scholarly journals De-industrialization and Globalization

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (S10) ◽  
pp. 3-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Rust Belt ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein

The problem of de-industrialization has undergone a decisive transmutation in the past two decades, roughly from the moment when it was linked to proto-industrialization at the Budapest Economic History Conference in 1981. Also interacting with the remarkable efforts of Immanuel Wallerstein and his colleagues who dated the formation of a “world economic system” from the expansion of European conquest and trade in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, its place in historical and sociological analysis rapidly transcended local concerns (such as the warmly received 1982 study by Bluestone and Harrison of the American “rust belt”) and has become an element in the overall problematique of global capitalism. Only very recently, however, have the necessary studies (and hence theoretical perspectives) formed an appropriate critical mass to integrate the concept of de-industrialization fully into the long-term history of economic globalism. We are coming to understand that the phenomenon at the tip of the tongue of every head of state and the source of massive (and lethal) protest that came to be termed “globalization” in ordinary parlance around 1990 is hardly new and, most importantly, not simply a one-way street originating in the West.

How Should We Approach the Economy of ‘Early Modern India’?

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1606-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAMI GHOSH
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
History Of ◽  
Other World

AbstractTirthankar Roy's recent synthesis on the economic history of early modern India claims to provide a new, overarching narrative placing this period within the broader sweep of the history of what Roy defines as ‘capitalism’ in India in the very long term. This article provides a detailed critique of Roy's monograph, suggesting that it suffers from some serious methodological deficits, arising not least from a future-oriented paradigm that imposes anachronistic concepts on this period, including the very notion of ‘India’. Furthermore, Roy's view of the economy as being fundamentally driven forward by the rise of a coastal polity, expanding inwards from Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta, sits awkwardly with his repeated claim that colonialism was of little significance for Indian economic history. Finally, this article suggests that this period might be more fruitfully approached not only by abandoning thetelosof what we know of India's future, but also by adopting both regionally focused and comparative approaches, turning away from long-distance trade as the primary lens through which to view the economy, and instead examining endogenous factors in the economies of individual regions and enriching our understanding of them by reference to studies of other world regions with comparable patterns of development in the same period. More nuanced ways of approaching economic change in the very long run, including the importance of developments in modes of consumption and market- and profit-oriented economic behaviour, are suggested as a better means of understanding both the economies of the late pre-colonial centuries in the Indian subcontinent and the development of capitalism, which should also be understood in a more specific manner than Roy allows.

scholarly journals Finality in Brownfields Remediation and Reuse

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel B. Eisen
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Smart Growth ◽  
Rust Belt ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Key Questions ◽  
Action Goals

The intersection of brownfields redevelopment and these broader concerns presents a host of issues. Does redevelopment of brownfields connect to a larger vision for the city that links with "smart growth" and climate action goals? Retooling the original developer-centered vision of VCPs to promote broader goals is an ongoing challenge. Has the affected community been involved in planning for brownfields remediation, or has the developer controlled the process? The latter narrows the ability to view the project as part of a community-wide plan, and undermines its legitimacy. Finally, if brownfields redevelopment yields benefits, how can we measure success over the long term? Metrics for assessing this are only just now emerging. As I note in Part III, many key questions have incomplete answers today, and as a result, finality in brownfields remediation and reuse continues to elude us. I draw a number of examples from New Jersey, a Rust Belt state with many brownfields and a complex history of dealing with them. 20 Recent developments in that state, including a 2009 state statute that privatized cleanups, and well-publicized funding shortfalls and regulatory errors in 2011, highlight the challenges of contemporary brownfields redevelopment.

The Great Convergence from a West-European Perspective: Some Thoughts and Hypotheses

Itinerario ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Luiten Van Zanden
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
The West ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
New Generation

Between 1995 and 2000 a number of synthetic studies on the economic history of Asia in the Early Modern Period were published which have changed – or should change – our ideas and perceptions of the ‘rise of the west’ and the parallel ‘decline of the east’ in a fundamental way. The potential impact of these studies is comparable to that of a previous brief spell of brilliance in our profession, the early 1970s, with the pioneering publications by, amongst others, Wallerstein, Brenner, and North and Thomas. Whereas these studies proposed fundamentally new views on the long term dynamics of the ‘rise of the west’, and concentrated heavily on the economic and socio-political history of Europe (albeit sometimes within a ‘world system perspective’), the new generation of innovative works focuses on a new analysis of the economic history of parts of Asia - on China and India in particular. Much of the detailed empirical research on which this revisionism is based, was done before the books of Goody, Frank, Wong, Pomeranz, and Lee and Wang were published, and forerunners of the revisionism can be identified. But only now the movement has created a clear set of hypotheses that challenges the accepted wisdom about die economic and institutional contrasts between both sides of the Eurasian Continent.

scholarly journals To the question of the meaning of words τοῦ ἡμιολίου in economic inscriptions of Ai-Khanoum

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ivan Korovchinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Hellenistic World ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time ◽  
Written Sources

The subject of this research is the inscriptions 117 and 119 from Ai-Khanoum (Greco-Bactria, II century BC) according to numeration Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum (Part 2, Volume 1). It is very likely that they represent two copies of the same text, which survived in two variations. The goal of this work is to determine the meaning of words τοῦ ἡμιολίου appearing in these inscriptions, as well as the overall meaning of the inscriptions, the understanding of which depends on interpretation of these words. Relevance of such research is substantiated by the fact that the survived written sources on the economy of Greco-Bactria are extremely brief and fragmentary, therefore every single word matters for the scholars. The comparison of inscriptions of Al-Khanoum with the papyri of Zenon Archive is carried out for the first time. The papyri under consideration contain a range of textual parallels with the reviewed Greco-Bactrian inscriptions. It is concluded that based on the analogies from the mentioned Egyptian texts, the words τοῦ ἡμιολίου (verbatim “one and a half” in the genitive) are direct object to the words ἀπὸ κεραμίων δύο (“out of two amphorae”) and indicate pouring olive oil over from one amphora and half of another amphora. The author provides a new translation of the unified text of inscriptions 117 and 118. The field of application of the presented materials is the source studies of ancient world, economic history of Greco-Bactria, Hellenistic world and ancient world.

scholarly journals Contemporary Peculiarities and Prospects for the Development of Russian Foreign Trade Cooperation with Mongolia

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-639
Author(s):  
Yakov Sukhodolov ◽  
Avirmed Davaasuren ◽  
Alexei Manzhigeev
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
History Of ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Foreign Trade Turnover

Russia attaches great importance to the development of cooperation with the Asia-Pacific region, which is one of the centers of world economic development. These countries include Mongolia. Russian-Mongolian relations are based on a long-term history of good neighborly relations and traditionally have a multidimensional nature. The article discusses the main aspects of Russian-Mongolian foreign trade relations based on the analysis of the dynamics of foreign trade turnover in bilateral trade and commodity structure. Currently, there is a decline in foreign trade cooperation between the countries. The article also touches upon the monostructural nature of trade between the two countries, which is very vulnerable. The national interests of Russia and Mongolia in the Russia - Mongolia - China triangle are acquiring special relevance and importance in modern conditions. The intensification of trade, economic and investment relations between Russia and Mongolia is possible through the implementation of joint projects in the mining and processing industries, modernization of infrastructure and development of tourism.

scholarly journals THE PEOPLE’S COMMISSARIAT OF FORESTRY OF THE SOVIET UNION IN 1932-1940 AND THE PROBLEMS OF PERFORMING PLANNED TASKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.V. Zykin
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
Forest Users ◽  
The Moment

The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of the People’s Commissariat of Forestry of the Soviet Union for performance of planned tasks in 1932-1940 and resolution of problems that arose in the course of their achievement. This aspect of history of the forest industry is poorly investigated and is relevant in terms of studying the economic history of the country during a critical era, such as the "socialist industrialization". The practical importance of the article is connected with the appearance in the period of implementation of the first five-year plans of systemic problems in the development of the industry, which have influenced its current state, and with the need to identify their positive and negative aspects, which can be taken into account and used in determining the prospects of the domestic forest industry. In the article on the basis of unpublished and published sources the statistics of performing planned tasks and the policy of the People’s Commissariat of Forestry, as the main forest user, in relation to the arising problems are considered. The reasons of these difficulties are established. The conclusion is drawn that from the moment of creation in 1932 till the last financial year before the Great Patriotic War, 1940, the department tried to perform plan targets with great difficulties. It turned out to be unrealistic to reach overestimated indicators of the first five-year plans. At the same time, the annual plans were not implemented as well. The People’s Commissariat of Forestry of the USSR in 1932-1940 failed to achieve a significant increase in operational performance and implementation of plans therefore other forest users (people’s commissariats of internal affairs, heavy industry) increased their share in the timber industry.

Economic Growth

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Jerven
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Underdevelopment

The study of long-term growth in Africa has recently been invigorated by the work of economists. To date, this literature has been motivated by explaining a divergence of income and has focused on finding persistent factors that can explain a chronic failure of growth in Africa. This chapter reviews some periods of economic growth in the past two centuries, and suggests that there must be more to learn from studying these periods of economic change and accumulation, particularly because they were accompanied by significant changes in institutions, or how the economy and the society was organized. The African economic history literature does emphasize dynamism—as opposed to persistence, and diversity in outcomes across time and space—in contrast to the average stagnation that has prompted the economic literature. In sum, there is more to learn from studying the history of economic growth in the African past than can be gauged from a search for a root cause of African economic underdevelopment.

scholarly journals Historiographic approaches and methods of sociological science

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
V. G. Gorodyanenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sociological Thought ◽  
The Impact

The article presents various approaches and methods of historiographic research, shows the interrelation between history and historiography. The works depicting the historiographic analysis of important sociological categories and concepts are singled out. The subject, methods and tasks of historiographic studies of the knowledge of sociological science are characterized. Types and varieties of historiographic sources are indicated. The article definitely starts the sociological direction in historiography, highlights the degree of study of historiographic and source research problems. The historiography of sociological science is defined as a branch of knowledge that studies the history of accumulation of sociological knowledge, the development of sociological thought and research methodology, the history of the creation of sociological works and biographies of scientists, the influence of sociopolitical life phenomena on the work of sociologists and the impact of sociological thought on public consciousness, the history of scientific institutions , organization of sociological education and dissemination of sociological knowledge.Attention is drawn to the experience of one of the most famous and influential historiographic schools of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries – the Klyuchevsky school. This school carried out a synthesis of history and sociology. Revising the conceptual tools of knowledge of the past, which the preceding historiography had, he largely shaped the subject and method of national history in a new way, focusing on analyzing the evolution of the social structure of society, researching social and economic processes, rather than describing outstanding events. Due to this, the emphasis from political and legal history was shifted to the socio-economic history. This research orientation had a clear humanistic orientation, as it brought historical research closer to the person in his social environment.The historiography of the sociological approach in the microdynamic studies of J. Turner is described, which reflects the nature and direction of theoretical studies, which are distinguished by an orientation towards active theoretical and multilateral conceptual synthesis. Attention is drawn to the fact that the very fact of developing a theory of this type testifies to the nature of the unfolding of theoretical perspectives in modern sociology. T. Kuhn’s role in the development of historiographic research is shown. In particular, the historiography and sociological aspect of Kuhn’s theory is that various episodes in the development of historiography of sociological science contribute to reconstructing the historical process of sociology, revealing its beginnings and ends, and bridging the gap between sociological theorists and social practices.

1492 to Today

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristella Botticini ◽  
Zvi Eckstein
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
High Skill

This concluding chapter highlights some puzzles that punctuate Jewish history, from the mass expulsion of the Jews from the Iberian Peninsula in 1492–97 to today. A growing number of scholars have been studying the long-term impact of institutions by illustrating that some contemporary economic patterns have been influenced by institutions that emerged centuries ago. This book contributes to this literature by showing that the transition of the Jews from farming into high-skill occupations has also been the outcome of the availability of contract-enforcement institutions shaped by the unique features of the Jewish religion. Meanwhile, social scientists have always been fascinated by the study of religion and by the influence religious values and norms may have on human behavior. Ultimately, the cultural values and social norms that Judaism fostered two millennia ago shaped the demographic and economic history of the Jewish people through today.

Uneven Centuries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevket Pamuk
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
History Of

The population and economy of the area within the present-day borders of Turkey has consistently been among the largest in the developing world, yet there has been no authoritative economic history of Turkey until now. This book examines the economic growth and human development of Turkey over the past two hundred years. Taking a comparative global perspective, the book investigates Turkey's economic history through four periods: the open economy during the nineteenth-century Ottoman era, the transition from empire to nation-state that spanned the two world wars and the Great Depression, the continued protectionism and import-substituting industrialization after World War II, and the neoliberal policies and the opening of the economy after 1980. Making use of indices of GDP per capita, trade, wages, health, and education, the book argues that Turkey's long-term economic trends cannot be explained only by immediate causes such as economic policies, rates of investment, productivity growth, and structural change. The book offers a deeper analysis of the essential forces underlying Turkey's development—its institutions and their evolution—to make better sense of the country's unique history and to provide important insights into the patterns of growth in developing countries during the past two centuries.

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