Notes on the Myiasis-producing Diptera of Man and Animals

1921 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Patton
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Larval Stages

Myiasis has been defined by Austen as follows:—“There remains yet a third category of flies, chiefly belonging to the great Family Muscidae, the larval stage of which is sometimes actually passed in the living human body, the presence of the larvae in the various organs and tissues, and the disorders or destruction of tissue caused thereby, being comprehensively known as Myiasis.” It will be noted that this definition only refers to the larval stages of flies, but as the eggs, and in one case at least, pupae and adults, may be found in the human body, and as myiasis is a common condition in many animals, the definition may now be amplified as follows:— The condition or conditions, resulting from the invasion of the tissues and organs of man and other animals by all the stages of the Diptera.

scholarly journals Density and body size of the larval stages of the invasive golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) in two neotropical rivers

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivianne Eilers ◽  
Márcia Divina de Oliveira ◽  
Kennedy Francis Roche
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
Limnoperna Fortunei ◽  
Larval Size ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Paraguay River ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Golden Mussel

AIM: The present study involved an analysis of the monthly variations in the population densities and body sizes of the different stages of planktonic larvae of the invasive golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei), in the rivers Paraguay and Miranda; METHODS: The study was carried out between February 2004 and January 2005. Monthly collection of the plankton samples was accompanied by physical, chemical and biological analyses of the water; RESULTS: The Miranda River presented higher values of calcium, pH, alkalinity, conductivity and total phosphorous. Larval density varied from 0-24 individuals.L-1 in the Paraguay River, with a peak in March of 2004, while in the Miranda River, densities varied between 0-9 individuals.L-1 with a peak in February of 2004. No larvae were encountered during the coldest months, May and June. No significant correlations were found between environmental variables and larval density in either river. Only the valved larval stages were recorded. The "D" and veliger forms were most abundant; umbonate larvae were rare in the Miranda River samples. Mean body sizes of "D", veliger and umbonate larval stages were, respectively, 111, 135 and 152 µm, in the Paraguay River, and 112, 134 and 154 µm in the Miranda River. Principal Components Analysis indicated positive relationships between "D" larval stage size and the ratio between inorganic and organic suspended solids, while negative relationships were found between larval size and calcium and chlorophyll-<img border=0 width=7 height=8 src="/img/revistas/alb/2012nahead/ALB_AOP_230307car01.jpg">; CONCLUSIONS: The larvae were recorded in the plankton during most of the year, with the exception of the two colder months. Neither densities nor larval stage body sizes were significantly different between the two rivers. Possible positive effects of food and calcium concentrations on body size were not recorded. This species may be adapted to grow in environments with elevated sediment concentrations.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) isolates on fig moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) Larvae

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 943-951
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Ephestia Cautella ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Paper Method

The following dilution 5×10-1, 10-1, 10?2 , 10-3 gm/L for the indigenous isolate of Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria and the commercially isalate were used for experiments against the different stages of fig moth of E.cautella which exposed by filter paper method. The results showed that mortality of larval stages was increased with the increasing concentration of the biocide, in addition to increase in the mortality of the larval stages reached to the highest percentage in the third days of treatment of the larval stage in comparison with the first and second days of exposure. The results also showed that the sensitivity of larval stages was increased in first and second instars while reduced in the last instars .The high percentage of first instar mortality for the indigenous isolate in the concentration of 5×10-1 was 72.8% , while the low percentage of mortality showed in the concentration of 5×10-1 for the fifth instar larvae which was 13.3% in third days of treatment while a high percentage of mortality was showed for the first instar larvae for the commercially isulate in the concentration of 5×10-1 was 59.4% Furthermore, low percentage of mortality was shown in the concentration of 5×10-1 in fifth instar larval which was 8.3% in the third days of treatment. The results also showed that the indigenous isolated was more effective than the commercially produced bacteria for killing larval instars of fig moth E.cautella .The total percentage of larval instar mortality reached to 44.5 % after the third days of treatment in concentration 5×10-1 in the indigenous isolate , and it was 33.8 % in the commercially produced bacteria .

Morphological and biological characteristics of Taenia rileyi Loewen, 1929 (Cestoda: Taeniidae)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Natural Cycle ◽  
Larval Stages

The development and structure of the larval Taenia rileyi Loewen, 1929, a cestode of nearctic felids, were studied in rodents infected experimentally with eggs from strobilae from lynx, Felis lynx L. The larval stage, intermediate in form between a cysticercus and a strobilocysticercus, was found to be unlike that of any other known species of Taenia and is designated a hemistrobilocysticercus. The tissue response in experimentally infected rodents is described. Morphologic features of the strobilar and larval stages by which T. rileyi is distinguished from Taenia omissa Lühe, 1910 are defined, and observations are included concerning geographic distribution and natural cycle.

Growth and reproduction of Halicarcinus australis (Haswell) (Crustacea, Brachyura) in the Swan estuary, Western Australia. II. Larval stages

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Lucas ◽  
EP Hodgkin
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Larvae of Halicarcinus australis (Haswell) were collected in vertical plankton samples from eight stations in the Swan estuary during two summers. The majority of samples included live and dead larvae; the high proportion of dead larvae shows that there are other important causes of mortality besides predation. Third stage zoeae (the final larval stage) occur over more restricted salinity and temperature ranges than earlier zoeal stages, and their temporal and spatial distributions in the estuary are also more restricted. Laboratory rearing of H. australis larvae at 16 chlorinity-temperature combinations shows that larvae are less tolerant of extremes of these parameters than crabs. Hydrological conditions unfavourable for larval development occur throughout the estuary in winter and in upstream regions in summer. However, during much of these periods ovigerous females are present in crab populations and larvae are released, thus accounting for some of the mortality apparent from the plankton samples. Third stage zoeae are found progressively further up stream in summer associated with the advance of favourable salinities and with a zone of plankton abundance. Recruitment into crab populations reflects the time of completion of larval development at each locality.

Description of the first zoeal stage of Synalpheus apioceros Coutière, 1909 (Caridea: Alpheidae), including a comparative analysis with larval morphology from the genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4838 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
RAFAEL C. SANTOS ◽  
RÉGIS A. PESCINELLI ◽  
ROGERIO C. COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plumose Seta ◽  
Zoeal Stage ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Larval Stages

Herein, the Zoea I of Synalpheus apioceros is described, followed by a comparative analysis of the first larval stage from Synalpheus. Larvae were obtained from two ovigerous females sampled in Ubatuba, São Paulo. The morphology of the Zoea I of S. apioceros was compared to five other Synalpheus species whose structures were previously described: S. biunguiculatus, S. minus, S. neomeris, S. pectiniger, and S. tumidomanus. A set of unique morphological characteristics was found for S. apioceros: exopod of antennule with 4 aesthetascs and 1 plumose seta; coxal endite of maxillule with 2 simple setae plus 2 plumose setae; basial endite of maxillule with 2 simple setae plus 2 short spines; endopod of maxillule with 1 plumose seta plus 2 simple setae; basial endite of maxilla bilobed with 2 (1 plumose and 1 simple) + 2 (1 plumose and 1 simple) setae; coxal endite of maxilla bilobed with 2 + 1 plumose setae; endopod of maxilla with 3 (1 plumose and 2 simple) terminal setae + 2 simple setae; endopod of first maxilliped unsegmented with 3 terminal simple setae; basis of first maxilliped with 5 spines; endopod of second maxilliped 5-segmented with 0, 0, 0, 1 plumodenticulate, 4 (1 serrate + 3 simple) setae; endopod of third maxilliped 5-segmented with 0, 0, 0, 1 simple, 3 simple setae; pereiopods 1st to 3rd birramous and 4th and 5th uniramous. S. apioceros shows higher morphological similarity with S. minus, followed by S. tumidomanus, S. neomeris and S. pectiniger, probably since these species present extended larval development. Besides the similar morphology among species, the unique attributes presented here are important for the genus’ taxonomy, being fundamental for identifying the first larval stages of Synalpheus, as well as for subsidizing information for species identification keys. 

scholarly journals Influense of curcumin on lifespan if it is applied at the larval stage of drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Anatoly Pisaruk ◽  
Natalya Koshel ◽  
Ludmila Mekhova ◽  
Oksana Zabuga ◽  
Stephen Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Developmental Duration ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Epigenetic Programming ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Adult Drosophila ◽  
Different Doses

In this study we have applied the different doses of curcumin at the larval stages of a fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster and subsequently ivestigated its effect on the developmental duration and life expectancy of imago. It has been shown a 2-day delay in the hatching of the flies, which were developing in the medium containing 500 mM of curcumin. Exposure to curcumin significantly influenced on the average and maximum lifespan (ALS and MLS respectively) of all Drosofila in the study: ALS – F=13.01, p<0.001 for males and F=14.3, p<0.001 for females; MLS – F=35.9, p<0.001 for males and F=16.7, p <0.001 for females. Thus, the ALS in the males, which at the larval stage were kept in the medium containing 125 mM, 250 mM and 500 mM of curcumin, was significantly higher (p<0.001) comparing to the control. In females, such kind of significant increase in ALS has been shown at a dose of 500 mM of curcumin (p<0.001) in the medium during the developmental stage comparing to the control. In other words, the ALS of the imago has increased in correlation to the increase in the dose of curcumin applied at the developmental stage in males by 9%, 16%, 13%, and 23% and in females by 0%, 1%, 3%, 16% respectively. There has been also shown the sharp raise in MLS in both males and females, which at the larval stage were kept in the medium containing more than 125 mM of curcumin. To sum up we can assume that in this study consumption of curcumin at the larval stage of fruit flies significantly increased the developmental duration and life span of adult Drosophila, and this may demonstrate the effect of curcumin on the epigenetic programming of pace of life. Keywords: Development; Life span; Curcumin; Drosophila

scholarly journals Short communication: An overview of the trematodes fauna of pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) in the Volga Basin, Russia: 2. Larval stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
IGOR V CHIKHLYAEV ◽  
ALEXANDER B RUCHIN ◽  
ALEXANDER I FAYZULIN
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Volga Basin ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Given ◽  
First Time

Abstract. Chikhlyaev IV, Ruchin AB, Fayzulin AI. 2019. Short communication: An overview of the trematodes fauna of the pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) in the Volga Basin, Russia: 2. Larval stages. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 106-111. This paper presents data on the trematodes fauna of the pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) from 13 regions of the Volga Basin. It consolidates data from different authors over the past 30 years, supplemented by our own research results. There are authentically known findings of 10 trematodes species at the larval stage of development. The species Codonocephalus urniger (Rudolphi, 1819), mtc., Neodiplostomum spathoides Dubois, 1937, mtc. and Pharyngostomum cordatum (Diesing, 1850), mtc. have been observed for the first time in the given host on the territory of Russia and Volga basin. For each species of trematodes, there is the following information is included: taxonomic position, localization, area of detection, biology, definitive hosts, geographic distribution and degree of host-specificity.

Checklist of the Brachyura of the Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone and knowledge status of their larval development

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4646 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-321
Author(s):  
FRANCIELLY ALCÂNTARA DE LIMA ◽  
JUSSARA MORETTO MARTINELLI-LEMOS
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Pink Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Fishery ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Occurrence Of Species

This bibliographic review includes all brachyuran species listed for the Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone (covering the occurrence of species in the states of Amapá, Pará, and Maranhão), with respective larval development either fully or partially described. Information provided include the current taxon name, taxon authorship, larval stages described, and habitat of the adult of each species. A total of 194 species were recorded in the study area. Of these, 49 (25%) have the larval stages completely described, 25 (13%) have incomplete descriptions of the larval development with at least one stage described, and most of them, 120 species (62%), do not have morphological descriptions of any larval stage. This is clearly a large gap that needs to be filled for the advancement of the knowledge of crab life histories in a unique area of coastal biodiversity. More so because this area faces threats from the pink shrimp fishery and oil prospection activities. 

Morphological descriptions of the larval and first juvenile stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) from laboratory-reared material

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
TIAN XU ◽  
CHAOSHU ZENG ◽  
KATE S. HUTSON
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
Decorator Crab ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
First Time

The complete larval and first crab stages of the decorator crab Camposcia retusa (Latreille, 1829) are described and illustrated based on laboratory-reared material for the first time. Specimens were obtained from larvae hatched from adult crabs collected from coral reefs of Queensland, Australia. Newly hatched larvae were successfully reared to settlement as the first-stage crabs. Larval development consisted of two zoeal stages and one megalopal stage. The morphology of each larval stage was compared with those available from a previous study using material from the Red Sea. Due to substantial differences in morphology of the second zoeal and megalopal stages between the two studies, we argue that these larval stages described by the earlier report may not be that of C. retusa. Finally, the morphological characters of both larval and first crab stages of C. retusa are also compared with the corresponding stages of previously reported Inachidae. 

Additions and Revisions to the Genera of North American Caddisflies of the Family Brachycentridae With Special Reference to the Larval Stages (Trichoptera)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 1089-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn B. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

AbstractLarval characterizations for the genera of North American Brachycentridae are revised and two new genera created, bringing to five the total number now recognized on this continent. Previous concepts of larval morphology inMicrasemaare emended. Discovery of the larval stage ofBrachycentrus(Amiocentrus)aspilusRoss necessitates elevation of this subgenus to generic status. Association of larvae with the two North American species placed inOligoplectrumnecessitates removal of one,O.dimicki(Milne), toMicrasema. Discovery of all stages of a new species on Mount Hood, Oregon, necessitates creation of a new genus. A provisional larval key to the genera of the North American Brachycentridae is proposed and the phylogenetic relationships of the genera are discussed. Validity of the Asian genusOligoplectrodesis questioned.

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