scholarly journals The impact of food addiction behaviours on the treatment of overweight students

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Viviane Bellucci Pires de Almeida ◽  
Andrea Rocha Filgueiras ◽  
Paulo Cesar Koch Nogueira ◽  
Ricardo Sesso ◽  
Ana Lydia Sawaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Multicomponent Intervention ◽  
Yale Food Addiction Scale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The present study evaluated the association of food addiction (FA), the change of the BMI/AgeZ-score, and the consumption of ultra-processed foods in overweight students undergoing a 16-month, multicomponent intervention in the school environment. FA was investigated using the Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children and the dietary assessment was estimated using the Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire in overweight 9- to 11-year-old students (BMI/ageZscore≥1) of both sexes at their baseline and after the intervention (n=120). Among the schoolchildren, 33.4% had FA in at least one of the two assessments. The analysis of mixed-effects models to assess the effect of the intervention and the change of the BMI/AgeZ-score between evaluations showed that the occurrence of FA influenced the maintenance of weight (time#FA, β=0.30, 95%CI=0.05 to 0.54), p=0.016. Weight loss was observed only in individuals who did not present FA (BMI/Age Z-score= −0.3). When evaluating the effect of the intervention and the dietary variables, we verified a reduction in the consumption of sugary milk-based drinks (−17 kcal, p=0.04) only in non-FA students at the end of the study. FA has been identified as an underlying factor with therapeutic relevance, and an enhanced understanding of FA can open new paths for the prevention and management of obesity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Retrospective Childhood Maltreatment on Eating Disorders as Mediated by Food Addiction: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Bou Khalil ◽  
Ghassan Sleilaty ◽  
Sami Richa ◽  
Maude Seneque ◽  
Sylvain Iceta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Yale Food Addiction Scale ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
The Impact

Background: The current study aimed to test whether food addiction (FA) might mediate the relationship between the presence of a history of childhood maltreatment and eating disorder (ED) symptom severity. Methods: Participants were 231 patients with ED presenting between May 2017 and January 2020 to a daycare treatment facility for assessment and management with mainly the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), the Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS 2.0). Results: Participants had a median age of 24 (interquartile range (IQR) 20–33) years and manifested anorexia nervosa (61.47%), bulimia nervosa (16.88%), binge-eating disorders (9.09%), and other types of ED (12.55%). They were grouped into those likely presenting FA (N = 154) and those without FA (N = 77). The group with FA reported higher scores on all five CTQ subscales, as well as the total score of the EDI-2 (p < 0.001). Using mediation analysis; significant indirect pathways between all CTQ subscales and the EDI-2 total score emerged via FA, with the largest indirect effect emerging for physical neglect (standardized effect = 0.208; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.127–0.29) followed by emotional abuse (standardized effect = 0.183; 95% CI 0.109–0.262). Conclusion: These results are compatible with a model in which certain types of childhood maltreatment, especially physical neglect, may induce, maintain, and/or exacerbate ED symptoms via FA which may guide future treatments.

scholarly journals EAH pregnancy preprint

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Lipsky ◽  
Kyle Stanley Burger ◽  
Myles Faith ◽  
Anna Maria Siega-Riz ◽  
Aiyi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Yale Food Addiction Scale ◽  
Power Of Food Scale

Background: Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) measures intake of highly palatable, highly processed foods when sated, and may reflect food reward sensitivity. However, it is unknown whether EAH occurs in the presence of low-processed, nutrient-dense foods, and the relationship of self-reported food reward sensitivity with EAH during pregnancy has not been examined.Objective: This study tested whether EAH differs for highly-processed (HP) versus low-processed (LP) foods in pregnant women and examined relationships of EAH with self-reported food reward sensitivity and impulsivity.Design: Women in their 2nd trimester (n=46) enrolled in a counterbalanced crossover study in which they completed two EAH conditions following a standardized meal. Participants completed the Power of Food Scale (PFS), the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (m-YFAS), and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). EAH energy intake (EAH-kcal) and proportion consumed (EAH-%) was measured overall and separately for sweet and savory test foods. Results: EAH-% was similar across conditions (16.3% ± 1.1% HP versus 17.9% ± 1.2% LP, P = 0.74), resulting in 347.7 ± 49.0 kcal greater energy intake in the HP versus LP condition (P &lt; 0.001). PFS was not significantly associated with EAH; m-YFAS was positively associated with EAH-kcal and EAH-% of savory foods, and BIS was positively associated with EAH-kcal and EAH-% overall, and with EAH-% of sweet foods (p &lt; 0.05). There was little evidence of an interaction of BIS with PFS or m-YFAS.Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that EAH in pregnant women correlates with self-reported food reward sensitivity and occurs for both highly processed and low-processed foods. Self-control did not modify the positive association of food reward sensitivity with eating beyond satiation in this sample.

The Impact of School Environment and Grade Level on Student Delinquency: A Multilevel Modeling Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia C. Lo ◽  
Young S. Kim ◽  
Thomas Allen ◽  
Andrea Allen ◽  
P. Allison Minugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
The Impact

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Karolina Diallo
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
School Performance ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Over the past twenty years childhood OCD has received more attention than any other anxiety disorder that occurs in the childhood. The increasing interest and research in this area have led to increasing number of diagnoses of OCD in children and adolescents, which affects both specialists and teachers. Depending on the severity of symptoms OCD has a detrimental effect upon child's school performance, which can lead almost to the impossibility to concentrate on school and associated duties. This article is devoted to the obsessive-compulsive disorder and its specifics in children, focusing on the impact of this disorder on behaviour, experience and performance of the child in the school environment. It mentions how important is the role of the teacher in whose class the pupil with this diagnosis is and it points out that it is necessary to increase teachers' competence to identify children with OCD symptoms, to take the disease into the account, to adapt the course of teaching and to introduce such measures that could help children reduce the anxiety and maintain (or increase) the school performance within and in accordance with the school regulations and curriculum.

scholarly journals The impact of diet during adolescence on the neonatal health of offspring: evidence on the importance of preconception diet. The HUNT study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Wendy Van Lippevelde ◽  
Frøydis N. Vik ◽  
Andrew K. Wills ◽  
Sofia T. Strömmer ◽  
Mary E. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that parents’ nutritional status before and at the time of conception influences the lifelong physical and mental health of their child. Yet little is known about the relationship between diet in adolescence and the health of the next generation at birth. This study examined data from Norwegian cohorts to assess the relationship between dietary patterns in adolescence and neonatal outcomes. Data from adolescents who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (Young-HUNT) were merged with birth data for their offspring through the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Young-HUNT1 collected data from 8980 adolescents between 1995 and 1997. Linear regression was used to assess associations between adolescents’ diet and later neonatal outcomes of their offspring adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Analyses were replicated with data from the Young-HUNT3 cohort (dietary data collected from 2006 to 2008) and combined with Young-HUNT1 for pooled analyses. In Young-HUNT1, there was evidence of associations between dietary choices, meal patterns, and neonatal outcomes, these were similar in the pooled analyses but were attenuated to the point of nonsignificance in the smaller Young-HUNT3 cohort. Overall, energy-dense food products were associated with a small detrimental impact on some neonatal outcomes, whereas healthier food choices appeared protective. Our study suggests that there are causal links between consumption of healthy and unhealthy food and meal patterns in adolescence with neonatal outcomes for offspring some years later. The effects seen are small and will require even larger studies with more state-of-the-art dietary assessment to estimate these robustly.

scholarly journals In the Same Boat, but not Equals: The Heterogeneous Effects of Indirect Taxation on Child Health in Punjab-Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiz Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Indirect Taxation ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Lower Income Group ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe 2011 National Nutrition Survey of Pakistan revealed that 51% of the country’s population was consuming less than 2,100 calories a day. In the backdrop of rising food insecurity, hunger, and malnutrition in Pakistan, this study aims to measure the effects of indirect taxation on health outcomes of children (<5 years). More specifically, the impact of the incidence of General Sales Tax (GST) in the province of Punjab has been estimated on a child’s height and weight. The proponents of the uniform GST argue that the tax would not affect children because most food items consumed by children are exempted from the GST. However, the opponents believe that households, especially those belonging to the lower-income group, would reallocate resources away from children in the face of higher GST. To study these effects, we utilized three different waves (2007–08, 2011 & 2014) of Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys (MICS). The results show that the tax incidence, and not the GST rate, has a significantly negative impact on children’s height-for-age Z-score (HAZ). No effect was found on the weight-for-age-z-score (WAZ). These results are robust to different specifications and exhibit considerable heterogeneity across different income groups. These findings suggest that the exemption of certain food items for children from the GST may not eliminate the negative effects of this tax on a child’s health. Thus, our study raises concerns about the long term welfare consequences of GST.

scholarly journals Association of body condition with lameness in dairy cattle: a single-farm longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Michaela Kranepuhl ◽  
Detlef May ◽  
Edna Hillmann ◽  
Lorenz Gygax
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects Models ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This research communication describes the relationship between the occurrence of lameness and body condition score (BCS) in a sample of 288 cows from a single farm that were repeatedly scored in the course of 9 months while controlling for confounding variables. The relationship between BCS and lameness was evaluated using generalised linear mixed-effects models. It was found that the proportion of lame cows was higher with decreasing but also with increasing BCS, increased with lactation number and decreased with time since the last claw trimming. This is likely to reflect the importance of sufficient body condition in the prevention of lameness but also raises the question of the impact of overcondition on lameness and the influence of claw trimming events on the assessment of lameness. A stronger focus on BCS might allow improved management of lameness that is still one of the major problems in housed cows.

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