scholarly journals The influence of maternal and child FADS genotype on cord blood polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie C. Conway ◽  
Maria S. Mulhern ◽  
Emeir M. McSorley ◽  
J.J. Strain ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Heterozygous Genotype ◽  
Total N ◽  
Allele Homozygote ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Major Allele

AbstractOptimal maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status is essential for foetal development. The desaturase enzymes, encoded by the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes, are involved in the endogenous synthesis of long chain (LC)PUFA and influence maternal LCPUFA concentrations. The minor allele of various FADS SNPs has been associated with increased maternal concentrations of the precursors linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and lower concentrations of the LCPUFA arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); however, there is limited research to date on the influence of FADS genotype on cord PUFA status. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of maternal and child genetic variation on cord blood PUFA status in a high fish-eating cohort.Cord blood samples collected from mother-child pairs (n = 1088) taking part in the Seychelles Child Development Study (SCDS) Nutrition Cohort 2 (NC2) were analysed for total serum PUFA. Maternal (n = 1088) and child genotype (n = 592) were determined for the FADS SNPs rs174537, rs174561, rs174575, and rs3834458. Regression analysis determined associations between maternal and child FADS genotype and cord PUFA status. In all regression models, the major allele homozygote genotype for each SNP was used as the reference group.Directions of significant associations were as predicted. In mothers, the minor allele homozygote genotype for SNPs rs174537, rs174561 and rs3834458 was associated with lower cord DHA and lower total n-3 PUFA when compared to the major allele homozygous genotype (p < 0.05 for all). The heterozygous genotype was associated with increased concentrations of LA compared to the reference genotype for rs174561 (p = 0.021) and rs383448 (p = 0.023). In children, the heterozygous genotype was associated with lower AA concentrations and lower cord n-6:n-3 ratio for all SNPs (p < 0.05 for all) compared to those with the major allele homozygous genotype. A lower cord AA:LA ratio was also observed for children heterozygous for rs174547, rs174561 and rs174575 (p < 0.05 for all). Contrary to expected, there were no associations between cord PUFA concentrations and child minor allele homozygous genotype.The current study indicates that variation in maternal and child FADS genotype influences cord PUFA concentrations, despite the high intake of preformed dietary LCPUFA from fish in this population. The sample size for minor allele homozygous children was likely too small to observe any statistically significant associations in the current analysis. Further research is needed to determine whether increased dietary intake can compensate for lower PUFA status as a result of FADS genotype.

scholarly journals Maternal and child fatty acid desaturase genotype as determinants of cord blood long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) concentrations in the Seychelles Child Development Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Marie C. Conway ◽  
Emeir M. McSorley ◽  
Maria S. Mulhern ◽  
Toni Spence ◽  
Maria Weslowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Development Study ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Chain Pufa ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Optimal maternal long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA) status is essential for the developing fetus. The fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes are involved in the endogenous synthesis of LCPUFA. The minor allele of various FADS SNP have been associated with increased maternal concentrations of the precursors linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and lower concentrations of arachidonic acid (AA) and DHA. There is limited research on the influence of FADS genotype on cord PUFA status. The current study investigated the influence of maternal and child genetic variation in FADS genotype on cord blood PUFA status in a high fish-eating cohort. Cord blood samples (n 1088) collected from the Seychelles Child Development Study (SCDS) Nutrition Cohort 2 (NC2) were analysed for total serum PUFA. Of those with cord PUFA data available, maternal (n 1062) and child (n 916), FADS1 (rs174537 and rs174561), FADS2 (rs174575), and FADS1-FADS2 (rs3834458) were determined. Regression analysis determined that maternal minor allele homozygosity was associated with lower cord blood concentrations of DHA and the sum of EPA + DHA. Lower cord blood AA concentrations were observed in children who were minor allele homozygous for rs3834458 (β = 0·075; P = 0·037). Children who were minor allele carriers for rs174537, rs174561, rs174575 and rs3834458 had a lower cord blood AA:LA ratio (P < 0·05 for all). Both maternal and child FADS genotype were associated with cord LCPUFA concentrations, and therefore, the influence of FADS genotype was observed despite the high intake of preformed dietary LCPUFA from fish in this population.

scholarly journals Effect of plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid levels on leukocyte telomere lengths in the Singaporean Chinese population

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuling Chang ◽  
Rajkumar Dorajoo ◽  
Ye Sun ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Choon Nam Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Total N ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Cad Risk

Abstract Background Shorter telomere length (TL) has been associated with poor health behaviors, increased risks of chronic diseases and early mortality. Excessive shortening of telomere is a marker of accelerated aging and can be influenced by oxidative stress and nutritional deficiency. Plasma n6:n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio may impact cell aging. Increased dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFA is associated with reduced telomere attrition. However, the effect of plasma PUFA on leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and its interaction with genetic variants are not well established. Methods A nested coronary artery disease (CAD) case-control study comprising 711 cases and 638 controls was conducted within the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS). Samples genotyped with the Illumina ZhongHua-8 array. Plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFA were quantified using mass spectrometry (MS). LTL was measured with quantitative PCR method. Linear regression was used to test the association between PUFA and LTL. The interaction between plasma PUFAs and genetic variants was assessed by introducing an additional term (PUFA×genetic variant) in the regression model. Analysis was carried out in cases and controls separately and subsequently meta-analyzed using the inverse-variance weighted method. We further assessed the association of PUFA and LTL with CAD risk by Cox Proportional-Hazards model and whether the effect of PUFA on CAD was mediated through LTL by using structural equation modeling. Results Higher n6:n3 ratio was significantly associated with shorter LTL (p = 0.018) and increased CAD risk (p = 0.005). These associations were mainly driven by elevated plasma total n-3 PUFAs, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant interaction for an intergenic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs529143 with plasma total n-3 PUFA and DHA on LTL beyond the genome-wide threshold (p < 5 ×  10− 8). Mediation analysis showed that PUFA and LTL affected CAD risk independently. Conclusions Higher plasma n6:n3 PUFA ratio, and lower EPA and DHA n-3 PUFAs were associated with shorter LTL and increased CAD risk in this Chinese population. Furthermore, genetic variants may modify the effect of PUFAs on LTL. PUFA and LTL had independent effect on CAD risk in our study population.

Total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake is inversely associated with serum C-reactive protein in young Japanese women

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Murakami ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Yoshiko Takahashi ◽  
Kazuhiro Uenishi ◽  
Mitsuyo Yamasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Total N ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Young Japanese Women

Genetic polymorphisms of the OPG gene associated with breast cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1523-1523
Author(s):  
Gunter Assmann ◽  
Ingolf Juhasz-Boess ◽  
Frank Gruenhage ◽  
Stefan Graeber ◽  
Stefan Wieczorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Minor Allele ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Major Allele ◽  
The Impact

1523 Background: The receptor activator of NfkappaB (RANK) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) cascade system have been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC). Genetic variations in the genes coding for RANK, RANK ligand (RANKL), and OPG are supposed to play a role in the susceptibility of breast cancer. Methods: In the present case-control study genomic DNA was obtained from 307 BC patients (age: median 56) and 396 healthy female controls (healthy blood donors, HC; age median: 45). We studied six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes coding for RANK (2 SNPs, rs1805034, rs35211496), OPG (2 SNPs, rs3102735, rs2073618), and RANKL (2 SNPs, rs9533156, rs2277438) using TaqMan assay-guided PCR for the respective SNPs. The genotype and allelic frequencies comparing BC with HC were analyzed with χ2 test for 2x3 and 2x2 tables, respectively. Results: The genotype distributions as well as the allelic frequencies of the SNP rs3102735 in the OPG gene differed significantly (p=0.006 and p=0.019, respectively) between BC patients and HC; the genotypes containing the minor allele were more frequent in BC patients (table). In the OPG SNP rs2073618 the minor allele C was significantly less frequent in BC patients compared to HC (43.8 vs. 49.7%; OR: 0.788; p=0.031). In addition, BC patients carried less frequently the homozygous genotype of the minor allele compared to major allele (18.6 vs. 23.9%, p=0.083). No significant risk was detected for the other SNPs investigated in this study. Conclusions: This is the first study reporting a significant association of the SNP rs3102735 in the OPG gene with the susceptibility to develop BC in the Caucasian population. The minor allele C of OPG SNP rs2073618, however, seems to be protective against BC disease. The impact of the OPG SNP rs3102735 (location: 5`near region, chromosome 8q24) and of the OPG SNP rs2073618 (a missense SNP, leading to amino acid exchanges Leu3Asn) on the pathogenesis of BC are unclear. [Table: see text]

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

Selected gene – polyunsaturated fatty acid interactions and risk of obesity

2010 ◽  
Vol 72 (08/09) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Jourdan ◽  
S Kloiber ◽  
H Himmerich ◽  
C Gieger ◽  
H Wichmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid
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