The Construction of Meaning in Old Age: Possibilities and Constraints

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freya Dittmann-Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sentence Completion ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Positive Meaning ◽  
Specific Meaning

ABSTRACTHistorically, ageing processes have often been perceived as growing constraints to a good life, but proposals for a reorganization of positive meanings also date back at least to Roman times. In order to study age-related reorganization of meaning, self-descriptive statements of 300 young and 300 elderly adults were collected with a sentence completion test. A coding scheme was used to identify age-specific meaning patterns.In contrast to young adults, elderly people completed problem- and future-oriented sentence stems significantly more often by referring to negative aspects of their own ageing process. Nevertheless, their answers to self-referent sentence stems showed that they used significantly more positive and fewer negative or ambivalent statements about self and life. The analysis of the overall patterns of cognitions in both age groups suggested that, within the existential constraints of old age, positive meaning is created by elderly people through various cognitive-affective strategies. For instance, instead of maintaining high expectations for life realization and self-development, the elderly change their standards, becoming more self-accepting and value more highly what is already given and still available. Conclusions are drawn about life-span development and modifiability of meaning.

scholarly journals Prevalence of recurrent stroke in different age groups

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
O.A. Klochikhina ◽  
◽  
V.V. Shprakh ◽  
L.V. Stakhovskaya ◽  
E.A. Polunina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Federal Program ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Recurrent Strokes

The aim of the research is to study and to analyze the prevalence of recurrent strokes in the Russian regions included in Federal program from 2009 to 2016 on reorganization of care for patients with stroke in different age groups. Material and methods. The research method is territory and population register. The study included seven territories with 7124 of cases of recurrent stroke in total. The examined patients were divided into four age groups: of young age - 25-44 years old; of average age - 45-59 years old; of old age - 60-74 years old, and of senile - 75 years and older. Statistical analysis was carried out using programming language for statistical calculations R version 3.3.2. Results. The maximum number of recurrent stroke cases was registered in old age (46.6%), and the minimum number of cases of recurrent stroke was among young people (2.4%). When analyzing the incidence of recurrent strokes, depending on the year, the most systematic percentage decrease of recurrent strokes was observed among elderly people. The highest percentage of recurrent strokes was determined among the elderly people in 2013 - 26.38%; and the lowest percentage of recurrent strokes was recorded among young people. Conclusion. Among the surveyed age groups statistically significant decrease in recurrent strokes among young, middle-aged and elderly people was revealed during 2009 - 2016. It is the criterion for the effectiveness of recurrent stroke prevention conducted in the studied areas. There was no statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of recurrent stroke among elderly people by 2016. It indicates that the prevention of recurrent strokes in old age is a difficult task due to concomitant diseases and associated pathology in these patients.

scholarly journals Envejecimiento activo: un cambio de paradigma sobre el envejecimiento y la vejez / Active Aging: a change of paradigm on aging and old age

Aula Abierta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.ª Rosario Limón Mendizabal
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
The Common ◽  
Aging Health ◽  
Health Objectives ◽  
Los Grupos

RESUMENEl envejecimiento activo, donde está presente el concepto de educación y aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida, va dirigido a todos los grupos de edad, especialmente a las personas mayores. Éste representa, aborda y nos descubre valores sociales necesarios en la actualidad: autonomía, participación, solidaridad intergeneracional, convivencia, tolerancia, ciudadanía, diálogo... Con el envejecimiento activo, se buscan no solo objetivos de salud sino también objetivos sociales de independencia, de movilidad en el sentido más amplio de la palabra, de facilitar la posibilidad de desarrollar programas y trabajos que, constituyan una continuidad con lo que ha sido la vida previa de cada uno y contribuyan al bien común. Mientras para algunos supone una continuidad de lo que ha sido la vida previa, para otros será un inicio. La persona mayor debe proponérselo, pero la sociedad en su conjunto debe facilitar su realización. Sin duda, el empoderamiento y aprendizajes en la vejez conforman una herramienta para ello. En los últimos años, y dentro del marco de una sociedad inclusiva y longeva, se está teniendo en cuenta el envejecimiento no sólo de la población en general, sino el envejecimiento de las personas con discapacidad. Hoy día, la discapacidad no significa minoría de edad permanente.Palabras Clave: Aprendizaje Permanente, Envejecimiento Activo, Empoderamiento, Personas Mayores, Discapacidad.ABSTRACTActive aging in which the concept of education and learning is presented throughout life, and is aimed at all age groups, especially the elderly people. This represents, addresses and shows social values needed today: autonomy, participation, intergenerational solidarity, coexistence, tolerance, citizenship, dialogue ... With active aging, health objectives are sought as well as social goals of independence, mobility in the broadest sense of the word, to facilitate the possibility of developing work programs and constitute a continuity with what has been the previous life of each and serve the common benefit. While for some this is a continuation of what has been a previous life, for others it will be a start. The elderly people should propose it, but society would have to facilitate its implementation. Certainly, empowerment and learning in the old age are a tool for this. In recent years, and within the framework of an inclusive and long-lived society, we are taking into account the aging not only of the population in general, but also the aging of people with disabilities. Today, disability does not mean a permanent minority.Keywords: Lifelong Learning, Active Ageing, Empowerment, Elderly people, Disability.

An Attitudinal Assessment of Perceived Intergenerational Affinities Linking Adolescence and Old Age

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary A. Luszcz
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Old People ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Age Related

Attitudes toward the elderly were considered in a life-span context relative to adolescents and the middle-aged. These groups were chosen based on theorized commonalities linking adolescents and the elderly in contrast to the middle-aged. Undergraduate students used a semantic differential to rate the extent to which adjectives corresponded to their conceptions of ideal, real, and typical adolescents, middle-aged, and elderly people. Four subscales of Autonomy, Instrumentality, Acceptability, and Integration were assessed. When students considered their ideal conceptions of each age group, no age-related differences were evidenced on any dimensions. Further, across age, typical individuals were considered to be less acceptable and less well-integrated than people known by students. However, autonomy and instrumentality varied with age as well as the type of individuals being rated. Typical old people as well as old people known to students were viewed to be less instrumental than adolescents. These elderly people were also viewed as less instrumental than real but not typical middle-aged people. Adolescents and the elderly alike were seen as less autonomous than real or typical middle-aged people. Results were discussed in terms of Chellam's notion of symmetry that suggests that balance, likeness, and oppositeness each characterize relations among adolescents, the middle-aged, and the elderly.

Concrete and Formal Operational thought Processes in Young Adulthood and Old Age

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Clayton ◽  
Willis F. Overton
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Thought Processes ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Concrete Operational ◽  
Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence

A study was conducted to examine the role of concrete and formal operations in a young and old population. In addition, the present study explored the relation between operational thought and Cattell's concept of fluid and crystallized intelligence, as well as the role of differential living arrangements in maintaining operational thought. Eighty females from three age groups (18–20 years, 60–70 years and 70–80 years of age) were tested on a series of Piagetian tasks and indices of fluid and crystallized intelligence. The findings supported the notion that age-related performance differences occur in the area of formal operational thought prior to the time they occur in concrete operational thought. Except for the young sample, the operational tasks were found to be unrelated to fluid intelligence at the age levels represented in this study. Living independently as opposed to living in an old age home did not appear to be a significant factor in maintaining operational thought. Discussion focused on the necessity of identifying those factors which influence the developmental course of formal operational thought across the life span.

Optimizing Antiepileptic Drug Therapy in the Elderly

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1852-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R Garnett
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epilepsy In The Elderly ◽  
Clonic Seizures

OBJECTIVE To review and evaluate the medical literature concerning antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy in elderly patients. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search (1982–December 2004) was conducted. Bibliographies of the articles identified were also reviewed, and an Internet search engine was used to identify additional pertinent references. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Clinical studies and reviews were evaluated, and relevant information was included. DATA SYNTHESIS The elderly have the highest incidence of seizures among all age groups. Complex partial seizures are the most common, followed by primary generalized tonic–clonic seizures. An accurate diagnosis may prove difficult because of a low suspicion of epilepsy in the elderly and other diseases that may mimic seizures. Most AEDs are approved for treatment of elderly patients who have partial and tonic–clonic seizures. However, a number of age-related variables should be addressed when selecting an appropriate AED. Age-dependent differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of AEDs must be taken into account. Drug–drug interactions must be considered since elderly people often take multiple medications. The ultimate factor that often determines AED selection is tolerability. CONCLUSIONS Numerous factors must be considered in treating elderly patients for seizures, but maximizing the ability of patients to tolerate drug therapy is often the basis for AED selection. Special consideration should be made along several lines, including elderly patients’ cognitive functioning and their tendency to respond to lower AED concentrations.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Depresi pada Lansia Pensiunan di Kecamatan Jekan Raya Kota Palangka Raya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Syam'ani Syam'ani
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Day By Day

The population of the population in the world is increasing day by day. One of the age groups that have a significant increase in the elderly group. Projections and data found about the elderly are a concern that is of interest to the whole world because along with the increase in population it is accompanied by physical and psychological problems that accompany it. This study aims to identify factors that affect depression in retired elderly people. The design used in this study uses a research design: "CROSS-SECTIONAL". In this study, the population is elderly retirees who live in the area of Jekan Raya Subdistrict, Palangka Raya City. The sampling technique in this study uses consecutive sampling technique, which is the best type of non-probability sampling, that is, all objects that come sequentially and meet the selection criteria are included in the study until the number of subjects needed is fulfilled, namely as many as 100 people. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between sex (p: 0.671), employment status (p: 0.994), marital status (p: 0.726), education (p: 0.988), and the level of depression in retired civil servants in Jekan Subdistrict Raya Kota Palangka Raya. This research is expected to contribute positively to the management of elderly people with depression so that they are able to adapt to changes that occur due to the aging process.

scholarly journals Age-related mortality in 61,993 confirmed COVID-19 cases over three epidemic waves in Aragon, Spain. Implications for vaccination programmes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261061
Author(s):  
Diego Casas-Deza ◽  
Vanesa Bernal-Monterde ◽  
Angel Nicolás Aranda-Alonso ◽  
Enrique Montil-Miguel ◽  
Ana Belen Julián-Gomara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Age Related

Background Risk for severe COVID-19 increases with age. Different vaccination strategies are currently being considered, including those aimed at slowing down transmission and those aimed at providing direct protection to those most at risk. Methods The objectives of the current study were i) to assess age-related incidence and survival between PCR-diagnosed COVID-19 cases (n = 61,993) in the Autonomous Community of Aragon from March to November 2020, and ii) to characterize age differences regarding the course of the disease in hospitalized patients in a tertiary university hospital. Results We found a similar incidence of COVID-19 in individuals between 10 and 79 years. Incidence increased in those over 80 years possibly because of the elevated transmission within the nursing homes. We observed a profound disparity among age groups; case fatality rates (CFRs) were near 0 in cases younger than 39 years throughout different waves. In contrast, there was an age-dependent and progressive increase in the CFRs, especially during the first pandemic wave. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused a more severe and rapid progression in older patients. The elderly required faster hospitalization, presented more serious symptoms on admission, and had a worse clinical course. Hospitalized older individuals, even without comorbidities, had an increased mortality risk directly associated with their age. Lastly, the existence of comorbidities dramatically increased the CFRs in the elderly, especially in males. Conclusion The elevated incidence of COVID-19 and the vulnerability of the elderly call for their prioritization in vaccination and targeted prevention measures specifically focused on this aged population.

scholarly journals "It Is Not Good For Man To Be Alone" The Struggle against Loneliness in Old Age: Basic Assumptions for an Integrative Operational Concept –The Israeli Case

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Avi Bitzur ◽  
Eran Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
Limited Scale ◽  
Operational Concept

The widespread expression saying that "loneliness is the No. 1 enemy of old age" has, in the 21st century, becomes obvious and banal now that suicide rates among the elderly in many countries and in Israel, the case study for this paper, is higher than among other age groups in those countries.Loneliness itself, its ramifications, consequences, and implications on the lives of the elderly have made it a dominant factor in terms of its potential damage.Old age and loneliness have been the subjects of many different definitions, studies and theories, but despite the quantity and quality of these attempts worldwide, and particularly in Israeli research, there is a conspicuous lack of any comprehensive plan that would address the implications and destructive effects of the loneliness experienced by the elderly. Many limited-scale programs exist on a local level, but they fail to address the clear need to eradicate menacing loneliness.The authors of this essay plan to outline basic principles for designing an operational concept for a national plan to combat the consequences and effects of depression among the elderly, using Israel as an example.This paper will begin with a review of the definitions and literature on the phenomenon of depression, and a review of the literature dealing with the unhealthy connection between old age and depression. We will then review various programs worldwide that deal with the phenomenon of loneliness and old age; continue to present data on the effects of loneliness on elderly Israelis; present various Israeli programs and projects that attempt to deal with this phenomenon; and conclude by detailing the proposed principles for a comprehensive operational approach that maps out this painful phenomenon in Israel and proposes a plan of action on how to best deal with it.

scholarly journals Perkawinan Lansia di Kecamatan Socah Kabupaten Bangkalan Perspektif Maqasid Al-Shari’ah

AL-HUKAMA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-506
Author(s):  
Roisul Umam Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Old Maid

This is a field research that analyzes the marriage suitability of elderly people in Socah, Bangkalan under the theory of maqasid shari'ah. The elderly marriage is officially conducted at KUA (Religious Affairs Office) of Socah for different reasons, namely: on the basis of coercion to the bride so that the family relationship does not break up, resulting in reluctance, on the basis of family compassion and encouragement. It is because the bride is an old maid and is his own niece on the basis of mutual love, avoid immorality and seek peace of life in old age. All couples can fulfill both material and non-material obligations, although not as perfect as a young couple. Some husbands do not want to have children for fear of not being able to support even though in this case the wife really wants it. Thus, the marriage of the elderly in Socah is sometimes appropriate and not in accordance with the maqasid shari'ah. The suitability in question is in terms of hifz al-din (protecting religion) and hifz al-mal (protecting wealth), while its inadequacies are in terms of hifz al-nasl (protecting offspring), because of their desires to have offspring and in terms of hifz al-nafs (protecting soul), and hifz al-'aql (protecting ratio), because of differences in descent have the negative effect on family disharmony that can interfere with the soul and mind. In this case, an intense dialogue and approach must be made to the couple to be more open and understand each other.

scholarly journals Age features of arterial human kidney vessels

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
O. A. Kaplunova
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cortical Substance ◽  
Age Features ◽  
Aging People ◽  
Renal Vascular

Objective: to study the structural transformations of the architectonics of intra-organ renal arterial vessels in the age aspect.Materials and methods: 150 kidneys of people of diff erent age who died from the reasons which are not connected with diseases of cardiovascular and urinary systems are investigated. The studies were carried out using a set of methods: angiographic, macromicroscopic and morphometry.Results: with increasing age, a decrease in the number of vascular glomeruli in the kidney, the proportion of glomerular mass in the cortical substance of the kidney was found. In old age and in centenarians, a rare capillary network in the cortical substance of the kidney, tortuosity, narrowing and expansion of direct arterioles and capillaries in the cerebral substance was revealed. In old age and in centenarians, compared with adolescence, the relative content of arterial vessels in the cortical substance decreases by 6 times, in the juxtamedullary zone — by 4 and in the cortical substance — by 2 times.Conclusions: the large diameters of the juxtamedullary glomeruli and a large index of the relative content of arterial vessels in the juxtamedullary zone create prerequisites for possible juxtamedullary shunting with urgent adaptation in the norm. The decrease in these indicators in old age, the elderly and centenarians, obviously, explains the age-related decline in the adaptive capacity of the arterial bed of the kidneys. With increasing age, the range of adaptive capabilities of the renal vascular bed of aging people decreases compared to those of mature age. 

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