scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Dietary Choline Status on Body Mass and Lipid Profile in Rat Offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Mikołajczyk-Stecyna ◽  
Ewelina Żuk ◽  
Krzysztof Olszyński ◽  
Piotr Celichowski ◽  
Marcin Ruciński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Dietary Choline

AbstractBoth maternal metabolic status and nutrition during pregnancy and lactation may have a programming effect on offspring metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the role of the dietary choline supply during pregnancy and lactation in rat dams suffering from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on body weight and plasma lipid profile of the progeny.The research protocol was approved by the local ethics committee. The study groups included the offspring of 1. healthy dams receiving choline during pregnancy and lactation (the control group); 2. NAFLD dams receiving choline during pregnancy and lactation (NN); 3. NAFLD dams receiving choline during pregnancy and a choline-deficient diet during lactation (ND); 4. NAFLD dams receiving a choline-deficient diet during pregnancy and a supply of choline during lactation (DN); and 5. NAFLD dams receiving a choline-deficient diet during both pregnancy and lactation (DD). Body mass and plasma lipid profile were assessed in male and female rats from each group on day 3 (3d), day 24 (24d), and day 90 (90d).Body mass was significantly lower in the male offspring of the DD and DN groups than in the control group. Differences were observed at all times (3d: p = 0.0023; 24d: p < 0.0001; 90d: p < 0.0001). Moreover, body mass was significantly higher in the male offspring of the control group than in any other group. In the female progeny, body mass was higher in the control group than in the ND (24d: p < 0.0001; 90d: p = 0.0067) or NN (24d: p = 0.0058) groups.Total plasma cholesterol concentration was higher in the 90d males of the control group than in the DD group (p = 0.0163) and in the 24d females of the NN group than in the ND group (p = 0.0495). In the 3d animals, LDL was higher (p = 0.0083) but HDL was lower (p = 0.0196) in male rats of the DD and DN groups than in the NN and ND groups. Neither age nor sex affected LDL levels. The plasma levels of triglycerides were not affected by the dietary regimen, sex, or age of the animals.Maternal NAFLD and dietary choline status during pregnancy and lactation affect body mass and lipid profile in rat offspring, and the effects of maternal programming are more pronounced in male offspring than in female.The project was financed by the National Science Centre, Poland (2016/21/D/NZ9/00360).

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacing Yellow Corn with Olive Cake Meal on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipid Profile, and Muscle Fatty Acid Content in Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2240
Author(s):  
Ahmed Saleh ◽  
Mohammed Alzawqari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Lipid Profile ◽  
Olive Cake ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

The current study focused exclusively on evaluating the effects of replacing corn with olive cake meal (OCM) in the diet of broilers on their growth performance, abdominal fat, selected plasma parameters, and muscle fatty acid (FA) content. A total of 480 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were divided into four treatment groups with 12 replicates/treatment. The control group was fed the base diet, whereas the second to fourth groups were fed diets of corn with 5%, 10%, and 20% contents of OCM, respectively. Broilers fed with the 5% and 10% OCM diets showed better body weight (p = 0.04) and feed conversion ratio than the 20% OCM group (p < 0.048). Both nitrogen retention and ether extract digestibility were not improved by replaced corn with OCM. Replacing corn with OCM led to a decreased abdominal fat percentage (p = 0.023) compared with the control group. Birds in the OCM groups showed the lowest total cholesterol values (p = 0.038). The breast muscle (musculus pectoralis superficialis) content of oleic and linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids was significantly high in birds fed with OCM diets. However, their palmitic acid level was significantly decreased. Vitamin E was increased by increasing the OCM level. Thus, we concluded that replacing corn with OCM, especially at a 10% level, is more effective than other replacement levels in improving growth performance, plasma lipid profile, and muscle FA content, as well as in causing a reduction in abdominal fat in broilers.

scholarly journals Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WJL administration during pregnancy and lactation improves lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and gut microbiota diversity in dyslipidemic dams and protects male offspring against cardiovascular dysfunction in later life

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 8939-8950
Author(s):  
Keyth Sulamitta de Lima Guimarães ◽  
Valdir de Andrade Braga ◽  
Sylvana I. S. Rendeiro de Noronha ◽  
Whyara Karoline Almeida da Costa ◽  
Kassem Makki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Cardiovascular Dysfunction ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WJL administration during pregnancy and lactation improves gut microbiota diversity.

scholarly journals Plasma lipid profile of mice fed diet supplemented with broiler fat

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Das ◽  
ME Hossain ◽  
MA Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile

This study was conducted with 180 female Swiss albino mice to examine the effects of supplementing broiler fat in the diets of mice on blood lipid profile. Twenty one days old mice were collected from ICDDRB, Mohakhali, Dhaka. They were randomly distributed in four groups having three replications each. Each replicate group had 15 mice. Results revealed that supplementation of broiler fat in mice diet significantly changed (p<0.05) triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) among groups. The control group (T0) had the highest level of cholesterol and LDL. Cholesterol, TG and LDL markedly increased (p<0.05) in all dietary treatment groups, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly (p<0.01) decreased after supplementation of experimental diets. It was concluded that all the dietary treatments in general increased blood cholesterol, TG and LDL in mice fed broiler fat with different oil supplements. However, the soybean and palm oil group was comparatively better than other groups in respect of cholesterol, HDL and LDL at the blood lipid profile of mice. Therefore, it can be concluded that consumption of broiler fat with soybean and palm oil could be less harmful for mice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19380 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 21-24

scholarly journals Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 Supplementation in Rats during Pregnancy and Lactation Impacts Maternal and Offspring Lipid Profile, Immune System and Microbiota

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignasi Azagra-Boronat ◽  
Alba Tres ◽  
Malén Massot-Cladera ◽  
Àngels Franch ◽  
Margarida Castell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cytotoxic Cells ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Intestinal Iga

Probiotics have shown potential for their use in early life. This study aimed to investigate whether the administration of Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 during pregnancy and lactation periods impacts maternal and offspring plasma lipid profile, immune system and microbiota. Rats were supplemented with the probiotic during gestation and two weeks of lactation. After supplementation, although the microbiota composition was not affected, the probiotic strain was detected in all cecal contents of dams and in some of their pups. Dams showed reduced proportion of T cytotoxic cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes, modulation of intestinal cytokines (IL-10 and IL-12) and changes in plasma fatty acids (20:0, 22:0, 20:5 n-3, and 18:3 n-6). Pups showed changes in immunoglobulins (intestinal IgA and plasmatic IgG2a and IgG2c) and fatty acid profile (17:0, 22:0, and 18:2 n-6). Overall, Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 supplementation contributed to beneficially modulating the immune system of the mother and its offspring.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Body Composition and Parameters of the Cardiovascular Risk in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Jednacz ◽  
Lidia Rutkowska-Sak
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage

The study was aimed to evaluate cardiovascular risk parameters, body mass index (BMI) centiles for sex and age, and body fat percentage using the electric bioimpedance method in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). 30 children with JIA participated in the study. A control group included 20 children. Patients were well matched for the age and sex. The body mass and body fat percentage were determined using the segmental body composition analyser; the BMI centiles were determined. All patients had the following parameters determined: lipid profile, hsCRP, homocysteine, and IL-6. The intima media thickness (IMT) was measured. Patients with JIA had significantly lower body weight, BMI, and the BMI centile compared to the control group. The IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with JIA compared to the control group. There were no differences between two groups with regard to the lipid profile, % content of the fat tissue, homocysteine levels, hsCRP, and IMT. Further studies are necessary to search for reasons for lower BMI and BMI centile in children with JIA and to attempt to answer the question of whether lower BMI increases the cardiovascular risk in these patients, similarly as in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

scholarly journals A Maternal “Junk Food” Diet in Pregnancy and Lactation Promotes Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rat Offspring

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 1451-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie A. Bayol ◽  
Bigboy H. Simbi ◽  
Robert C. Fowkes ◽  
Neil C. Stickland
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

With rising obesity rates, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is predicted to become the main cause of chronic liver disease in the next decades. Rising obesity prevalence is attributed to changes in dietary habits with increased consumption of palatable junk foods, but maternal malnutrition also contributes to obesity in progeny. This study examines whether a maternal junk food diet predisposes offspring to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The 144 rat offspring were fed either a balanced chow diet alone or with palatable junk foods rich in energy, fat, sugar, and/or salt during gestation, lactation, and/or after weaning up to the end of adolescence. Offspring fed junk food throughout the study exhibited exacerbated hepatic steatosis, hepatocyte ballooning, and oxidative stress response compared with offspring given free access to junk food after weaning only. These offspring also displayed sex differences in their hepatic molecular metabolic adaptation to diet-induced obesity with increased expression of genes associated with insulin sensitivity, de novo lipogenesis, lipid oxidation, and antiinflammatory properties in males, whereas the gene expression profile in females was indicative of hepatic insulin resistance. Hepatic inflammation and fibrosis were not detected indicating that offspring had not developed severe steatohepatitis by the end of adolescence. Hepatic steatosis and increased oxidative stress response also occurred in offspring born to junk food-fed mothers switched to a balanced chow diet from weaning, highlighting a degree of irreversibility. This study shows that a maternal junk food diet in pregnancy and lactation contributes to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in offspring.

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