The involvement of TLR2 in cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by PBMCs in response toLeishmania majorphosphoglycans (PGs)

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. KAVOOSI ◽  
S. K. ARDESTANI ◽  
A. KARIMINIA
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Cytokine Milieu ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYIn the present study, we show for the first time that lipophosphoglycan (LPG) stimulated cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells is also mediated via Toll-like receptor (TLR2). In addition, in order to verify if TLR2 is involved in recognition of the purified PGs, neutralizing mAbs against TLR2 and TLR4 were used to treat the cells before being stimulated with PGs. We found strong Th1-promoting cytokines induced by sLPG but not by mLPG which was blocked by presence of anti-TLR2 mAb. This finding reveals a mechanism by which the first encounter and recognition ofL. majorpromastigotes by mLPG after interaction with TLR2 provides a cytokine milieu for consequent Th2 differentiation. Moreover, having shown the strong induction of Th1-promoting cytokines and low production of IL-10 in response to sLPG might have vaccine implication since it is recognized by TLR2 providing signals to professional antigen presenting cells that reside in the skin to promote effective T cell responses againstLeishmaniainfection. In addition, it was shown that purified mLPG and sLPG activate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production which is also blocked by anti-TLR2 but not by anti-TLR4. However, no inhibition was seen in PPG-induced cytokine and ROS production in the presence of anti-TLR2 and anti-TLR4, implying involvement of other receptors.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Clenbuterol—β2-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist on the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Proliferation, Phenotype, Functions, and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Race Horses In Vitro

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz ◽  
Rafał Pingwara ◽  
Jarosław Szczepaniak ◽  
Anna Winnicka
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonist ◽  
Race Horses

Clenbuterol, the β2-adrenoceptor agonist, is gaining growing popularity because of its effects on weight loss (i.e., chemical liposuction). It is also popular in bodybuilding and professional sports, due to its effects that are similar to anabolic steroids. However, it is prohibited by anti-doping control. On the other hand, it is suggested that clenbuterol can inhibit the inflammatory process. The cells from 14 untrained and 14 well-trained race horses were collected after acute exercise and cultured with clenbuterol. The expressions of CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD14, MHCII, and CD5 in PBMC, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as cell proliferation, were evaluated by flow cytometry. In addition, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, INF-γ and TNF-α concentrations were evaluated by ELISA. β2-adrenoceptor stimulation leads to enhanced anti-inflammatory properties in well-trained horses, as do low doses in untrained animals. In contrast, higher clenbuterol doses create a pro-inflammatory environment in inexperienced horses. In conclusion, β2-adrenoceptor stimulation leads to a biphasic response. In addition, the immune cells are more sensitive to drug abuse in inexperienced individuals under physical training.

scholarly journals cAMP Activates The generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inhibits The Secretion of IL-6 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Armond Isoni ◽  
Érica Abreu Borges ◽  
Clara Araújo Veloso ◽  
Rafael Teixeira Mattos ◽  
Miriam Martins Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
In Cells

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) have generated higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that were higher than those in cells from healthy individuals. In the presence of a cAMP-elevating agent, ROS production was significantly activated in PBMNC from DM2 patients but it was inhibited in cells from healthy subjects. Higher levels of IL-6 has been detected in the supernatant of PBMNC cultures from DM2 patients in comparison with healthy controls. When cells were cultured in the presence of a cAMP-elevating agent, the level of IL-6 decreased has by 46% in the supernatant of PBMNC from DM2 patients but it remained unaltered in controls. No correlations between ROS and IL-6 levels in PBMNC from DM2 patients or controls have been observed. Secretions of IL-4 or IFN by PBMNC from patients or controls have not been affected by the elevation of cAMP. cAMP elevating agents have activated the production of harmful reactive oxidant down modulated IL-6 secretion by these cells from DM2 patients, suggesting an alteration in the metabolic response possibly due to hyperglicemia. The results suggest that cAMP may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes.

scholarly journals Human Leukocytes KillAspergillus nidulansby Reactive Oxygen Species-Independent Mechanisms

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 767-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie S. V. Henriet ◽  
Peter W. M. Hermans ◽  
Paul E. Verweij ◽  
Elles Simonetti ◽  
Steven M. Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Antifungal Effects

ABSTRACTInvasive aspergillosis is a major threat for patients suffering from chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). AlthoughAspergillus fumigatusis the most commonly encounteredAspergillusspecies, the presence ofA. nidulansappears to be disproportionately high in CGD patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of the NADPH oxidase and the resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) in host defense against fungi and to clarify their relationship towardA. nidulans. Murine CGD alveolar macrophages (AM) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy controls and CGD patients were challenged with eitherA. fumigatusorA. nidulans. Analysis of the antifungal effects of ROS revealed thatA. nidulans, in contrast toA. fumigatus, is not susceptible to ROS. In addition, infection with liveA. nidulansdid not result in any measurable ROS release. Remarkably, human CGD PMN and PBMC and murine CGD AM were at least equipotent at arresting conidial germination compared to healthy controls. Blocking of the NADPH oxidase resulted in significantly reduced damage ofA. fumigatusbut did not affectA. nidulanshyphae. Furthermore, the microbicidal activity of CGD PMN was maintained towardA. nidulansbut notA. fumigatus. In summary, antifungal resistance toA. nidulansis not directly ROS related. The etiology ofA. nidulansinfections in CGD cannot be explained by the simple absence of the direct microbicidal effect of ROS.In vivo, the NADPH oxidase is a critical regulator of innate immunity whose unraveling will improve our understanding of fungal pathogenesis in CGD.

scholarly journals Immune Responsive Gene 1 (IRG1) Promotes Endotoxin Tolerance by Increasing A20 Expression in Macrophages through Reactive Oxygen Species

2013 ◽  
Vol 288 (23) ◽  
pp. 16225-16234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingke Li ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Chengcai Wang ◽  
Chaofeng Han ◽  
Jun Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Endotoxin Tolerance ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Mouse Macrophages ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Responsive Gene

Sepsis-associated immunosuppression (SAIS) is regarded as one of main causes for the death of septic patients at the late stage because of the decreased innate immunity with a more opportunistic infection. LPS-tolerized macrophages, which are re-challenged by LPS after prior exposure to LPS, are regarded as the common model of hypo-responsiveness for SAIS. However, the molecular mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance and SAIS remain to be fully elucidated. In addition, negative regulation of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-triggered innate inflammatory response needs further investigation. Here we show that expression of immune responsive gene 1 (IRG1) was highly up-regulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of septic patients and in LPS-tolerized mouse macrophages. IRG1 significantly suppressed TLR-triggered production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-β in LPS-tolerized macrophages, with the elevated expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and A20. Moreover, ROS enhanced A20 expression by increasing the H3K4me3 modification of histone on the A20 promoter domain, and supplement of the ROS abrogated the IRG1 knockdown function in breaking endotoxin tolerance by increasing A20 expression. Our results demonstrate that inducible IRG1 promotes endotoxin tolerance by increasing A20 expression through ROS, indicating a new molecular mechanism regulating hypoinflammation of sepsis and endotoxin tolerance.

scholarly journals Survival Signaling by C-RAF: Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species and Ca2+ Are Critical Targets

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2304-2313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Julija Smigelskaite ◽  
Christine Doblander ◽  
Manickam Janakiraman ◽  
Martin Hermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Ros ◽  
Survival Signaling ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Survival signaling by RAF occurs through largely unknown mechanisms. Here we provide evidence for the first time that RAF controls cell survival by maintaining permissive levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+. Interleukin-3 (IL-3) withdrawal from 32D cells resulted in ROS production, which was suppressed by activated C-RAF. Oncogenic C-RAF decreased the percentage of apoptotic cells following treatment with staurosporine or the oxidative stress-inducing agent tert-butyl hydroperoxide. However, it was also the case that in parental 32D cells growing in the presence of IL-3, inhibition of RAF signaling resulted in elevated mitochondrial ROS and Ca2+ levels. Cell death is preceded by a ROS-dependent increase in mitochondrial Ca2+, which was absent from cells expressing transforming C-RAF. Prevention of mitochondrial Ca2+ overload after IL-3 deprivation increased cell viability. MEK was essential for the mitochondrial effects of RAF. In summary, our data show that survival control by C-RAF involves controlling ROS production, which otherwise perturbs mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human peripheral blood neutrophils exposedin vitroto static magnetic field

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Poniedziałek ◽  
Piotr Rzymski ◽  
Jacek Karczewski ◽  
Feliks Jaroszyk ◽  
Krzysztof Wiktorowicz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Static Magnetic Field ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Blood Neutrophils

scholarly journals Quinazolin-derived myeloperoxidase inhibitor suppresses influenza A virus-induced reactive oxygen species, pro-inflammatory mediators and improves cell survival

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254632
Author(s):  
Juan A. De La Cruz ◽  
Thota Ganesh ◽  
Becky A. Diebold ◽  
Weiping Cao ◽  
Amelia Hofstetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Tnf Α

Superoxide radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in influenza A virus-induced inflammation. In this in vitro study, we evaluated the effects of TG6-44, a novel quinazolin-derived myeloperoxidase-specific ROS inhibitor, on influenza A virus (A/X31) infection using THP-1 lung monocytic cells and freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). TG6-44 significantly decreased A/X31-induced ROS and virus-induced inflammatory mediators in THP-1 cells (IL-6, IFN-γ, MCP-1, TNF-α, MIP-1β) and in human PBMC (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MCP-1). Interestingly, TG6-44-treated THP-1 cells showed a decrease in percent cells expressing viral nucleoprotein, as well as a delay in translocation of viral nucleoprotein into the nucleus. Furthermore, in influenza A virus-infected cells, TG6-44 treatment led to suppression of virus-induced cell death as evidenced by decreased caspase-3 activation, decreased proportion of Annexin V+PI+ cells, and increased Bcl-2 phosphorylation. Taken together, our results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and anti-infective effects of TG6-44.

Membrane lipid defects are responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vitiligo patients

2009 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lucia Dell'Anna ◽  
Monica Ottaviani ◽  
Barbara Bellei ◽  
Veronica Albanesi ◽  
Andrea Cossarizza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document