HLA antigens and manic-depressive disorders: further evidence of an association

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Shapiro ◽  
Lars P. Ryder ◽  
Arne Svejgaard ◽  
Ole J. Rafaelsen
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Hla Antigens ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Hla Typing ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Histocompatibility System ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Depressive Patients

SynopsisOne hundred and seven unrelated Danish patients considered to be manic-depressive according to strict diagnostic, symptomatic and course criteria were typed for antigens of the HLA system, the major histocompatibility system in man. Preliminary results from the first 47 patients had previously been reported to suggest a positive association between manic-depressive disorders and HLA-A3, HLA-B7, and HLA-Bw16 and a negative association between such disorders and HLA-B8. Results from the extended series provide confirmatory evidence that there is a positive association between manic-depressive disorders and HLA-Bw16 and also strongly suggest a positive association between HLA-B7 and such disorders. HLA typing may prove to be a useful way of identifying sub-groups of manic-depressive patients for other biological studies. The associations described provide a potential lead for formulating hypotheses about the nature of the biological mechanisms which predispose to manic-depressive disorders.

scholarly journals HLA class II antigens and haplotypes associated with susceptibility of leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome

Genetika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vojvodic ◽  
Dusica Ademovic-Sazdanic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Hla Antigens ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Hla Class Ii ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Class Ii Antigens

Genetical and environmental factors play an interactive role in the development of acute and chronic leukemias. HLA antigens have been considered as possible genetic risk factors. The aim of this work was to investigate a possible association between HLA class II polymorphisms and leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome. In the present study we investigated HLA class II antigens, DR/DQ and DR51/DR52/DR53 haplotypes in 100 patients: 7 suffering from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS),37 from acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL),32 from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 24 from chronic myeloid leukemia(CML). A panel of 210 healthy unrelated individuals of the same origin, from Vojvodina, served as controls. HLA phenotyping was performed by two color fluorescence method. In patients suffering from MDS was found a positive association with DR7(RR=2.598,EF=0.175) and DQ7(3)(RR=4.419, EF=0.632), while negative association was found for DR15(2)(RR=0.405, PF=0.172) and DQ6(1) (RR=0.889, PF=0,936).Positive association was found in the group of patients with ALL for DR7(RR=2.391,EF=0.688) and DQ2(RR=1.62, EF=0.15),while negative association was found with DQ5(1)(RR=0.075, PF=0.324). In the group of patients with AML, there were positive associations with DR11(5)(RR=1.732,EF=0.211),DQ2(RR= 1.594, EF=0.151) and DQ7(3) (RR=2.547,EF=0.266),while possible protective antigen was DQ5(1) (RR=0.107,RF=0.701). Higher RR than 1 and EF>0.15, in patients suffering from CML was found for DQ6(1)(RR=1.661,EF=0.232), while negative association was found for DR4 (RR=0.182,PF=0.155).Possible protective haplotype in this study was DR3DQ8(3) for patients suffering from AML(RR=0.007, PF=0.501).The distribution of DR53-DR53 haplotypes showed significant difference in male patients with ALL(6% vs 0.09%), while DR52-DR52 haplotype was significantly less frequent in male patients with CML (4% vs 20.47%) and female patients with MDS (1% vs 18.57%), respectively, in comparison to controls. We deduced that DR7 antigen in male patients with ALL has the greatest impact to the higher frequency of DR53-DR53 haplotype in this type of leukemia. The role of HLA antigens as risk factors for development of leukemias in our population was shown and furthermore it could be useful in clinical practice.

A census study of mental illness in Samsø

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Nielsen ◽  
Jørgen Achton Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Depressive Patients

SynopsisCensus data from the Danish island of Samsø have provided information on all but 20% of the population. Fifty per cent of the population with past or present mental illness had been referred to the psychiatric service during the 18-year-period 1957–74; the proportion varied from 85 % for patients with psychoses (100 % for schizophrenic patients, and 90% for manic-depressive patients) to 43 % with non-psychotic disorders. The frequency of past and present mental illness was 24 %, higher for women with manic-depressive disorders, psychogenic (reactive) psychoses, and neuroses. The possible reasons for these and other findings are discussed.

Parental Characteristics in Relation to Depressive Disorders

1979 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Valid Measure ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Depressive Patients

SummaryUsing a reliable and valid measure of reported parental care and overprotection (the Parental Bonding Instrument) patients with two types of depressive disorder were compared with a control group, and the relationships to depressive experience examined in a non-clinical group as well. Bipolar manic-depressive patients scored like controls whereas neurotic depressives reported less parental care and greater maternal overprotection. Depressive experience in the non-clinical group was negatively associated with low parental care and weakly associated with parental overprotection.

Perceived Overprotection and Its Association With Quality of Life in Dementia

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-134
Author(s):  
Mechthild Niemann-Mirmehdi ◽  
Andreas Häusler ◽  
Paul Gellert ◽  
Johanna Nordheim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Patient Autonomy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract. To date, few studies have focused on perceived overprotection from the perspective of people with dementia (PwD). In the present examination, the association of perceived overprotection in PwD is examined as an autonomy-restricting factor and thus negative for their mental well-being. Cross-sectional data from the prospective DYADEM study of 82 patient/partner dyads (mean age = 74.26) were used to investigate the association between overprotection, perceived stress, depression, and quality of life (QoL). The analyses show that an overprotective contact style with PwD has a significant positive association with stress and depression, and has a negative association with QoL. The results emphasize the importance of avoiding an overprotective care style and supporting patient autonomy.

Domestic Integration and Suicide in the Provinces of Canada

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Marriage Rates ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Social ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Over Time

Canada's rate of suicide varies from province to province. The classical theory of suicide, which attempts to explain the social suicide rate, stems from Durkheim, who argued that low levels of social integration and regulation are associated with high rates of suicide. The present study explored whether social factors (divorce, marriage, and birth rates) do in fact predict suicide rates over time for each province (period studied: 1950-1990). The results showed a positive association between divorce rates and suicide rates, and a negative association between birth rates and suicide rates. Marriage rates showed no consistent association, an anomaly as compared to research from other nations.

RISKS OF ANEMIA DEVELOPMENT IN DONORS ACCORDING TO INHERITED PREDISPOSITION AND REGULARITY OF BLOOD DONATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
I.M. Vorotnikov ◽  
V.A. Razin ◽  
I.M. Lamzin ◽  
M.N. Sokolova ◽  
M.E. Khapman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Hla Antigens ◽  
Hla Typing ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Inherited Predisposition ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Group 1

Anemia is one of the most common complications of blood donation. Thus, the objective of the paper was to assess the risks of anemia development in donors according to the regularity of donation and inherited predisposition. Materials and Methods. The authors carried out a prospective study, which included 241 blood donors, using random sampling and case-control techniques. Depending on blood donation frequency, the donors were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of 122 people (51.5 %) frequently donating blood; Group 2 included 119 people (48. 5 %) rarely donating blood. We studied the initial indicators of a general blood test and the same indicators a year after the first blood donation. Additionally, we performed HLA typing of donors. Statistica v. 8.0 software package (Stat Soft Inc., USA) was used for statistical analysis. To compare two independent samples, we used a nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test and a parametric Student’s t-test (depending on the type of distribution). To assess anemia risks, the odds ratio was calculated. Results. One year after the first blood donation, anemia was diagnosed in 13 people (10.6 %) in Group 1 and in 7 people (5.9 %) in Group 2 (p=0.179). A11 and B7 HLA antigens did not increase anemia risks in group 1 (OS=1.257 (95 % CI 0.318–4.973) and OS=0.240 (95 % CI 0.051–1.134, respectively). HLA-antigens A11 and B7 did not increase anemia risks in Group 1 (OR=1.257 (95 % CI 0.318-4.973) and OR=0.240 (95 % CI 0.051–1.134), respectively). In group 2, antigen-A11 was also an insignificant factor (OS=2.902 (95 % CI 0.606-13.889)) for anemia development. Whereas, antigen-B7 increased anemia risks by 14 times (OS=14.364 (95 % CI 1.644-124.011)). Conclusion. In rare blood donors, it is the genetic factor that plays the main role in anemia development. High prevalence rates of anemia in frequent blood donors are probably determined by other factors. Keywords: anemia, blood donors, HLA typing. Механизмы развития анемий и факторы, их индуцирующие, остаются до конца не изученными. Целью исследования стало изучение риска развития анемии у доноров крови в зависимости от частоты донации и наличия наследственной предрасположенности к развитию анемии. Материалы и методы. Проведено проспективное исследование, выполненное методами случайной выборки и «случай-контроль», в которое вошел 241 донор крови. В зависимости от частоты сдачи доноры были поделены на 2 группы: группу 1 составили 122 чел. (51,5 %), часто сдающие кровь; группу 2 – 119 чел. (48,5 %), редко сдающих кровь. Изучались исходные показатели общего анализа крови и через год от начала донации. Дополнительно проводилось HLA-типирование доноров. Статистический анализ осуществлялся с применением программы Statistica v. 8.0 (Stat Soft Inc., США). Для сравнения двух независимых выборок использовался непараметрический U-критерий Манна–Уитни и параметрический t-критерий Стьюдента (в зависимости от типа распределения). Для оценки риска возникновения анемии рассчитывалось отношение шансов. Результаты. Через год с момента первой сдачи крови в группе 1 выявлено 13 чел. (10,6 %) с анемией, в группе 2 – 7 чел. (5,9 %) (р=0,179). Наличие HLA-антигенов А11 и B7 не повышало риск развития анемии в группе 1 (ОШ=1,257 (95 % ДИ 0,318–4,973) и ОШ=0,240 (95 % ДИ 0,051–1,134 соответственно). В группе 2 наличие гена А11 также являлось незначимым фактором (ОШ=2,902 (95 % ДИ 0,606–13,889), присутствие гена В7 в 14 раз повышало риск развития анемии (ОШ=14,364 (95 % ДИ 1,664–124,011). Выводы. Высокий риск развития анемии у редко сдающих кровь доноров обусловливается генетическими факторами. Высокая распространённость анемии у часто сдающих кровь доноров, вероятно, определяется другими факторами. Ключевые слова: анемия, доноры крови, HLA-типирование.

scholarly journals Can Anhedonia Be Considered a Suicide Risk Factor? A Review of the Literature

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonanni ◽  
Gualtieri ◽  
Lester ◽  
Falcone ◽  
Nardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum

Background and Objectives: At present, data collected from the literature about suicide and anhedonia are controversial. Some studies have shown that low levels of anhedonia are associated with serious suicide attempts and death by suicide, while other studies have shown that high levels of anhedonia are associated with suicide. Materials and Methods: For this review, we searched PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect for clinical studies published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018 with the following search terms used in the title or in the abstract: “anhedonia AND suicid*.” We obtained a total of 155 articles; 133 items were excluded using specific exclusion criteria, the remaining 22 articles included were divided into six groups based on the psychiatric diagnosis: mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other diagnoses, attempted suicides, and others (healthy subjects). Results: The results of this review reveal inconsistencies. Some studies reported that high anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior (regardless of the diagnosis), while other studies found that low anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior, and a few studies reported no association. The most consistent association between anhedonia and suicidal behavior was found for affective disorders (7 of 7 studies reported a significant positive association) and for PTSD (3 of 3 studies reported a positive association). In the two studies of patients with schizophrenia, one found no association, and one found a negative association. For patients who attempted suicide (undiagnosed), one study found a positive association, one a positive association only for depressed attempters, and one a negative association. Conclusions: We found the most consistent positive association for patients with affective disorders and PTSD, indicating that the assessment of anhedonia may be useful in the evaluation of suicidal risk.

scholarly journals Maternal Sociodemographic Factors and Antenatal Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6812
Author(s):  
Maheshwari Andhavarapu ◽  
James Orwa ◽  
Marleen Temmerman ◽  
Joseph Wangira Musana
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Biological Stress ◽  
Antenatal Stress

Antenatal stress has been associated with adverse birth outcomes such as fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, and preterm birth. Understanding key determinants of stress in a vulnerable pregnant population has the potential of informing development of targeted cost-effective interventions to mitigate against these adverse birth outcomes. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from 150 pregnant women attending antenatal care services at a rural referral hospital in Kenya. The participants completed a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and gave a hair sample for cortisol and cortisone analysis. The association between selected sociodemographic predictors (age, parity, marital status, maternal education, household income, polygyny, and intimate partner violence) and outcomes (hair cortisol, hair cortisone, and PSS score) was examined using univariate, bivariate and multivariate models. We found a negative association between PSS scores and household income (β = −2.40, p = 0.016, 95% CI = −4.36, −0.45). There was a positive association of the ratio of hair cortisone to cortisol with Adolescent age group (β = 0.64, p = 0.031, 95% CI = 0.06, 1.22), and a negative association with Cohabitation (β = −1.21, p = 0.009, 95% CI = −2.11, −0.31). We conclude that household income influenced psychological stress in pregnancy. Adolescence and cohabitation may have an influence on biological stress, but the nature of this effect is unclear.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document