scholarly journals The Situation of Light Pollution in Germany

2001 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 142-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hänel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Central European ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
The Public ◽  
European Climate ◽  
Exchange Information

The central European climate in Germany is not ideal for serious astronomical observations. Increasing light pollution hampers thousands of amateur astronomers and millions of people from seeing starry skies and the Milky Way.To study the sources of light pollution, we estimate the increase of light pollution in Osnabrück, a town of about 160,000 inhabitants located in northwestern Germany. We try to extrapolate these statistical data to Germany and discuss possible reasons for increasing light pollution though the energy consumption stagnates. Some enthusiasts of the German amateur association “Vereinigung der Sternfreunde” have formed a working group DARK SKY to exchange information on this matter. Finally, we present some activities to make the public aware of the problem.

Chinese tourists - are they an opportunity for the Slovene and Croatian tourist industry?

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
Andrej Raspor ◽  
Tanja Kobal ◽  
Blaž Rodič
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Public ◽  
Chinese Tourists ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of this article is to determine the opportunities related to increase in the number of Chinese tourists travelling abroad, particularly for Slovenia and Croatia. Research was conducted by studying the current publications, gathering and researching empirical statistical data and examination of case studies. Article presents the results of one of the first systematic scientific researches on this topic in the region. The appeal of Slovenia as a desirable destination has intensified after becoming a member of the Schengen Zone. Croatia, however, will become even more attractive after joining the EU. However, it is necessary to introduce certain improvements to the public administration procedures and logistics. Within their region, both Slovenia and Croatia have (1) rich and distinctive cultural heritage, (2) well-developed gaming and shopping tourism, (3) good logistical links with China and other Central European countries. Cooperation between these two countries in entering the Chinese market would increase the impact and reduce the marketing and transport costs.

THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE PUBLIC EDUCATION OF THE SURKHAN OASIS(ON EXAMPLE IN THEYEARS OF INDEPENDENCE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Sabohat B. Radjabova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of Women

It is scientifically analyzed information about the activity of women in the education system of Surkhandarya region in the period of independence years and their achievements in this field through statistical data with examples over the years in this article. It is emphasized that the state pays attention to the work activities of selfless women, who have been awarded many medals and medals in this region, such as the Medal of “Shukhrat”, the Order of “Saglom avlod uchun”, the title of "Xalk ta`limi a`lochisi", is also mentioned separately

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Cargo Flows on Branches VB and VC of the Pan-European Corridor V

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Poletan Jugović ◽  
Natalija Jolić ◽  
Zvonko Kavran
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Central European ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Growth Structure ◽  
European Area ◽  
Transit Market ◽  
The Republic

Pan-European Corridor V that passes through the territory of the Republic of Croatia, i.e. Branches VB (Rijeka-Zagreb-Budapest) i VC (Budapest-Osijek-Sarajevo-Ploče) are of extreme importance for the traffic and economic system of the Republic of Croatia and the wider European area. Taking this into consideration, this study has analysed the relevant indicators of the traffic growth, structure and dynamics of the cargo flows on the Branches VB and VC of the Pan-European Corridor V. The cargo flows, as important elements of the traffic demand have been analysed regarding the presence of competition of alternative North-Adriatic and North-European traffic routes as important element of competitive environment in fighting to attract valuable transit market of Central Europe. Based on a detailed analysis of concrete statistical data, significant conclusions are derived about: quantity, dynamics and structure of the cargo flows, current traffic demand, competitiveness of corridors on Central European transit market, expected traffic demand, and conclusions about factors and circumstances that would positively, i.e. negatively affect the growth of cargo flows, and thus also the valorisation of the analysed Branches VB and VC of the Pan-European Corridor V within the European environment. KEY WORDS: Pan-European Corridor V, branches VB and VC, cargo flows, intensity, structure, dynamics, traffic demand

Strategic tourism marketing of C.E.I. countries - basic framework

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vinka Cetinski ◽  
Sanda Weber
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Working Group ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Central European ◽  
Tourism Marketing ◽  
Regional Association ◽  
Basic Framework ◽  
Survey Results

Political changes in Europe at the end of the 80's have resulted in the establishment of the Central European Initiative as an international regional association. Interests in cooperation in the field of tourism can be explained by the fact that the majority of Central European countries have significant cultural, historical and natural resources which are not sufficiently used. The Working Group for Tourism, which has been led by Croatia since 1993, made a decision to conduct research with the main aim of determining basic tourism indicators as a basis for developing a common tourism marketing strategy. This paper presents the research methodology and discusses the main survey results.

Statistical Data and Metadata Quality Assessment

2008 ◽  
pp. 604-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vardaki ◽  
Haralambos Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
International Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Metadata Quality ◽  
Quality Dimensions ◽  
Statistics Canada

Quality was defined in the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 8402-1986 standard as “the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs,” which slightly changed in ISO updates. However, regarding quality in statistics, “stated or implied needs” are mainly identified by considering several quality dimensions, criteria, or components for the collection, processing, and dissemination of statistical information for the public (see, for example, Eurostat, 2002a, 2002b; Office of Management and Budget [OMB], 2002; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2003; Statistics Canada, 2003; Statistics Finland, 2002).

Projekt Musterpolizeigesetz - eine Stellungnahme

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
Markus Möstl
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Borderline Case ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The Public ◽  
Police Powers ◽  
Legislative Activities ◽  
Academic Debate

In Germany, the competence to legislate on the powers of the police, as far as the prevention of threats to the public security and not the investigation and prosecution of criminal offences is concerned, lies with the Länder. A working group of representatives of the Länder and the federal state is currently drafting a new model Police Act for Germany, i. e. template legislation that will become an important point of reference for the legislative activities of the Länder. This article examines the merits of this project and comments on some decisions the working group has already taken. It argues that it cannot be the aim of the project to try to achieve full uniformity of police law in Germany. The decision of the German consitution to entrust the Länder (and not the federal state) with police powers should not be undermined. The real purpose of the project should be to reach a consensus on some basic dogmatic notions of police law. It shows that there is currently a great amount of dogmatic uncertainty which could be clarified by the project. The aim of the working group, which is to set out police powers within and at the limits of the constitution, raises the question whether the constitutional limits of police law have been drawn too tightly by the constitutional court and by academic debate. It is highly unusual that an area of the law is so heavily determinded by constitutional law as is the case with police law in Germany. A main focus of the article deals with the question of whether the new Act should embrace the notion of “drohende Gefahr” (impending danger), which was considered by the constitutional court and recently introduced by the Bavarian legislator. Normally preventive police powers are linked to the precondition that the police can demonstrate a “konkrete Gefahr” (a concrete danger, i. e. a sufficient likelihood) of a threat to public security. “Drohende Gefahr” (impending danger) means, that there is indeed a sufficient likelihood of such a threat but one cannot foresee yet when, where and how exactly the threat will materialise. The article shows that “drohende Gefahr” is nothing new in essence, but just a borderline case of “konkrete Gefahr” which is now defined in a more precise manner. Finally the suggestions for detention powers of the police are analysed.

scholarly journals Light Pollution: Education of Students, Teachers and the Public

2001 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Percy
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Know How ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
Effective Education

The preservation of the astronomical environment is intimately connected to society's understanding and appreciation of astronomy. This requires effective education of students, teachers and the general public. We know how this can be done. It remains for us to become education-active and to convince our colleagues and students to do likewise.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document