scholarly journals A Framework for Food and Agricultural Policy in the 1980s

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Food And Agricultural Policy ◽  
Political Realities

The thesis of this article is that food and agricultural policy in the 1980s will be shaped by emerging economic, social, and political realities that are different from the realities which gave rise to policies and programs of the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s and which, modified, continued through the 1970s. The characteristics of this new policy environment include: –A changed economic structure and character of United States agriculture, and thus a changed constituency with changed policy needs.–The internationalization of U.S. agriculture with its favorable and unfavorable implications, but which imposes certain constraints and disciplines on domestic agricultural and food policy.–The prospect of a new supply and demand “equilibrium” and the end of 60 years of adjustment to supply growing faster than demand.–The new, broadened context within which agricultural policies and programs must be considered.

scholarly journals Food and Agricultural Policy: The Challenges Ahead

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Kirit S Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Buffer Stock ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Water Power ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agricultural Policy

Indian agriculture has made significant progress since independence. The produc - tion of foodgrains, oilseeds, sugarcane, cotton, and milk has increased four-fold since 1950-51. Yet, millions of Indians remain undernourished while, at the same time, more than 25 million tonne of foodgrains remain in the buffer-stock. The persistence of hunger amidst abundance is the result of inadequate purchasing power with the hungry. Agricultural policies alone cannot provide for food security. The main policy dilemma has been to provide farmers incentives to -grow more through remunerative prices and at the same time keep the food prices low enough for the consumers. This has been sought to be achieved through a policy of low output prices and low prices for agricultural inputs of water, power, and fertilizers through subsidies. This policy is no longer tenable and we need to change our agricultural policies. This paper suggests a set of policies which would make Indian agriculture productive, vigorous, and competitive, able to not only face the challenges of global markets but thrive from it.

The Outlook for World Meat Supply and Demand

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Loek Boonekamp
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Us ◽  
Food And Agricultural Policy ◽  
Broad Outline

This paper presents a medium-term outlook for world meat supply and demand. Following a broad outline of likely developments in production and consumption of all meats, the focus engages on the outlook for world beef markets over the five-year period from 1997. The projections presented in this paper are based largely on those published by the OECD. So far as non-OECD countries are concerned, the main sources of information have been the Economic Research Service of the US Department for Agriculture and the Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute of the Universities of Iowa State and Missouri, Columbia.

scholarly journals 1977 Food and Agricultural Policy: Impact on Consumers

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
Robert O. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Policy Impact ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
The Real ◽  
Nutritious Food ◽  
Food And Agricultural Policy

The interests of American consumers in our food policy can be set forth rather simply. Consumers are concerned about ensuring adequate supplies of safe and nutritious food at reasonable prices. The real problem, of course, is finding policies which can lead toward these goals, and enacting them.

scholarly journals Toward a Development Policy for Rural America: Discussion

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-99
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Rural America ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Rural Development Policy ◽  
Rural Policy

The issue of a rural policy—whether or not we have one, what one should look like, should we have one—has been discussed more specifically in the mid-1980s. This is a result of the general economic crisis that has affected rural areas, and the realization that agricultural policy has only a limited impact. Professor Barkley has provided us with a valuable and interesting context within which to examine the need for and content of a rural development policy. His paper should force us to raise such questions as:1.Have the ways we dealt with rural problems, i.e., our rural policy, changed in any substantial way?2.Have we had any successes, and substantially affected rural problems?3.Or, do we continue to propose the same solutions to the same problems?

Solar Corona Investigation by the Coronal Line Photometer at Lomnický Peak

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 431-434
Author(s):  
M. Minarovjech ◽  
M. Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
High Time ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Coronal Line ◽  
Global Cycle

AbstractThis paper deals with a possibility to use the ground-based method of observation in order to solve basic problems connected with the solar corona research. Namely:1.heating of the solar corona2.course of the global cycle in the corona3.rotation of the solar corona and development of active regions.There is stressed a possibility of high-time resolution of the coronal line photometer at Lomnický Peak coronal station, and use of the latter to obtain crucial observations.

The LDE-Type Flare Occurrence (1969-1993)

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 279-282
Author(s):  
A. Antalová
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fourier Analysis ◽  
Sunspot Cycle ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Cycle Maximum ◽  
Flare Index

AbstractThe occurrence of LDE-type flares in the last three cycles has been investigated. The Fourier analysis spectrum was calculated for the time series of the LDE-type flare occurrence during the 20-th, the 21-st and the rising part of the 22-nd cycle. LDE-type flares (Long Duration Events in SXR) are associated with the interplanetary protons (SEP and STIP as well), energized coronal archs and radio type IV emission. Generally, in all the cycles considered, LDE-type flares mainly originated during a 6-year interval of the respective cycle (2 years before and 4 years after the sunspot cycle maximum). The following significant periodicities were found:• in the 20-th cycle: 1.4, 2.1, 2.9, 4.0, 10.7 and 54.2 of month,• in the 21-st cycle: 1.2, 1.6, 2.8, 4.9, 7.8 and 44.5 of month,• in the 22-nd cycle, till March 1992: 1.4, 1.8, 2.4, 7.2, 8.7, 11.8 and 29.1 of month,• in all interval (1969-1992):a)the longer periodicities: 232.1, 121.1 (the dominant at 10.1 of year), 80.7, 61.9 and 25.6 of month,b)the shorter periodicities: 4.7, 5.0, 6.8, 7.9, 9.1, 15.8 and 20.4 of month.Fourier analysis of the LDE-type flare index (FI) yields significant peaks at 2.3 - 2.9 months and 4.2 - 4.9 months. These short periodicities correspond remarkably in the all three last solar cycles. The larger periodicities are different in respective cycles.

Discussion following the presentation by F. Deubner

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Keyword(s):  
List Type ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Harmonic Motion ◽  
Locally Excited ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Coherent Wave ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Global Modes

The discussion was separated into 3 different topics according to the separation made by the reviewer between the different periods of waves observed in the sun :1) global modes (long period oscillations) with predominantly radial harmonic motion.2) modes with large coherent - wave systems but not necessarily global excitation (300 s oscillation).3) locally excited - short period waves.

Prominences and Solar Activity

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 357-372
Author(s):  
Z. Švestka
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Flare Loops ◽  
Filament Activation

The following subjects were discussed:(1)Filament activation(2)Post-flare loops.(3)Surges and sprays.(4)Coronal transients.(5)Disk vs. limb observations.(6)Solar cycle variations of prominence occurrence.(7)Active prominences patrol service.Of all these items, (1) and (2) were discussed in most detail and we also pay most attention to them in this report. Items (3) and (4) did not bring anything new when compared with the earlier invited presentations given by RUST and ZIRIN and therefore, we omit them.

A New System For Optomanual Semiautomatic Quantitative Image Analysis

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
H.P. Rohr
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Point Counting ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Point Density ◽  
Electronic Counting

Today, in image analysis the broadest possible rationalization and economization have become desirable. Basically, there are two approaches for image analysis: The image analysis through the so-called scanning methods which are usually performed without the human eye and the systems of optical semiautomatic analysis completely relying on the human eye.The new MOP AM 01 opto-manual system (fig.) represents one of the very promising approaches in this field. The instrument consists of an electronic counting and storing unit, which incorporates a microprocessor and a keyboard for choice of measuring parameters, well designed for easy use.Using the MOP AM 01 there are three possibilities of image analysis:the manual point counting,the opto-manual point counting andthe measurement of absolute areas and/or length (size distribution analysis included).To determine a point density for the calculation of the corresponding volume density the intercepts lying within the structure are scanned with the light pen.

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