations are lower for all the ecosystems and range from 4.0±0.4 to 14.0±2.8 and from 0.3±0.1 to 1.0±0.2 ppb, respectively. A focus on dry savannas processes involved in gases emission is presented in this work, explaining the high concentrations of all gases measured on the three dry savannas sites. For all gases, seasonal concentrations are higher in the wet season of dry savannas. Conversely, concentrations are higher in the dry season of wet savannas. In forest, we measure no significant difference between wet and dry seasons. This unique database of long term gases concentrations monitoring is available at: http://www.obs-mip.fr/idaf/.

Somatic Embryogenesis and In vitro Plant Regeneration in Vigna trilobata (L.) Verd. - A Potential Pasture Legume

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
K. Choudhary ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
M. S. Rathore ◽  
N. S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pasture Legume

This long term study demonstrates for the first time that it is possible to propagate embryogenic Vigna trilobata and to subsequently initiate the differentiation of embryos into complete plantlets. Initiation of callus was possible on 2,4-D. Somatic embryos differentiated on modified MS basal nutrient medium with 1.0 mg/l  of 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l  of Kn. Sustained cell division resulted in globular and heart shape stages of somatic embryos. Transfer of embryos on to a fresh modified MS basal medium with 0.5 mg/l of Kn and 0.5 mg/l of GA3 helped them to attain maturation and germination. However, the propagation of cells, as well as the differentiation of embryos, were inhibited by a continuous application of these growth regulators. For this reason, a long period on medium lacking these growth regulators was necessary before the differentiation of embryos occurred again. The consequences for improving the propagation of embryogenic cultures in Vigna species are discussed. Key words: Pasture  legume, Vigna trilobata, Globular, Heart shape, somatic embryogenesis D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4990 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 89-99, 2009 (June)

An Evaluation of Provincial Macroeconomic Performance in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Hoi Le Quoc ◽  
Nam Pham Xuan ◽  
Tuan Nguyen Anh
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Economic Development Strategy ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
First Time

The study was targeted at developing a methodology for constructing a macroeconomic performance index at a provincial level for the first time in Vietnam based on 4 groups of measurements: (i) Economic indicators; (ii) oriented economic indicators; (iii) socio-economic indicators; and (iv) economic - social – institutional indicators. Applying the methodology to the 2011 - 2015 empirical data of all provinces in Vietnam, the research shows that the socio-economic development strategy implemented by those provinces did not provide balanced outcomes between growth and social objectives, sustainability and inclusiveness. Many provinces focused on economic growth at the cost of structural change, equality and institutional transformation. In contrast, many provinces were successful in improving equality but not growth. Those facts threaten the long-term development objectives of the provinces.

NEW VARIETIES OF CURRANTS AND GOOSEBERRY BREEDING PLANTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
O. D. Golyaeva ◽  
O. V. Kurashev ◽  
S. D. Knyazev ◽  
А. Yu. Bakhotskaya
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Agricultural Sciences ◽  
Berry Crops ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
First Time ◽  
Red Currant

The main goal of the scientific institution was and remains to improve the assortment of fruit and berry crops for the development of domestic horticulture. Black currant breeding at VNIISPK was started by A.F Tamarova and continued by the doctor of agricultural Sciences T.P.Ogoltsova and doctor of agricultural Sciences S.D. Knyazev. A long-term breeding program has been developed. The main goals of the program are to create black currant cultivars with continuous resistance to diseases, first of all powdery mildew, as wells resistance to pests, i.e. bud mite. As a result of the long-term work, over 40 black currant cultivars have been developed, 14 of them are zoned. Red currant breeding was led by the candidate of agricultural Sciences L.V. Bayanova; since 2001 the work has been continued by the candidate of agricultural Sciences O.D. Golyaeva. ‘Heinemanns Rote Spӓtlese’, the descendant of R. multiflorum Kit., was involved in the red currant breeding for the first time in Russia. On its genetic basis, a series of late maturing cultivars with long and dense racemes was created. At the Institute, in total 21cultivars of red currants have been developed, 13 of them are zoned. At present, red currant cultivars make up 25.5% of the zoned assortment in Russia. The first research on gooseberries was stated by V.P. Semakin and A.F Tamarova; since 1992 the systematic gooseberry breeding has been carried out by the candidate of agricultural Sciences O.V. Kurashev. On the basis of Grossularia robusta, we have created gooseberry forms that are resistant to powdery mildew and leaf spots. These forms are highly productive, weakly thorned, having bush habit suitable for mechanized harvest. The result of breeding activities was the transfer of 6 gooseberry cultivars to State agricultural testing: ‘Solnechny Zaychik’, ‘Nekrasovsky’, ‘Yupiter’, ‘Zemlianichny’, ‘Moryachok’ and ‘Discovery’.

Anticancer Effects & Comparative Study of Thymoquinone, Cordyceps, Spirulina, Ganoderma Lucidium, Poria Cocos, and Lion’s Mane on Human Nasal Cancer Cells (RPMI-2650)

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
سعيد مزعل موازي ◽  
يحيى فائق حسين ◽  
عبد المنعم دولاني ◽  
سيف يوسف عبدالله السويدي
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Poria Cocos ◽  
Nasal Cancer ◽  
Antineoplastic Effect ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Concentrations

Recently, many studies have been conducted to discover or improve cancers treatment. The current study aims to investigate the anticancer effect of thymoquinone, cordyceps, spirulina, ganoderma lucidium, poria cocos, and lion’s mane in four different concentrations 4, 8, 16, and 32 ug (equivalent to 1 mg/mL) in two different time treatments (48 and 96 hours) on human nasal epithelial cell line RPMI 2650. By using cell culture cytotoxicity techniques and assay, the highest anticancer effect on RPMI 2650 was obtained by thymoquinone. The lowest anticancer effect was demonstrated by poria cocos and cordyceps. However, these two medications showed higher anticancer effect when given in short-term treatment (48 hours) compared to long-term treatment (96 hours). Ganoderma lucidium and spirulina showed better impact than poria cocos, cordyceps, and lion’s mane in term of cells cytotoxicity. Mild to moderate antineoplastic effect was seen by utilizing lion’s mane treatment compared other drugs. Therefore, adopting a long-term treatment of high concentrations and doses of thymoquinone, cordyceps, spirulina, ganoderma lucidium, poria cocos, and lion’s mane can be more effective in the treatment of nasal cancer. In conclusion, these drugs were found to be a promising cancer remedy; therefore, they can be utilized as alternative treatment for nasal cancer or any other type of cancer therapy.

Potential Contribution of Nutrients and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from the Creeks of Cootes Paradise Marsh

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Chow-Fraser ◽  
Barb Crosbie ◽  
Douglas Bryant ◽  
Brian McCarry
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract During the summer of 1994, we compared the physical and nutrient characteristics of the three main tributaries of Cootes Paradise: Spencer, Chedoke and Borer’s creeks. On all sampling occasions, concentrations of CHL α and nutrients were always lowest in Borer’s Creek and highest in Chedoke Creek. There were generally 10-fold higher CHL α concentrations and 2 to 10 times higher levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in Chedoke Creek compared with Spencer Creek. Despite this, the light environment did not differ significantly between Spencer and Chedoke creeks because the low algal biomass in Spencer Creek was balanced by a relatively high loading of inorganic sediments from the watershed. Laboratory experiments indicated that sediments from Chedoke Creek released up to 10 µg/g of soluble phosphorus per gram (dry weight) of sediment, compared with only 2 µg/g from Spencer Creek. By contrast, sediment samples from Spencer Creek contained levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that were as high as or higher than those from Chedoke Creek, and much higher than those found in Borer’s Creek. The distribution of normalized PAH concentrations suggests a common source of PAHs in all three tributaries, most likely automobile exhaust, since there were high concentrations of fluoranthene and pyrene, both of which are derivatives of engine combustion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document