scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids and blood pressure

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (S2) ◽  
pp. S195-S200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Cabo ◽  
Rodrigo Alonso ◽  
Pedro Mata
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Blue Fish ◽  
High Doses

Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that consumption of omega (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) contributes to the reduction of cardiovascular mortality through different mechanisms including modulation of cellular metabolic functions, gene expression and beneficial effects on lipid profile or blood pressure. The aim of the study is to review the effects of ω-3 PUFA supplemented as fish oil or blue fish in blood pressure. The analysis of different studies suggests that high doses ω-3 PUFA ( ≥  3 g/day) produces a small but significant decrease in blood pressure, especially systolic blood pressure, in older and hypertensive subjects; however, the evidence is not consistent among different studies. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids consumption might have a place in the control of patients with mild hypertension before starting drug treatment and of those who prefer changes of lifestyles like diet.

scholarly journals Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids Increase Survival and Decrease Bacterial Load in Mice Subjected to Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Sepsis

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1205-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Svahn ◽  
Marcus A. Ulleryd ◽  
Louise Grahnemo ◽  
Marcus Ståhlman ◽  
Jan Borén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Omega 6

Sepsis caused byStaphylococcus aureusis increasing in incidence. With the alarming use of antibiotics,S. aureusis prone to become methicillin resistant. Antibiotics are the only widely used pharmacological treatment for sepsis. Interestingly, mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids have better survival ofS. aureus-induced sepsis than mice fed HFD rich in saturated fatty acids (HFD-S). To investigate what component of polyunsaturated fatty acids, i.e., omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids, exerts beneficial effects on the survival ofS. aureus-induced sepsis, mice were fed HFD rich in omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids for 8 weeks prior to inoculation withS. aureus. Further, mice fed HFD-S were treated with omega-3 fatty acid metabolites known as resolvins. Mice fed HFD rich in omega-3 fatty acids had increased survival and decreased bacterial loads compared to those for mice fed HFD-S afterS. aureus-induced sepsis. Furthermore, the bacterial load was decreased in resolvin-treated mice fed HFD-S afterS. aureus-induced sepsis compared with that in mice treated with vehicle. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids increase the survival ofS. aureus-induced sepsis by reversing the deleterious effect of HFD-S on mouse survival.

Abstract P120: Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Middle-Aged Adults Reduces Cardiometabolic Risk in Men but not Women

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Newlon ◽  
Matthew Muldoon ◽  
Susan Sereika ◽  
Dora Kuan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Background: Greater consumption of omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. Randomized controlled trials indicate direct, albeit small, beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids on plasma triglycerides and blood pressure, yet few studies have tested their impact on insulin resistance and the clustered risk factors comprising the metabolic syndrome. Hypothesis: Short-term supplementation with marine omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) will improve aggregated cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in healthy middle-aged adults Methods: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical trial. Subjects were 30-54 year-old adults free of atherosclerotic disease and diabetes whose intake of EPA and DHA totaled <300 mg/day. Each was randomly assigned to daily fish oil supplements (2g/day containing 1000 mg EPA and 400mg DHA) or matching soybean oil placebo for 18 weeks. Aggregate CMR at baseline and post-intervention was calculated as the standardized sum of standardized distributions of blood pressure, BMI, and fasting serum triglycerides, glucose, and HDL (reverse scored). Missing data due to dropouts (n=17) and outliers (1-6 per variable) were replaced by multivariate imputation. Outcome analyses were conducted with linear regressions of all randomized subjects based on intention-to-treat. Results: Participants were 272 healthy adult (57% (154 out of 272) women; 17% (47 out of 272) minority; mean age 42) Pittsburgh-area residents. At baseline, demographics, health parameters, physical activity and EPA and DHA consumption did not differ significantly between treatment groups. No overall treatment effect was found, whereas gender moderated the effects of treatment on CMR risk (gender, p=.001 and gender*treatment interaction term p=.011). In gender-specific analyses, supplementation lowered CMR risk relative to placebo in men(p=.036, effect size=.629, standard error (SE) =.282) but not women (p=.168, effect size .261, SE=.222). Of the individual CMR variables, only HDL-cholesterol in men revealed a significant improvement (p=.012). In men receiving placebo, HDL-cholesterol fell by 1.1 mg/dl, whereas in those receiving fish oil, HDL rose by 1.7 mg/dl. As has been noted in other samples, compared to women men had greater CMR and lower HDL-cholesterol. Conclusions: Increased intake of n-3 fatty acids over 4 months reduced CMR in healthy, mid-life men but not women. This finding may be due to poorer baseline CMR and HDL characteristic of men, or to gender differences in fatty acid metabolism. Further study of gender differences in cardiometabolic risk and fatty acid metabolism may lead to gender-tailored preventive interventions.

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Impact on Health and Disease Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Samina Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti ◽  
Rida Fatima Saeed ◽  
Asma Saleem Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Health And Disease

Over the last decades, the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been largely explored not only for their nutritional value but also for the numerous biological functions and therapeutic effects. The serum and erythrocyte levels of PUFAs depend on the genetic control of metabolism as well as the dietary intake and are considered to reflect the health and disease status of an individual. Two families of PUFAs, omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6), have gained much attention because of their involvement in the production of bioactive lipid mediators and therefore, a balanced omega-6/omega-3 ratio is crucial in maintaining the overall health of an individual. Omega-3 PUFAs, notably eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) have been shown to exert beneficial effects, possibly due to their lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective effects, whereas omega-6 fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) exhibit the opposite properties. Even though, numerous epidemiological studies and clinical interventions have clearly established the effectiveness of omega-3 PUFAs in various pathological conditions including dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, some controversies do exist about the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs and need to be clarified. Larger clinical trials with extended follow-up periods are required along with a careful dose selection, in order to confirm the clinical significance and efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs as therapeutic agents.

Abstract W P146: Low Serum Level of Eicosapentanoic Acid (EPA) is Associated with Occurrence of Nonlobar Type Intracerebal Hemorrhage (ICH)

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhisa Akaiwa ◽  
Hiroki Takano ◽  
Hiroyuki Arakawa ◽  
Itaru Ninomiya ◽  
Masahiro Uemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Stroke Subtypes

Background: : Intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as EPA, has been reported to have protective effects on various diseases including ischemic stroke. However, there have been few studies concerning the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on hemorrhagic stroke. We studied associations of serum levels of EPA with stroke subtypes including primary ICH Methods: We have examined serum EPA and arachidonic acid (AA) levels in routine practice since 2009. To calibrate the EPA values, we calculated EPA/AA ratio. A total of 212 consecutive acute stroke patients and 27 control subjects were included. The patients 40 years old or younger were excluded. Ischemic stroke subtypes were determined based on TOAST criteria. Primary ICH was classified into lobar or nonlobar types, according to the region of the brain in which it occurred. Results: Of all the 157 ischemic stroke patients (female 47, mean age 72.9 years), 62 were classified with cardioembolic stroke (CES), 25 large-artery atherosclerotic (LAA), 22 small-vessel disease (SVD), and 48 other/undetermined causes (O/U). Of all the 55 ICH patients (female 23, mean age 71.0), 34 patients had nonlobar type, and 21 had lobar one. There were no significant intergroup differences in the mean EPA/AA ratio (p=0.525) among CES (EPA/AA= 0.67±0.42), LAA (0.70±0.30), SVD (0.65±0.45), O/U (0.62±0.38), nonlobar ICH (0.51±0.30), lobar ICH (0.64±0.33), and control (0.60±0.42) groups. However, the EPA/AA ratio of the nonlobar ICH group was considerably low. The EPA/AA ratio of the nonlobar ICH group was significantly (p=0.033) lower than that of the whole other groups (0.65±0.39) and significantly (p=0.003) lower than that of the entire ischemic stroke groups (0.67±0.40). Although the significant differences between the nonlobar ICH and the whole ischemic groups were also observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (195±37/107±25 mmHg vs 159±35/82±19 mmHg, p<0.001), multiple linear regression analyses showed the association between the EPA/AA and nonlobar ICH was independent from the blood pressure. Conclusions: Although the strongest risk factor for nonlobar ICH is hypertension, low EPA/AA ratio might play a role in the development of nonlobar ICH.

Analgesia enhancement and prevention of tolerance to morphine: beneficial effects of combined therapy with omega-3 fatty acids

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1251-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciela E. Escudero ◽  
Carolina B. Romañuk ◽  
María E. Toledo ◽  
María E. Olivera ◽  
Ruben H. Manzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals The intake assessment of diverse dietary patterns on childhood hypertension: alleviating the blood pressure and lipidemic factors with low-sodium seafood rich in omega-3 fatty acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Izadi ◽  
Leila Khedmat ◽  
Reza Tavakolizadeh ◽  
Sayed Yousef Mojtahedi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Childhood Hypertension

Abstract Background Childhood hypertension (CH) is related to the dietary intake and diversity of children. The study aimed to assess the critical role of dietary diversity, and seafood long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs) in reducing CH among the Iranian community. Methods A cross-sectional two-phase study with 7–12-year-old Iranian students was designed. In the initial phase, the socio-demographic characteristics, and blood pressure status (normal, pre-hypertension, and hypertension) based on systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure data were assessed. The 24-h dietary recall questionnaire was used to generate the dietary diversity score (DDS, count of consumed food groups) and dietary variety score (DVS, the cumulative number of daily consumed food items). In the second phase, the association between CH reduction and changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) levels of schoolchildren intervened by a seafood diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids were assessed using the regression analyses. Results The pre-hypertension and hypertension prevalence rates were 7.8 and 9.15%, respectively. CH was significantly associated with age, gender, and DDS. A significant inverse association was found between the high intake of seafood and CH (P = 0.032). The gas-chromatography analysis showed the high presence of α-linolenic (ALA, 6.72%), eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 7.62%), docosapentaenoic (DPA, 5.88%), and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 18.52%) acids in the seafood-based diet (p <  0.05). The low blood pressure levels with regular consumption of this healthy-functional diet were significantly associated with a reduction in BMI, LDL, TC, and TG, and a remarkable increase in 25OHD and HDL levels. The multiple linear regression showed that the SBP was highly associated with the TC (p <  0.001; β = 0.464). Conclusions The age and DDS were efficient predictors for the different CH status. A regular seafood-rich dietary pattern due to the high LC n-3 PUFAs contents could significantly reduce the obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors.

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