Brain Drain within the ECOWAS Region

1985 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
Akin Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Specialized Human Capital ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The Brain

The “Brain Drain” phenomenon has been characterized as the dramatic migration often permanently, of specialized human capital from developing to the technologically advanced countries of the world, particularly to the United States of America and Canada where there are better work facilities, and attractive remunerations for professionals such as physicians, surgeons, engineers, lawyers and others. Apart from these relative economic opportunities, the prevalence of political stability and freedom in the developed countries serves as an attractive force for the lamentable loss of intellectuals and professionals from the developing to the developed nations.

Brain Drain Controversy and African Scholars

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Man Singh Das
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Asian Student ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World

The phenomenon popularly known as brain drain has attracted growing concern in the United States and abroad (Tulsa Daily World, 1967; Committee on Manpower... 1967; Asian Student, 1968a: 3; 1968b: 1; 1969: 3; Institute of Applied Manpower . . . 1968; U. S. Congress, 1968; Gardiner, 1968: 194-202; Bechhofer, 1969: 1-71; Committee on the International Migration . . . 1970). The notion has been expressed that the poor countries of the world are being deprived of their talent and robbed of their human resources by the exchange of scholars and students which goes on between nations (U.S. Congress, 1968: 16-25; Mondale, 1967a: 24-6; 1967b: 67-9). Implicit is the idea that many students from these less developed countries go to the more highly developed and industrialized countries for study and decide not to return to their homeland.

On the Brain Drain of Africans to America: Some Methodological Observations

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo ◽  
Baffour Takyi ◽  
Jesse Mann
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Relative Comparisons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

AbstractRecurring debates about the impact of the brain drain— the developing world's loss of human capital to more developed countries—has motivated estimation of the magnitude of the phenomenon, most recently by the World Bank. Although frequently cited as a key contributor to Africa's wanting development record, what constitutes the "brain-drain" is not always clearly defined. Today, in the absence of an accounting system, resolution of the definitional and measurement question depends on relative comparisons of measurement variants, which will identify definitional shortcomings by clarifying the merits and demerits of these variants, and thereby suggest corrective imputations. This paper compares the World Bank's approach to a chronological precedent (Dodoo 1997) to clarify the value of variant comparisons. The resultant implications for corrections are also discussed.

scholarly journals “Conquering COVID: How Global Vaccine Inequality Risks Prolonging the Pandemic”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L Oehler ◽  
Vivian R Vega
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Vaccine Availability

Abstract The development of effective vaccines during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been credited as a towering achievement in modern science. Since the end of 2020, the vaccine rollout has offered the promise of vanquishing the pandemic in the United States and other developed countries. Even as the U.S. and other wealthier nations encounter both setbacks and successes in their COVID-19 eradication efforts, developing countries around the world are likely to face far less fortunate fates. With much of the world’s vaccine production and distribution capacity reserved by wealthier nations, impoverished countries stand to face devastating financial, social, and health-related impacts. The consequences of this disparity will resonate deeply into the collective fabric of these countries, ensuring that the economic and geopolitical imbalance between developed and developing nations will widen even more substantially. Wealthier countries must do more to eliminate the inequality that exists in widespread SARS-CoV-2 vaccine availability in less-developed nations. Like HIV, TB, Malaria, and other global epidemics, COVID-19 cannot be forgotten just because the pandemic is eventually contained from the shores of wealthier nations. For as long as the pandemic rages in any corner of the globe, the world will never be truly rid of COVID-19. And all nations, rich or poor, will suffer the consequences.

Chronicles of the Doha Wars: The Battle of Nairobi – Appraisal of the Tenth WTO Ministerial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Mihir Kanade
Keyword(s):  
United States Of America ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Trade Organisation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Director General ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
The World ◽  
African Soil

When Kenya’s President, Uhuru Kenyatta, opened the first ever World Trade Organisation (WTO) Ministerial Conference to be held on African soil, he knew that the Doha Development Agenda (DDA)1 ceremoniously agreed upon in 2001, and of which his country had been an ardent promoter, would be put under the guillotine. So much was made abundantly clear by Michael Froman, the United States of America Trade Representative (USTR), in an op-ed published in the Financial Times just two days prior to the Conference. Froman argued that "Doha was designed in a different era, for a different era, and much has changed since", and that "it is time for the world to free itself of the strictures of Doha’, before concluding presciently that ‘Nairobi will mark the end of an era".  The Conference of 2015 closed with a Ministerial Declaration and the ‘Nairobi Package’ comprising a series of six Ministerial Decisions on agriculture, cotton and issues related to least developed countries (LDCs). WTO’s Director-General, Roberto Azevêdo, concluded with optimism that, similar to two years ago in Bali, the WTO had once again delivered ‘major, multilaterally-negotiated outcomes’ at Nairobi. All these things will be analyzed in the following lines. 

THE BRAIN DRAIN TOWARDS THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Sáncuez‐Arnau ◽  
Elba Hermida Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Brain

The Growth of the Engineering Profession: Statistics and Conjecture

1972 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Kastner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western World ◽  
Engineering Profession ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Manpower Needs

The Engineering Profession in the developed countries has greatly increased in numerical strength in recent years but the future pattern is not clear and forecasts of manpower needs in industry are unreliable. Nevertheless, statistics indicate that the United States has, relative to the industrial population as a whole, a clear advantage in technological manpower in the Western World though Russia may, perhaps, be even stronger. The difficulty of evaluating the evidence is stressed. In the world as a whole international co-operation tends to reduce the inequalities of distribution but an enormous task lies before the developing countries which need to produce and retain many more engineers.

Modernization for Emigration

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Portes ◽  
Adreain A. Ross
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
Skilled Personnel ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The Brain

The problem of the brain drain—movement of highly skilled personnel across national borders—has been an object of increasing concern during the last two decades. International agencies, especially those linked with the United Nations, have seized the subject as one of the clearest manifestations of international imbalances in favor of the developed’ countries (United Nations, 1971; Kidd, 1967).It is clear, despite variations across countries, that loss of professionals represents a significant cost for many nations, especially less developed ones. Recent data from three widely different countries may be used to illustrate such costs: from 1955 to 1968 Colombia lost 20,506 professionals to the United States; at an estimated cost of U.S. $8,000 for the training of each individual, Colombia made a contribution to the “development” of the United States of $164,048,000 during the period.

scholarly journals KAJIAN DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN UNITED STATES GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCE (US-GSP) 2015 TERHADAP EKSPOR PRODUK PERIKANAN INDONESIA KE USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Rikrik Rahadian ◽  
Tajerin Tajerin ◽  
Zahri Nasution
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Generalized System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Developed Countries

Sejak pertamakali diperkenalkan pada tahun 1970-an, Generalized System of Preference (GSP) telah diterapkan oleh negara-negara maju seperti United States of America (USA), Jepang dan European Union (EU). Meskipun bertujuan serupa, yaitu mendorong serta memfasilitasi perdagangan bagi negara-negara berkembang, namun pada penerapannya di masing-masing negara terdapat perbedaan pengaturan GSP – terutama terkait perihal daftar beneficiaries serta produk yang memperoleh fasilitas GSP. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kebijakan US-GSP 2015 serta menganalisis besaran dampak kebijakan tersebut terhadap ekspor produk Kelautan dan Perikanan (KP) Indonesia di pasar ekspor USA. Untuk memperoleh informasi tersebut, maka dipergunakan model SMART yang dikembangkan oleh World Integrated Trade Solutions (WITS) untuk mengolah data perdagangan di USA pada tahun 2014, yang diperoleh dari database TRAIN-UNCTAD. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa rejim terkini GSP di USA (2015), jika dimanfaatkan, akan dapat mendorong peningkatan ekspor produk perikanan Indonesia ke USA, terutama untuk komoditas olahan. Ever since it was introduced in the 70’s, the Generalized System of Preference (GSP) has been adopted and implemented by the developed countries such as United States of America (USA), Japan and the European Union (EU). Despite its similar purpose, which is to encourage as well as facilitate trade for the developing countries, its implementations in each adopting country have been very customized – especially concerning the beneficiary list and GSP product list. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of US-GSP 2015 implementation towards Indonesian Fisheries Export to the USA. The research was conducted using a SMART model – an economic model developed by the World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) – to simulate the impacts of the trade policy using the TRAIN-UNCTAD database. The simulation showed that the latest US-GSP regime, if completely utilized by the Indonesian Exporters, could actually boost Indonesian Fisheries Exports to the USA, especially for the fish processing products. 

scholarly journals The Economic Implications of a Complete Free Trade and an Alternative Form of Free Trade in Sugar Through 1980

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-358
Author(s):  
M. Raquibuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

In recent years, it has been emphasized by many economists that the less developed countries cannot achieve self-sustaining economic growth unless they are given fair opportunities to sell their exportables in the world market. It is argued that the less developed countries are losing potential investment resources as a result of trade restrictions imposed by the developed countries on primary commodities. Sugar provides an example of a commodity whose free entry into world trade has been restricted by the United States and most of the developed countries of Europe. Sugar is the principle earner of foreign exchange for many developing countries. A decrease in the quantity of exports or a fall in the price has an important impact on the overall development of their economies. In recent years, the world production of centrifugal sugar has ranged between 64 and 66 million metric tons of raw sugar. Of this total production, Europe's share ranged from 23 to 24 million tons, or approximately 36 per cent. The United States, including Hawaii, produced approximately 5 million tons. Thus, nearly 50 per cent of world sugar production comes from the developed countries.

Canadian Involvement in the Brain Drain from Africa: Opportunities for Action

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Michael Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Third World ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Western Country ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Nation ◽  
The Brain

The phenomenon known as the “brain drain” refers to the permanent or long-term migration of educated or skilled individuals from one country to another, usually from a poor Third World nation to an industrialized Western country. However, it also describes the migration of such persons between developed countries, such as from Canada to the United States and within countries, notably from impoverished rural areas to urban areas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document