L'analyse cybernétique des politiques gouvernementales

1978 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Réjean Landry ◽  
Vincent Lemieux
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Cybernetic Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
First Results ◽  
Social Affairs ◽  
Unexpected Consequences

Cybernetic analysis is part of the systems approach and has been used by several authors to study governmental policies or public decisions. Nevertheless, the way in which it is used in this article is different from preceding attempts. Regulation by feedback is considered as being complex rather than simple; positive feedback seems neither exceptional nor pathological, and great emphasis is placed on power relations in the phenomena of regulation by feedback through which government policies are formed.The presentation of different sub-systems of the cybernetic model and of different types of regulation by feedback are illustrated by examples touching on the adjustment of electoral boundaries. In the last part of the article, the first results of research bearing on the sector of social affairs and on that of energy serve to underline three characteristics of the cybernetic analysis of government policies as proposed in this article: the key role that it gives regulation by feedback, its particular attention to the unexpected consequences of action, and its insistence on the phenomena of communication as essential to action.

scholarly journals Data Science Tools for Monitoring the Global Repository Eco-System and its Lines of Evolution

Publications ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Friedrich Summann ◽  
Andreas Czerniak ◽  
Jochen Schirrwagen ◽  
Dirk Pieper
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
First Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
System Data ◽  
Open Archives

The global network of scholarly repositories for the publication and dissemination of scientific publications and related materials can already look back on a history of more than twenty years. During this period, there have been many developments in terms of technical optimization and the increase of content. It is crucial to observe and analyze this evolution in order to draw conclusions for the further development of repositories. The basis for such an analysis is data. The Open Archives Initiative (OAI) service provider Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) started indexing repositories in 2004 and has collected metadata also on repositories. This paper presents the main features of a planned repository monitoring system. Data have been collected since 2004 and includes basic repository metadata as well as publication metadata of a repository. This information allows an in-depth analysis of many indicators in different logical combinations. This paper outlines the systems approach and the integration of data science techniques. It describes the intended monitoring system and shows the first results.

scholarly journals Participation, for Whom? The Potential of Gamified Participatory Artefacts in Uncovering Power Relations within Urban Renewal Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Teodora Iulia Constantinescu ◽  
Oswald Devisch ◽  
Liesbeth Huybrechts
Keyword(s):  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Participatory Mapping ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Network Mapping ◽  
The City

When defining participation in urban renewal projects in a political sense, this concept implies the challenging of power relations in each of its dimensions while addressing the need for knowledge, action and consciousness. Knowledge is defined as a resource which affects observable decision making. Action looks at who is involved in the production of such knowledge in order to challenge and shape the political agenda. Consciousness is how the production of knowledge changes the awareness or worldview of those involved, thus shaping the psychological and conceptual boundaries of what is possible. This paper addresses these politics of participation via the use of gamification, and more particularly gamified participatory artefacts. We discuss how a ‘good’ participatory planning process implies rebalancing existing power relations via the redistribution of knowledge, consciousness and actions, and aims to operationalize this ambition through a game. We particularly focus on the urban renewal process of one particular case, namely the Vennestraat—one of the main commercial streets of the city of Genk (BE) and present a three year participatory mapping process that made use of three gamified participatory artefacts (i.e., socio-economic network mapping, gathering mental images and scenario games). After uncovering the complex field of power relations in the entrepreneurial street, we analyze the different types of relations/groups that emerge from this participatory mapping process. The paper concludes with an analytical framework that employs gamified participatory artefacts in order to map and understand power relations and the mechanisms that frame them.

scholarly journals BUSINESS DOCUMENTATION AS RESEARCH SOURCE OF KYIV MUSIC ENVIROMENT IN LATE 19 — EARLY 20 c.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Olha Musiiachenko
Keyword(s):  
Government Policies ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Music Schools ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City ◽  
Concert Life

The results of the study of Kyiv music environment in the late 19 — early 20 centuries are presented through the analysis of business documentation. The peculiarities of researching the music environment of cities and the experience of using different types of sources when studying the music environment have been examined. The study of archival documents of Kyiv of this period allowed us to determine the specific components of the music environment of the city that were presented in the business documentation in late 19 — early 20 centuries. Our main source is data taken from archival institutions of Kyiv. We have identified blocks of data that reflects the conditions and tendencies of the city’s music life, such as the influence of government policies and censure restrictions on music and concert life and the formation of a contingent of musicians, the coexistence of old guild organization and new global trends in professional music making. The place of guilds in the music environment of Kyiv of late 19 century has been determined. Examples of applications for permission to perform songs in Ukrainian on the open stages of Kyiv and the reasons that prompted the performers or the administration of institutions to ask for such permits have been shown. Restrictions on residence in Kyiv that existed for Jewish musicians and Jewish entrants to music schools in Kyiv, as well as the reasons for the refusals have been presented. Data from reports and programs of educational institutions has been analysed. There are also examples of cases that illustrate the individual episodes of music life and allow to vividly recreate the atmosphere of the city at that time, such as an anonymous complaint of Kyiv citizens about the “obscenities” that took place in the Chateau de Fleur Garden and the Apollo Variety Theater, etc.

scholarly journals Kropskultur i Grønland - set med danske øjne

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Skovmose Vinther
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Culture ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Relationship

Artiklen belyser det koloniale og postkoloniale forhold mellem Grønland og Danmark og tegner et billede af danskerne syn på grønlandsk kropskultur gennem tiden.  Solveig S. Vinther: Body Culture in Greenland – seen from Denmark Since the formal end of colonialism, great emphasis has been put on research in postcolonialism and postcolonial issues. The basic idea in this kind of research is that colonisation is not only a matter of war, violence, and power relations; we also need to consider changes at a more unspoken and unheeded level. In Denmark however, the term Empire has never really been part of the Danish self-image, and only a small amount of postcolonial research have been conducted that focus specifically on the relationship between Denmark and its former colonies. This article will look at the ways in which the Danish colonisers have described the body culture of the Greenlanders through time. The postcolonial aspect of the project will centre on the ways in which the relations between the colonisers and the colonised can be read in the literature of the colonisers. The term Polarism will be introduced to develop an understanding of the Danish discourses describing the body culture of Greenland. The article will hopefully begin to answer some of the unanswered – and unasked – questions concerning the relationship between Denmark and Greenland through an analysis of games, sports and body culture and their representation in the colonial and postcolonial descriptions of Greenland.

scholarly journals Incoherent modulation of bi-stable dynamics orchestrates the Mushroom and Isola bifurcations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitava Giri ◽  
Sandip Kar
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Bifurcation Analysis ◽  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Biological Networks ◽  
Network Motifs ◽  
Minimal Network ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Minimal Networks

AbstractIn biological networks, steady state dynamics of cell-fate regulatory genes often exhibit Mushroom and Isola kind of bifurcations. How these complex bifurcations emerge for these complex networks, and what are the minimal network structures that can generate these bifurcations, remain elusive. Herein, by employing Waddington’s landscape theory and bifurcation analysis, we have shown that both Mushroom and Isola bifurcations can be realized with four minimal network motifs that are constituted by combining positive feedback motifs with different types of incoherent feedback motifs. Our study demonstrates that the intrinsic bi-stable dynamics due to the presence of the positive feedback motif can be fine-tuned by altering the extent of the incoherence of these proposed minimal networks to orchestrate these complex bifurcations. These modeling insights will be useful in identifying and analyzing possible network motifs that may give rise to either Mushroom or Isola bifurcation in other biological systems.

First Data on the Differences of Phytolite Composition in Different Wheat Varieties Triticum aestivum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 806 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Igor Eduardovich Pamirsky ◽  
Alexey Grigorievich Klykov ◽  
Alexander Mikhailovich Zakharenko ◽  
Kirill Sergeevich Golokhvast
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
First Results

At current work we present first results of comparative study of the morphology and chemical composition in biomineral particles (phytoliths) of different types of wheat (Volzhskaya, Moskovskaya 39, Primorskaya 40). Optical microscopy reveals 5 morphotypes of phytolith in the stem and spike of wheat Triticum aestivum L. Although, only 3 morphotypes of phytolites were found in all three varieties, and the other 2 morphotypes were found only in some cases. These differences may be sort-specific signs. Various phytoliths have different linear sizes. As demosntrated, even within a sole type of wheat, there appears variability of the phytolitic composition. This fact may have significant implication for practical use of the phytolith analysis.

A prescribed alternative mainstream: popular music and canon formation

Popular Music ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTTI-VILLE KÄRJÄ
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Canon Formation ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Media ◽  
Printed Word

This article applies the processes of canon formation suggested by Philip V. Bohlman in The Study of Folk Music in the Modern World to the historiography of popular music. Bohlman distinguishes between at least three different types of folk music canon: a small group canon, a mediated canon and an imagined canon. Adjusting Bohlman's ideas to the case of popular music, a reformulation is proposed in the form of an alternative canon, a mainstream canon, and a prescribed canon. The unstable power relations implied by the juxtaposition of different canons are considered, as well as the cumulative aspect of canon formation. The article also looks for each type of canon in the media through which historical knowledge is transmitted, and considers the tendency to narrate the historiography of marginal musics with more ephemeral media than the printed word.

Quantitative determination of the bound water in Bazhenov shales

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
I. A. Rodkina ◽  
E. S. Kazak
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Condensation ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Bazhenov Formation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
First Results ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Water Sorption Isotherms

The article presents the first results of determining the content of different types of bound water by hygrometric method — adsorption isotherm method — for non-extracted air-dry samples of Bazhenov formation rocks. The obtained water sorption isotherms for the studied samples have a well-expressed s-shape, which allows to determine the maximum possible amount of bound water of different types in them — mono-, poly — and capillary condensation and to draw an important conclusion about the hydrophilicity of the Bazhenov formation deposits. According to the form of sorption isotherms, the amount of bound water and the proximity of mineral compositions, nine samples were combined into 4 different groups, the remaining samples were considered individually. A correlation between the pore water content and the content of mono- and multilayer water was found.

Development of Highly Wear Resistant Coatings for Deflector Blades in Paper Industry

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fritsch ◽  
R. Gadow ◽  
A. Killinger
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Spray Technology ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Wear Resistant Coatings ◽  
Bulk Ceramic ◽  
Different Types ◽  
First Results ◽  
Material Wear

Abstract In the sieve section of a paper producing machine, where the formation of paper occurs, a polyethylene sieve is guided over a set of ceramic blades to remove the water in the paper slurry. These sieves are running with velocities of 70 km/h and more. The high velocities lead to defects in the tissue structure of the sieve as well as on the blades. Moreover the presence of high abrasive particles like kaolin and carbonates in the paper slurry as well as its corrosive characteristics enforce the material wear. Present solutions include bulk ceramic blades but they cause defects on the sieves and they are quite expensive. New solutions are desired where these bulk ceramic blades can be replaced by intelligent coating systems that on one hand exhibit an extraordinarily high wear resistance but can minimize the wear of the PE sieve on the other hand. The presentation gives first results obtained by different types of ceramic and cermetic coating systems manufactured by thermal spray technology.

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