Towards a Canadian Eskimo orthography and literature (II)

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Raymond C. Gagné
Keyword(s):  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
Central Control ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Creation

On establishing a Standard Literary Language (SLL). Having once designed a SO to serve all the Canadian Eskimo dialects, the question of selecting a standard literary language remains. It is important to repeat that the existence of the former does not presuppose the use of the latter. The best proof of this is the existence of the syllabary which most Canadian dialects have used as a SO although not one of them is as yet recognized as representing a SLL.Most languages of long literary tradition developed, at least in the early stages, without any organized central control. The fact that the Canadian government and other groups such as religious bodies can benefit themselves and the Eskimos by publishing their texts in a SLL written phonemically makes it necessary to decide on the criteria that will govern the official choice of the dialect that will form the basis of the SLL. To wait for the natural process of history for the creation of a SLL among a population of some 10,000 Eskimos would involve too long a period of time and might even endanger the survival of their language under the increasing influence of the white man’s language.

Injecting Knowledge

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Dacome
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Anatomical Models ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Cabinet Of Curiosities

Chapter 7 furthers the analysis of the role of anatomical models as cultural currencies capable of transferring value. It does so by expanding the investigation of the early stages of anatomical modelling to include a new setting. In particular, it follows the journey of the Palermitan anatomist and modeller Giuseppe Salerno and his anatomical ‘skeleton’—a specimen that represented the body’s complex web of blood vessels and was presented as the result of anatomical injections. Although Salerno was headed towards Bologna, a major centre of anatomical modelling, he ended his journey in Naples after the nobleman Raimondo di Sangro purchased the skeleton for his own cabinet of curiosities. This chapter considers the creation and viewing of an anatomical display in di Sangro’s Neapolitan Palace from a comparative perspective that highlights how geography and locality played an important part in shaping the culture of mid-eighteenth-century anatomical modelling.

scholarly journals Internationalization of SMEs and Effectuation: The Way Back and Forward

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (24) ◽  
pp. 1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza El Guili ◽  
Driss Ferhane
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽  
Entrepreneurship Research ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Theoretical Paper ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Creation ◽  
To Come

Business growth is considered as one of the main topics of entrepreneurship research. Due to the increased interest on entrepreneurship, new theoretical perspectives have emerged to explain entrepreneurial behavior. One of these emergent theories is effectuation. It is widely known that entrepreneurs and owner-managers count on different decision-making logics during the internationalization of their ventures, including causal and effectual reasoning. Despite that the use of effectual reasoning has been generally linked to the early stages of the creation of a venture; it has recently been introduced to on the internationalization of SMEs research. Introduced by Sarasvathy (2001), effectuation logic is stated to grow in an unstable operating context where it is complicated to predict and in contrast, it is likely to unexpectedly respond to changes in the environment. Furthermore, it represents a typical shift in approaching entrepreneurship. In this theoretical paper, we first aim to highlight the evolution of the concept and the development of the effectuation theory within the literature. Furthermore, we explain the similarities and differences existing between causation and effectuation reasoning. Finally, we use the lens of effectuation to come up with an understanding of the internationalization of SMEs.

scholarly journals Building a Community of Users for Open Market Energy

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Ferreira ◽  
Ana Martins
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Market ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Central Control ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Spinning Reserve ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Control Entity ◽  
Reserve Market

Energy markets are based on energy transactions with a central control entity, where the players are companies. In this research work, we propose an IoT (Internet of Things) system for the accounting of energy flows, as well as a blockchain approach to overcome the need for a central control entity. This allows for the creation of local energy markets to handle distributed energy transactions without needing central control. In parallel, the system aggregates users into communities with target goals and creates new markets for players. These two approaches (blockchain and IoT) are brought together using a gamification approach, allowing for the creation and maintenance of a community for electricity market participation based on pre-defined goals. This community approach increases the number of market players and creates the possibility of traditional end users earning money through small coordinated efforts. We apply this approach to the aggregation of batteries from electrical vehicles so that they become a player in the spinning reserve market. It is also possible to apply this approach to local demand flexibility, associated with the demand response (DR) concept. DR is aggregated to allow greater flexibility in the regulation market based on an OpenADR approach that allows the turning on and off of predefined equipment to handle local microgeneration.

scholarly journals Grounded Theory: A Methodological Approach Congruent with Tourism Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-859
Author(s):  
Stela Cristina Hott Corrêa ◽  
◽  
Marlusa de Sevilha Gosling ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Substantive Theory ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Creation

Grounded Theory emerged as an appropriate research method for extracting from data concepts organized around basic categories that once integrated establish a substantive theory about the phenomenon. Internationally, Tourism researchers have been using Grounded Theory in their research, but in Brazil it has been scarcely used. Thus, this paper aims to present the foundations of Grounded Theory showing the similarities and differences between its three versions, and to point out how this methodology is used in Tourism research. This work is bibliographic making an integrative review of the theory. Grounded Theory has been shown to be appropriate for studying tourist experience, but its use may be expanded as it may be associated with other research methodologies such as ethnography, favoring the creation of substantive tourist theories or simply the appropriation of a theme in the early stages of the research.

scholarly journals The reflection of Ivan Kotlarevsky’s stylistics in Language of Artistic prose of Pavlo Zagrebelny

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Natalia Holikova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Language Game ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Individual

The article explores the intertextual interaction of stylists, who in the works of I. Kotlyarevsky and P. Zahrebelny represent the concept of «laugh culture». The linguistic and aesthetic signs in the epic burlesque-travesty poem «Aeneid» by I. Kotlyarevsky, which served as a model for the creation of expressive and pictorial means – carriers of humorous axiology in the language of a number of P. Zahrebelny's novels, are revealed. Attention is drawn to the fact that the foundations for the formation of a ridiculous culture as a genre segment of Ukrainian literature are laid in the poem «Aeneid» by I. Kotlyarevsky, which is written in a syllabic-tonic verse (iamb) – the size most appropriate for the Ukrainian language. The linguistic and literary traditions of ridicule are at the heart of the humorously narrative tonality of P. Zahrebelny's two novels – «The Lion's Heart» and «Exile from Paradise», which form the thematic-storyline. It is emphasized that the figure of I. Kotlyarevsky is a significant creative personality for P. Zagrebelny, who often appeals to the creator of the creator of Ukrainian literary language in his prose. The novelist dialogues with the artistic texts of the laughingstock, introducing meaningfully expressive fragments of them into the intersemiotic field of prose works. The intertextual interplay of linguistic components of the individual-linguistic paintings of the world of two writers can be traced in the functional and structural-semantic similarity of a number of style word, which are often the result of stylistic reception of the language game: intertext (linguocultural and ethno-language characters), literary and artistic anthroponyms, as well as words-symbols, which are functionally significant components of the peripheral-evaluative sphere. The individual and authorial rhetorical figures of P. Zahrebelny are comprehensively analyzed within the limits of linguistics, ethno-linguistics, theory of intertextuality, literary onomastics. It has been concluded that the linguistic creation of the prose contains an important humorous-axiological segment of artistic narrative, which is organically incorporated into the context of Ukrainian laugh culture.

scholarly journals Historical, Socio-cultural and International Political Preconditions for the Emergence and Formation of the Australian Union

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-90
Author(s):  
I. Vietrynskyi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Colonial Empire ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Creation ◽  
British Colonies

The article examines the prerequisites for the creation and early stages of development of the Commonwealth of Australia from the founding of the first European colonies prior to the legal formalization of the federation. Also mentioned are the variability of approaches to the development of Australia’s historiography, in particular from the positions of classical English and modern Australian views. Also, the early stages of the development of the continent that preceded the discovery of Australia by Europeans are considered. It analyzes the wide context of geopolitical processes in Europe in the era of imperialism (XVI-XIX centuries), as well as the circumstances of the formation of large colonial empires. In particular, features of the status, place and role of England in the international political processes of the XVIІ and XVIII centuries are shown, and the stages of the formation of the British colonial empire are also considered. The complex of internal socio-economic as well as foreign policy prerequisites for the beginning of the colonization of Australia by Great Britain is analyzed, in particular the attention paid to the consequences of the British Industrial Revolution XVIII. The stages of formation of the British colonies in Australia, as well as the development of the mainland from the establishment of the first settlement - New South Wales until full control of the continent are investigated. The characteristics of the economic, social, political, demographic and other aspects of the development of Australian colonies are analyzed. The article discusses the evolution of trade and administrative relations between individual colonies, as well as the stages of preparation for the creation of a federation, which was called the Commonwealth of Australia and changed the country's colonial position to the dominion status in the British Empire. Particular attention is paid to the international political processes that accompanied the development of the Australian continent, as well as the role of colonial administrations in regional geopolitical processes, in particular the colonization of New Guinea.

scholarly journals FILM ANIMASI 2 DIMENSI, “JACK THE CHICKEN!”

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 091-106
Author(s):  
Ari Bakkas Pratama ◽  
Mahendradewa Suminto ◽  
Andri Nur Patrio
Keyword(s):  
Manual Work ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Character Design ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Simple Character ◽  
Digital Processes

Animated movie “Jack The Chicken” tells story about a chicken named Jack that bored and ungrateful with anything that are given by his master. This animation tells the audiences about being grateful for everything they’ve got. This animation video has three minutes duration with simple character design. This animated movie setting and scenes are largely supported by its background and backsound because it has no dialogues. This movie was made with 2D technique where most of the creation processes were done digitally. These digital processes were done to make the works easier and shorten the duration of the works. Manual work progress also had been done especially on early stages of creation e.g. idea developing and character design.

scholarly journals City image as a personification of female nature in “The Dead [City of] Bruges” by Georges Raymond Constantin Rodenbach

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Marina A. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Literary Tradition ◽  
The Novel ◽  
City Image ◽  
Image System ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The City

The paper is devoted to the peculiarities of the creation of the personified image of the city in the novel “The Dead [City of] Bruges” by Georges Raymond Constantin Rodenbach, which, according to the author himself, represents not only the protagonist, but also its organising force. The Belgian author draws on an earlier literary tradition, according to which the city appears to the poet's mind in the form of a woman. The image of the city is built on the combination and interaction of different elements, among which those that are considered in the article: the theme of duality, the motif of reflection, which becomes the main constructional principle of the image system of the novel, as well as references to mythological and literary archetypes. The theme of duplicity is directly connected with the category of correspondence or analogy, which is central to Rodenbach's oeuvre and forms a peculiar poetics of reflection and determines the choice of expressive means. Dualism is associated with a hostile, dark and demonic force, contrasted with the "holy" and infallible feminine ideal, embodied in the image of the perished beloved, who is also a prototype of the city. The poeticised image of the city is related to archetypical figures that are typical of European symbolism – first of all, Ophelia, but also Orpheus and Narcissus, all this through an appeal to the symbolism of water and the otherworld, then through the main character's attempt to overcome the border between worlds and create a new myth about love that defeats death.

scholarly journals Management, Appraisal and Preservation of Government Records: Some Aspects of the Canadian

Atlanti ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Robert Nahuet
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Digital Archives ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Government Records ◽  
Auditor General

Over the last decades, archivists believed the management of government records, without being perfect, was going smoothly and seamlessly: records from Canadian government institutions were acquired, processed and made accessible to Canadians in an organised, structured, and logical way. However, in his 2014 report, the Auditor General of Canada pointed out not only weaknesses but also failures in LAC activities related directly to its mandate: developing Records Disposition Authorities (RDA), processing archival material from departments and agencies, and making this heritage material available to Canadians or people interested in Canada. LAC was somehow shocked by this earthquake and had to cope with these problems and find solutions, within three years. My presentation has three parts: 1- the LAC Act, macro-appraisal and RDA; 2- the Auditor General’s report; 3- the creation of the LAC Task Force to deal with these archival issues. My conclusion will explore some elements about the management of digital archives for Canadian government institutions.

scholarly journals «GRAMMAR» OF PANTELEIMON KULISH IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINIAN WRITING

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Tamara Usatenko ◽  
Galyna Usatenko ◽  
Myroslava Marushchenko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
The People ◽  
The Creation ◽  
New Literature ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the defining of the phenomena of Ukrainian cultural movement of the 19th century, when under conditions of comprehensive Russification of the Ukrainian community and the influence of the Church Slavonic language as well as of complete lack of education in the native language, the processes of creation of the Ukrainian literary language took place. The new Ukrainian spelling was established, the struggle for teaching in schools in the Ukrainian language was intensified, various styles, and lot of genres of literature in the native language were developed. These searches and comprehension by advanced representatives of political, cultural and social life are considered. It is determined that the spirit of romanticism, European revolutions, the abolition of serfdom, scientific and industrial shifts gave birth to a galaxy of unique Ukrainian thinkers, scientific societies, writers, etc. Among them, Panteleimon Oleksandrovich Kulish (1819-1997) was a significant person due to his energy, ability to organize a business, multifaceted talent, profound knowledge. One of the resonance works of the diverse creative heritage P.O. Kulisha is studied in the article, that is a book for initial education in native language − the "Grammar" of the Ukrainian language, which was highly appreciated by T. Shevchenko. Its structure, the content of each part, the pedagogical role as well as the concept of the author, manifested in its preface and the final part were described. The study emphasizes that in the processes of creating a new literary Ukrainian language, its spelling, writing textbooks, grammars in Ukrainian for initials education, two periods are noticeable: the first one – the 20-30th years of the 19th century, when the problems of the necessity of a new literary language arose, the new literature, preservation of the ethnographic, folklore heritage of the people, the second one – the 40-60th-years was the period of active participation of a new generation of Ukrainian thinkers in the development of the Ukrainian literary language, the creation of new spelling, new literature for primary education in native Ukrainian language. The role of "Grammar" in the formation of a new Ukrainian literary language and its phonetic spelling, in the formation of education in the Ukrainian language, the creation of textbooks in the Ukrainian literary language, and the development of Ukrainian writing are underlined. The emphasis was also put on the introduction of the author's, phonetic spelling, the so-called "Kulishivka" in the "Grammar", which is the basis of the modern Ukrainian spelling. Despite the prohibition of "Valuevsky (1863)" and "Yamsky (1876)" decrees, books and newspapers, although very limited were published in Ukrainian. The article also highlights the following discourses: the role of "Grammar" wrote by P. Kulish (the theory and practice of creating a Ukrainian literary language, the new Ukrainian spelling, which caused the intensification of imperial repressions) and its contemporary significance for the new Ukrainian space of ideas, meanings, communication, methods of publications in the Ukrainian language, as well as some grammatical factors of the theory or history of writing: the language of sound - the language of the book: thinking - writing, writing - thinking; sound - letter, letter - sound; "science of reading" - writing, etc. Comparison of discourses contributes to the conclusion that the development of the living language, sound of language during writing has been improved so complex and multifaceted in the 19th century that passed later in the 20th century, and even in the 21st century remain controversial, as evidenced by the lengthy discussion of the “Project of the New Ukrainian spelling”.

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