Flood tolerance of rice grown under intermediate deepwater conditions (15–50 cm) as affected by phosphorus fertilization

1991 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Reddy ◽  
A. R. Sharma ◽  
M. M. Panda
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Flash Flooding ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
P Application ◽  
Intermediate Deepwater ◽  
Tiller Mortality

SUMMARYThe effect of phosphorus fertilizer on the performance of an improved semi-dwarf (100 cm), long duration (170 days), photosensitive rice variety CR 1016, grown under conditions of intermediate deepwater (15–50 cm) and simulated flash flooding (80 cm), was investigated at Cuttack, India in 1985, 1987 and 1988. Growth and yield of rice subjected to overhead flash flooding (complete submergence) at the vegetative stage for 10 days was decreased significantly compared with partial submergence in water of intermediate depth. The adverse effect of complete submergence was due to greater tiller mortality and lower number and/or weight of panicles at maturity. Rice plants fertilized with P tolerated flooding better and produced significantly higher grain yields than when no P was applied. There was no significant effect of P application on the crop grown under natural unsubmerged conditions, except when it was raised in the same plots as the previous year and may therefore have benefited from residual effects. Therefore, application of 8.7–17.5 kg P/ha along with 60 kg N and 16.7 kg K/ha at sowing was essential to overcome the deleterious effects of submergence on rice grown under waterlogged conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Season, Variety and Phosphorus Fertilization on the Growth and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Bauchi State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Yunusa Muhammad Shuaibu ◽  
Sani Kawure ◽  
Rashida Abdulmumini Bala
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

An experiment was conducted at teaching and research farm of the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi, during the dry and rainy seasons of 2016 to evaluate the effect of variety and phosphorus fertilization on the growth and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The treatment consisted of two groundnut varieties (Samnut 24 and Samnut 25), two levels of phosphorus fertilizer (25kg and 50kg/ha) and a control, factorially combined to give six treatment combinations. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Data were collected on the plant height, number of leaves, 100-grain weight and grain yield. All data collected were subjected Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and DMRT was adopted in separating the means. The result of the experiment showed that, there is a significant difference (P = 0.05) in both seasons on all the parameters observed. The results further indicated that, application of 25 kg P/ha produced statistically (P = 0.05) similar result with 50 kg P/ha, however the two treatments were better than the control. On varieties, Samnut 25 proved to be significantly (P = 0.05) better than Samnut 24 on most of the parameters observed. Based on the result of these findings, application of 25 kg P/ha to Samnut 25 can be adopted by farmers for profitable groundnut production in the study area.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Fertilization in Rice (Oryza sativa L) Cultivation Changes Soil P-Fractions

2010 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
AL Shah ◽  
JC Biswas ◽  
ARM Solaiman ◽  
GM Panaullah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Rice Soil ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
P Application ◽  
Rice Genotypes

A study was conducted at the BRRI research farm during 2001 to determine the distribution of soil phosphorus (P) fractions in P-deficient rice soil that received varied amount of P as triple super phosphate (TSP) and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP). Solution P ranged from 0.06 to 0.08 mg L-1 which was significantly greater in long duration variety (LDV) compared to short duration variety (SDV) at Pcontrol conditions. The increase in NaHCO3-Pi pool was 4.5-35.2% greater with LDV compared to SDV at 30-45 kg P ha-1. There was 7-10% greater NaOH-Po after growing LDV compared to SDV at larger P doses as TSP. The buildup of NaOH-Po pool was greater by 18% after growth of SDV compared to LDV when P was added as DAP. The NaOH-Pi fraction increased by about 21-212% with P application compared to P control irrespective of P sources. The larger HCl-Pi fraction buildup (21-152%) took place because of P application either as TSP or DAP, especially with the LDV. The increase in residual-P fraction was 10-158% because of P-fertilization and rice genotypes compared to control. Under Pfertilized conditions, NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Po appeared to have acted as sinks of added P-fertilizer. Cultivation of rice genotypes at 30-40 kg P ha-1 under lowland situations further contributes to P buildup in soil which could be utilized in the succeeding crops for profitable farming.

Phosphorus fertilization in inbred and hybrid rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
PK Saha ◽  
SK Zaman ◽  
MJ Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
P Balance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Boro Rice

Five phosphorus rates (0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 kg P/ha) were tested with four rice genotypes in Boro (BRRI dhan36, BRRI dhan45, EH1 and EH2) and T. Aman (BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan49, EH1 and EH2) season. Phosphorus rates did not influence grain yield irrespective of varieties in T. Aman season while in Boro season P response was observed among the P rates. Application of P @ 10 kg/ha significantly increased the grain yield. But when P was applied @ 20 and 30 kg P/ha, the grain yield difference was not significant. The optimum and economic rate of P for T. Aman was 20 kg P/ha but in Boro rice the optimum and economic doses of P were 22 and 30 kg/ha, respectively. Hybrid entries (EH1 and EH2) used P more efficiently than inbred varieties. A negative P balance was observed up to 10 kg P/ha. Key words: Response; Phosphorus fertilizer; Inbred; Hybrid rice DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8962 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 181-187

scholarly journals Thiourea and hydrogen peroxide priming improved K+ retention and source-sink relationship for mitigating salt stress in rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Pandey ◽  
Radha Krishna Paladi ◽  
Ashish Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Penna Suprasanna
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Redox Environment ◽  
Source Sink

AbstractPlant bioregulators (PBRs) represent low-cost chemicals for boosting plant defense, especially under stress conditions. In the present study, redox based PBRs such as thiourea (TU; a non-physiological thiol-based ROS scavenger) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2; a prevalent biological ROS) were assessed for their ability to mitigate NaCl stress in rice variety IR 64. Despite their contrasting redox chemistry, TU or H2O2 supplementation under NaCl [NaCl + TU (NT) or NaCl + H2O2 (NH)] generated a reducing redox environment in planta, which improved the plant growth compared with those of NaCl alone treatment. This was concomitant with better K+ retention and upregulated expression of NaCl defense related genes including HAK21, LEA1, TSPO and EN20 in both NT and NH treated seedlings. Under field conditions, foliar applications of TU and H2O2, at vegetative growth, pre-flowering and grain filling stages, increased growth and yield attributes under both control and NaCl stress conditions. Principal component analysis revealed glutathione reductase dependent reduced ROS accumulation in source (flag leaves) and sucrose synthase mediated sucrose catabolism in sink (developing inflorescence), as the key variables associated with NT and NH mediated effects, respectively. In addition, photosystem-II efficiency, K+ retention and source-sink relationship were also improved in TU and H2O2 treated plants. Taken together, our study highlights that reducing redox environment acts as a central regulator of plant’s tolerance responses to salt stress. In addition, TU and H2O2 are proposed as potential redox-based PBRs for boosting rice productivity under the realistic field conditions.

Soil seed bank and vegetation dynamics in Sahelian fallows; the impact of past cropping and current grazing treatments

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Hérault ◽  
Pierre Hiernaux
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Seed Extraction ◽  
The Impact

The soil seed bank in a 5-y-old Sahelian fallow was studied through seed extraction and compared with germinations recorded either in controlled conditions, ex situ in a glasshouse, or in the field. The influence of phosphorus fertilizer and mulch application during the preceding crop period, and that of seasonal grazing regimes applied the last 2 y of fallowing, were assessed on the composition of the seed stock. Ctenium elegans, Fimbristylis hispidula, Merremia pinnata and Phyllanthus pentandrus accounted together for 75% of extracted seeds, 72% of ex situ, and 62% of in situ seedlings. Mulch treatment was correlated with the first axis of the canonical correspondence analyses performed on the seedling datasets. Mulch and phosphorus fertilizer treatments held similar responses, as they both favoured the seed bank of erect dicotyledons such as P. pentandrus and Cassia mimosoides. On the whole, the effects of grazing remained modest compared with the residual effects of past crop management practices. However, seedling densities increased as a result of dry-season grazing, while the soil seed bank decreased with wet-season grazing. Grazing also reduced the spatial heterogeneity of the seed bank rather than the overall number of species.

scholarly journals Effect of phosphorus fertilizer levels on growth and yield of haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris .L.) in South Ommo Zone, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Degife Asefa Zebire ◽  
Samuel Gelgelo
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Important Cash Crop

Haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important cash crop and protein source for farmers in many parts of Ethiopia. However, its production is limited by phosphorus fertilizer. Therefore, field experiment was conducted at the Malle woreda in Koybe kebele farmers training center during the main rain season of 2016 to investigate the responses of haricot bean to different levels of phosphorus fertilizer and its effect on growth, and bean yield. Four phosphorus rates (0, 23, 46, and 69kg ha-1) were used as treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Red Wolaita haricot bean variety was used as planting material. Recommended rate of N (46 kg/ha) was applied to all treatments. The effect of phosphorus was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased bean yield and growth parameters such as leaf area and number of branches per plant, whereas its effect was not significant on plant height. Based on result obtained, application of 46kg P ha-1 is recommended for better production of haricot bean at Malle woreda and similar areas which have the same soil property.

scholarly journals The Effect of Concentration of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Extract on Growth Parameters of Rice (Oryza sativa) Inpari-32

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012026
Author(s):  
D Sumardi ◽  
M Bahariawan ◽  
R R Maulani ◽  
S Suhandono ◽  
C Novia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Tobacco Extract

Abstract Rice plants (Oryza sativa) are a significant food crop. Tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) can be beneficial and affect growth due to allelochemical content. The srudy aims to determine the effect of tobacco extract (N. tabacum) on the growth and yield of rice (O. sativa) Inpari-32 variety. The study method used the RBD as an experimental design. Three treatments with different concentrations of tobacco extract and one control with three replications. Growth variables were observed: growth rate, plant height, number of tillers, number of leaves, shoot and root dry weight, flowering age, and phytohormones. Observations of the harvest stage include the weight of stover, number of panicle seeds, the total number of tillers, weight of 1000 seeds, the ratio of the weight of filled grain, and productivity (tons/ha). The results showed that although not significant, tobacco extract treatment increased the number of tillers and leaves, the content of phytohormon IAA in the vegetative phase, the content of GA3 in the generative phase, shoot-root ratio, number of tillers, and accelerated flowering age. The implication of tobacco extract positively affects the plant growth variable and accelerated flowering age of rice variety (O. sativa) Inpari 32.

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