Studies on the к-casein complex: II. The isolation of a sialic acid-containing fraction by disrupting the complex at low pH in the presence of sodium chloride

1965 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Beeby
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trichloracetic Acid ◽  
Complex Ii ◽  
Total Sialic Acid

SummaryWhen crude к-casein was precipitated at pH 3 in the presence of 0·4m-NaCl the supernatant contained up to 80% of the total sialic acid but no detectable cystine or cysteine. Two fractions were obtained from this supernatant by chromatography on DEAE cellulose; one containing 4–6% sialic acid and the other only onetenth of this amount.Most of the sialic acid of the sialic acid-rich fraction was soluble in 12% trichloracetic acid following treatment with rennin. It is suggested that the glycopeptide released by the action of the enzyme on casein originates from this fraction.

scholarly journals The structure of carbohydrate unit B of porcine thyroglobulin

1981 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Yamamoto ◽  
T Tsuji ◽  
T Irimura ◽  
T Osawa
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methylation Analysis ◽  
Complex Type ◽  
Mannose Residue ◽  
Sugar Chains ◽  
Carbohydrate Unit

The oligosaccharide fraction was obtained from porcine thyroglobulin by hydrazinolysis. Four fractions of unit B-type oligosaccharides were purified by successive chromatographies on columns of DEAE-cellulose and concanavalin A-Sepharose, and their structures were investigated by the combination of endo- and exo-glycosidase digestions, methylation analysis and Smith degradation. From the results of these studies, the structures of the unit B oligosaccharides were proposed to be as follows: see formula in text. Thus the glycoprotein was found to have triantennary and biantennary complex-type oligosaccharides as acidic sugar chains. Concerning the triantennary oligosaccharides, the following structural features were shown: (1) the sialic acid residues were not localized on certain specific branches but distributed on all three branches; (2) however, alpha (2 leads to 3)-linked sialic acid residues were exclusively located on the terminal of the branch arising from C-4 of the branching alpha-mannose residue, whereas alpha (2 leads to 6)-linked sialic acid residues occupied terminals of the other branches; (3) the outer branching alpha-mannose residue was attached to C-3 or C-6 of an inner branching beta-linked mannose residue, and both types were observed to exist.

A GENERAL METHOD FOR THE ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF PHOSVITIN FROM VERTEBRATE EGGS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1647-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Wallace ◽  
D. W. Jared ◽  
A. Z. Eisen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Complex Ii ◽  
Vertebrate Eggs ◽  
General Method

A general method has been developed for the isolation and purification of phosvitin from vertebrate eggs. The method is detailed in three steps consisting of (i) isolation of a phosvitin–lipovitellin complex; (ii) ammonium sulfate precipitation of the lipovitellin; and (iii) DEAE-cellulose chromatography of the remaining phosvitin. Phosvitin was isolated from the eggs of five representative vertebrates (lamprey, trout, frog, turtle, and chicken), and chemical analyses together with sedimentation studies were performed on the samples. Preparations were obtained with the lowest N/P ratios reported to date. The analytical results also suggested that trout phosvitin has approximately half the molecular weight (24,000) of the other proteins and that "purified" phosvitin may still be heterogeneous.

scholarly journals COMPONENTS OF GUINEA PIG COMPLEMENT

1963 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Linscott ◽  
Kusuya Nishioka
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Fluid Phase ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Labile ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Pig Serum

The elution characteristics from DEAE cellulose are presented for four components of guinea pig serum, which are capable of interacting sequentially with sheep erythrocytes sensitized with antibody and the first, fourth, and second components of complement (EAC'1,4,2) to cause immune hemolysis, and information is given regarding some of the properties of these components, termed C'3c, C'3b, C'3a, and C'3d. All can react in the presence of ethylene-diaminetetraacetate, and are non-dialyzable. C'3c is quite stable at 56°C, but is rapidly inactivated at low pH or by contact with hydrazine or ammonium hydroxide. C'3b is moderately heat-stable, quite susceptible to low pH, and less readily destroyed by hydrazine. C'3a is very heat-labile, but relatively stable at low pH, while C'3d is heat-labile, sensitive to low pH, and insensitive to bydrazine. EAC'1,4,2 reacts with C'3c to form EAC'1,4,2,3c, which reacts then with C'3b to give the intermediate, EAC'1,4,2,3cb. The following reaction with C'3a yields EAC'1,4,2,3cba, which reacts finally with C'3d to give EAC'1,4, 2,3cbad (E*). The first and last reactions proceed moderately well at 0°C, but more rapidly at 30–37°C. The reaction with C'3b is almost completely inhibited at 0°C, while that involving C'3a proceeds almost as rapidly at 0°C as at higher temperatures. EAC'1,4,2,3cba cells have an increased fragility as compared with the other intermediate forms. Depletion studies with purified fractions and appropriate intermediate complexes showed a high degree of depletion of C'3c, somewhat less of C'3b, and little or no depletion of C'3a from the fluid phase. Examination of a beta1C globulin prepared from fresh human serum revealed high C'3c and C'3b activity, and very little C'3a or C'3d.

Salivary Total Sialic Acid Levels Increase in Breast Cancer Patients: A Preliminary Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyla Koc Ozturk ◽  
Ebru Emekli-Alturfan ◽  
Emel Kasikci ◽  
Gokhan Demir ◽  
Aysen Yarat
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Total Sialic Acid ◽  
Preliminary Study

scholarly journals Pollution Characteristics, Distribution and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils from an Abandoned Coal Mine Area in Southwestern China

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Libo Pan ◽  
Xiao Guan ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Yanjun Chen ◽  
Ying Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Background Values

Acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines can lead to serious environmental problems due to its low pH and high concentrations of potentially toxic elements. In this study, soil pH, sulfur (S) content, and arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg) concentrations were measured in 27 surface soil samples from areas in which coal-mining activities ceased nine years previously in Youyu Catchment, Guizhou Province, China. The soil was acidic, with a mean pH of 5.28. Cadmium was the only element with a mean concentration higher than the national soil quality standard. As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Fe concentrations were all higher than the background values in Guizhou Province. This was especially true for the Cd, Cu, and Fe concentrations, which were 1.69, 1.95, and 12.18 times their respective background values. The geoaccumulation index of Cd and Fe was present at unpolluted to moderately polluted and heavily polluted levels, respectively, indicating higher pollution levels than for the other elements in the study area. Spatially, significantly high Fe and S concentrations, as well as extremely low pH values, were found in the soils of the AMD sites; however, sites where tributaries merged with the Youyu River (TM) had the highest Cd pollution level. Iron originated mainly from non-point sources (e.g., AMD and coal gangues), while AMD and agricultural activity were the predominant sources of Cd. The results of an eco-risk assessment indicated that Cd levels presented a moderate potential ecological risk, while the other elements all posed a low risk. For the TM sites, the highest eco-risk was for Cd, with levels that could be harmful for aquatic organisms in the wet season, and may endanger human health via the food chain.

Changes in Seryl-tRNA Formative in Developing Chick Muscle

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 838-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Nwagwu ◽  
John Lianga
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
The Other ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Embryonic Muscle ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
The One

As a prelude to an analysis of the dependence of muscle protein synthesis on aminoacyl tRNA's, we have investigated the rates of seryl-tRNA formation, in vitro, by aminoacylating systems isolated from 11-, 14-, and 17-day chick embryonic muscle. The results show that the combination of 14-day tRNA and 14-day aminoacyl synthetase is the most efficient in seryl-tRNA formation. We have also studied the qualitative and quantitative changes in seryl-tRNA prepared from 11-, 14-, and 17-day embryonic chick muscle by chromatography of seryl-tRNA on benzoylated DEAE-cellulose columns. The results show that, although there are no qualitative differences in the chromatographic patterns of seryl-tRNA from the different ages, there are significant quantitative differences between the patterns for 11-day and 17-day seryl-tRNA on the one hand, and the pattern for 14-day seryl-tRNA on the other.

Limnetic Zooplankton Assemblages in Atlantic Canada with Special Reference to Acidification

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. H. Carter ◽  
W. D. Taylor ◽  
R. Chengalath ◽  
D. A. Scruton
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Multiple Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Biological Factors

Crustacean and rotifer plankton assemblages of 93 lakes in Labrador, 107 in Newfoundland, and 142 in New Brunswick – Nova Scotia were investigated for evidence of correlations with lake morphometric, chemical, or biological factors. Labrador assemblages were almost completely lacking in identifiable structure. Newfoundland species clustered into two groups of different body size, suggesting the influence of fish predation. Only one species in Labrador and Newfoundland was significantly correlated with a derived factor related to lake water buffering capacity. New Brunswick – Nova Scotia species clustered into two groups, one featuring significant positive and the other significant negative correlations with the buffering factor. From this we conclude that acidification is having an impact on the limnetic zooplankton of these two provinces. Multiple discriminant analysis was used to demonstrate that New Brunswick – Nova Scotia lakes differing in their buffering capacity were also distinct in zooplankton composition. Lakes with low factor scores (low pH, alkalinity, and calcium) were mainly located in the Bay of Fundy region; this area has above average fog and precipitation, and lies within the summer air flow carrying pollutants from the south.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE SODIUM, POTASSIUM, AND CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION OF THE FEEDING TO THE WEIGHT GAIN OF PREMATURE INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 909-916
Author(s):  
Herbert I. Goldman ◽  
Samuel Karelitz ◽  
Hedda Acs ◽  
Eli Seifter
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

One hundred four healthy premature infants, of birth weight 1,000 to 1,800 gm, were fed one of five feedings: (1) human milk; (2) human milk plus 13 meq/l of sodium chloride; (3) human milk plus 13 meq/l of sodium chloride and 18 meq/l of potassium chloride; (4) a half-skimmed cows milk formula; and (5) a partially-skimmed vegetable oil, cows milk formula. The infants fed any of the three human milk formulas gained weight at a slower rate than the infants fed either of the two cows milk formulas. Infants whose diets were changed from unmodified human milk to the half-skimmed cows milk gained large amounts of weight, and at times were visibly edematous. Infants whose diets were changed from the human milks with added sodium chloride, to the half-skimmed cows milk, gained lesser amounts of weight and did not become edematous. The infants fed the two cows milk diets gained similar amounts of weight, although one diet provided 6.5 gm/kg/day, the other 3.1 gm/kg/day of protein.

Specific alterations in sodium chloride intake after hypothalamic lesions in the rat

1963 ◽  
Vol 205 (5) ◽  
pp. 922-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel R. Covian ◽  
José Antunes-Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urinary Output ◽  
Water Ingestion ◽  
Hypothalamic Lesions ◽  
Paraventricular Nuclei ◽  
Electrolytic Lesions ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Sodium Chloride Intake

Bilateral electrolytic lesions in the hypothalamus of the rat elicited either a decrease or increase in 2% NaCl intake, without a significant change in water ingestion. Lesions placed in the anterior hypothalamus involving supraoptic or paraventricular nuclei, or both, resulted in a conspicuous fall (as much as 93%) of NaCl intake. The decreased consumption remained to the end of the experiments which in some rats lasted 105 days and was accompanied by a decrease in NaCl urinary output. On the contrary, lesions placed in the central hypothalamus determined a specific increase of NaCl intake together with an augmented urinary excretion. The increased ingestion was permanent and lasted to the end of the experiment, attaining in one rat the value of 290%. To account for these results two provisional explanations are advanced, one of them considering the possibility of the existence of two areas of opposite effects regarding NaCl ingestion and the other claiming a neurohumoral mechanism in which oxytocin and aldosterone could be the two responsible hormones.

The evaluation of serum total sialic acid and lipid-bound sialic acid levels in chronically exposed rats to 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and fluoride

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokhan Oto ◽  
Suat Ekin ◽  
Hasan Uyar ◽  
Hulya Ozdemir ◽  
Damla Yıldız ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Total Sialic Acid
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