Changes in concentrations of serum albumin in dairy cows at calving and their possible significance in relation to milk yield and fertility during lactation

1978 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
G.J. Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Blood Constituent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Periods Of Stress ◽  
Blood Profiles

The Compton Metabolic Profile Test was designed to monitor the health of dairy herds, but the possibility is now being investigated of using blood profiles as an aid in the identification of prediction of cows with superior production potential. The problem of determining whether blood profiles can be used in this way, however, is likely to be complex. Even if relationships can be found between individual blood profiles of cows and their current performance, it need not follow that such relationships could be predicted from samples collected earlier in life. Further, although it has been shown that cows maintain individual blood profiles over fairly long periods of time (Kitchenham and Rowlands, 1976) the important characteristic may not be the mean concentration of a blood constituent maintained by a cow, but the ability of a cow to maintain normal concentrations during periods of stress.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BLOOD METABOLIC PROFILES AND MILK YIELD ASSOCIATED WITH PARITY AND STAGE OF LACTATION IN CROSSBRED DAIRY COWS IN BANGLADESH

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Naher ◽  
M. A. Samad ◽  
S. H. M. F. Siddiki ◽  
M. T. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

Background: Cattle cross-breeding program has been launched throughout Bangladesh but this program has still focused mainly on biological rather than economic evaluation. Currently, 30000 dairy farms with mainly cross-bred cows are in operation throughout the country and this intensive dairy farming system with high milk yielding dairy cows is supposed to be associated with high incidence of sub-clinical nutritional and metabolic diseases. Objectives: The objective of this study was to detect the relationship between major blood metabolic profiles and milk yield associated with parity and stage of lactation in cross-bred dairy cows. Materials and Methods: Blood samples of 220 apparently healthy lactating cross-bred dairy cows (HF x L, n = 190; SH x L, n = 20 and JS x L, n = 10) of 10 dairy herds were collected for metabolic profile test (MPT) in Bangladesh during the period from July to November 2016. The major metabolic profiles which are associated with milk fever (calcium, phosphorus & magnesium) and ketosis (glucose) were considered in this study. These biochemical parameters were estimated to detect the influence of risk factors including herds, breeds, parities and lactation age of cross-bred lactating dairy cows by using the commercial kits in spectrophotometer method. Results: The evaluation of the biochemical constituents of 220 cross-bred lactating dairy cows revealed that 30% (n = 66) had hypocalcaemia and 20.45% (n = 45) had hypoglycemia. Significantly lower levels of average calcium (7.93 ± 0.36 mg/dl; p < 0.024) and glucose (43.44 ± 3.63 mg/dl; p < 0.0001) values were recorded in HF x L cross-bred dairy herd of BAUDF, Mymensingh in comparison to other investigated nine dairy herds. The highest milk yield was recorded at 7th parity (16 +- 0.91 liter / day) and 1st week of lactation (17.33 +- 1.09 liter / day) were associated with low mean calcium (8.09 +- 0.85 mg / dl; 6.68 +- 0.13 mg/dl) and glucose (36.45 +- 7.67 mg/dl; 32.31 +- 3.90 mg / dl) levels in comparison to the respective values of different parity and lactation weeks. Conclusions: A relationship between blood metabolic profiles and milk yield associated with herd, breed, parity and lactation stages was recorded in lactating crossbred dairy cows. The evaluation of blood metabolites at different stages of lactation cycle especially at transition period is required to detect the nutritional and metabolic health for optimum milk production and to achieve maximum reproductive potential of high yielding dairy cattle. The readily available milk samples could be used as a biological fluid to monitor the health and nutritional status of dairy cows by using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy method to prevent sub-clinical metabolic disorders. Therefore, well developed laboratories with necessary equipment, test kits and reagent should be provided to perform MPT in both the blood and milk samples for practical uses. Keywords: Compton metabolic profile test, Metabolic profile, Lactating cross-bred cows, Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Glucose, Parity, Lactation stages

Effect of feed quality and stage of lactation on the concentration of glucose in the blood of lactating cattle

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ McClure
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Feed Quality ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Three groups of dairy cows were fed on: (i) immature forage oats, together with hay and dairy meal (ration A), or (ii) moderately mature forage oats alone (ration B), or (iii) relatively mature forage oats supplemented with dairy meal (ration C), from 2 weeks before until 10 weeks after parturition. The mean concentration of glucose in the blood of the cows fed on ration A did not fall significantly after parturition, but did fall significantly after parturition in the blood of cows on rations B and C. There appeared to be an interaction between feed quality and the stage of lactation in their effects on blood glucose concentration.

The metabolism of caesium-137 in dairy cows

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Sansom
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Continuous Feeding ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Doses ◽  
Mean Concentration

1. The metabolism of 137Cs in dairy cows has been studied after single oral and intravenous doses and during twice daily oral dosing for 28 days.2. Gastrointestinal absorption of 137Cs was about 70-80% of the oral doses.3. After 28 days continuous feeding the mean concentration of 137Cs in milk was 0.84% daily dose/1. and the body burden of the isotope varied between 5.7 and 8.2 times the daily intake.4. When feeding of 137Cs stopped the concentration of the isotope in milk fell by a factor of five in 8 days, by a factor of ten in 16 days, by a factor of twenty in 32 days, and thereafter exponentially with a half-life of 30 days. The concentrations of the isotope in muscle decreased at first rather slowly but finally also exponentially with a half-life of approximately 30 days.

scholarly journals Serum albumin and transferrin in protein-energy malnutrition: Their use in the assessment of marginal undernutrition and the prognosis of severe undernutrition

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Reeds ◽  
A. A. O. Laditan
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Serum Transferrin ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Index Of Severity ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Made In

1. Deficits in weight- and length-for-age, and serum albumin and transferrin concentrations were determined for children who were either marginally undernourished (twenty-five children) or suffering from either marasmus (thirty-two children) or kwashiorkor (twenty-six children) defined according to the Wellcome Classification (Waterlow, 1972). The measurements were also made in eight children with kwashiorkor after the loss of oedema, and in sixteen children who were recovering from either marasmus or kwashiorkor.2. The mean concentration of serum albumin was similar for children from the ‘under-nourished’ group and from the group with marasmus, but was significantly reduced in those with kwashiorkor.3. The concentration of serum transferrin was significantly reduced in both the group of children with marasmus and those with kwashiorkor. The serum transferrin concentration was significantly lower in children with kwashiorkor when compared with the level in those with marasmus.4. Seventeen children (seven with kwashiorkor and ten with marasmus) died. These children were neither lighter nor shorter than the severely malnourished children who survived. The concentration of serum albumin was not lower in the children who died than in those who survived.5. In contrast to the results for serum albumin concentrations, the children who died had significantly lower levels of serum transferrin than those who survived.6. There was a significant linear relationship between serum transferrin concentrations and the deficits in length-for-age (P < 0·05) and weight-for-length (P < 0·001) in the marginally undernourished children. The deficit in weight-for-length was also linearly related to the serum transferrin concentrations (P < 0·001) in children recovering from severe malnutrition.7. It is suggested that the measurement of serum transferrin concentrations provides an index of severity in severely malnourished children, and should prove useful in field assessments of nutritional status.

scholarly journals Determination of antioxidant indices in dairy cows during the periparturient period

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolína Píšťková ◽  
Josef Illek ◽  
Romana Kadek
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Periparturient Period ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

The aim of the present study was to evaluate indicators of antioxidant status – glutathione peroxidase (GPx); superoxide dismutase (SOD); total antioxidant status (TAS); vitamins A, E and beta carotene in 10 dairy cows of the Holstein breed from 15-20 days ante partum (a.p.) to 25–30 days post partum (p.p.). Blood samples were collected 5 × during this period: 15–20 days a.p., 1–3 days a.p., 2–3 days p.p., 10–15 days p.p. and 25–30 days p.p. The mean GPx activity was significantly (P = 0.013) lower in the 10–15 days p.p. compared to 15–20 days a.p. (P < 0.05) and 1–3 days a.p. (P < 0.01). The increase of SOD values was monitored throughout the whole experiment. The mean TAS concentration was significantly (P < 0.01) decreased 2–3 days p.p. compared to 25–30 days p.p. A significantly lower mean concentration of vitamin A was also found 2–3 days p.p. compared to the concentration 15–20 days a.p. (P < 0.05) and 25–30 days p.p. (P < 0.001). A significant (P < 0.001) decrease in vitamin E concentration was recorded in cows 2–3 days p.p. compared to cows 15–20 days a.p. and 25–30 days p.p. The mean concentration of beta carotene was also decreased immediately after calving. Significant changes in the concentration of antioxidant parameters during the periparturient period indicate the occurrence of oxidative stress in dairy cows which can contribute to increased incidence of metabolic diseases.

Modelling the effect of the stage of pregnancy on dairy cows' milk yield

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Coulon ◽  
L. Pérochon ◽  
F. Lescourret
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Pregnant Animal ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe effect of pregnancy on milk yield was studied on a 601 lactation sample. One hundred and sixty-nine lactations of non-pregnant cows, managed under identical conditions, served as controls. Lactations were divided into five groups according to parity (primiparous or multiparous) and production potential (two ranks for primiparous cows, three ranks for multiparous cows). The difference between the individual milk yield of each pregnant animal, and the mean production of the corresponding controls was computed weekly from the week of conception. The reducing effect of pregnancy began to be measurable from the 20th week of pregnancy, regardless of the group studied or the week of conception. Analysing the amplitude of this effect restricted the investigation to the three following groups: (i) primiparous cows, (ii) low- and medium-producing multiparous cows, (iii) high-producing multiparous cows. The effect of pregnancy was lower in primiparous than in multiparous cows. In the latter, it was higher in high-producing cows, partly because of the greater calf weight. At the 29th pregnancy week, this effect reached -17middot;5, -2·4 and -3·6 kg/day in the three groups, respectively. In each of these three lactation groups, the following non-linear modelY = −e−a[(Pw~18)e−bpw]was fitted, where Y is the difference between the milk yields of pregnant and non-pregnant cows at a given stage (week), Pw is the pregnancy week, and a and b are parameters. The overall milk yield losses over a complete lactation, as estimated from the integral of that equation, reached 89, 137 and 203 kg, respectively in the three groups.

Instant 99mTc-Labelled Glucoheptonate Kit for Kidney Imaging

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (05) ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Al-Hilli ◽  
H. M. A. Karim ◽  
M. H. S. Al-Hissoni ◽  
M. N. Jassim ◽  
N. H. Agha
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Stable Complex ◽  
Scintillation Camera ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kidney Imaging ◽  
Mean Concentration

Gelchromatography column scanning has been used to study the fractions of reduced hydrolyzed 99mTc, 99mTc-pertechnetate and 99mTc-chelate in a 99mTc-glucoheptonate (GH) preparation. A stable high labelling yield of 99mTc-GH complex in the radiopharmaceutical has been obtained with a concentration of 40-50 mg of glucoheptonic acid-calcium salt and not less than 0.45 mg of SnCl2 2 H2O at an optimal pH between 6.5 and 7.0. The stability of the complex has been found significantly affected when sodium hydroxide solution was used for the pH adjustment. However, an alternative procedure for final pH adjustment of the preparation has been investigated providing a stable complex for the usual period of time prior to the injection. The organ distribution and the blood clearance data of 99mTc-GH in rabbits were relatively similar to those reported earlier. The mean concentration of the radiopharmaceutical in both kidneys has been studied in normal subjects for one hour with a scintillation camera and the results were satisfactory.

PROGESTERONE IN THE HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN THE PREOVULATORY PERIOD OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Runnebaum ◽  
Josef Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Progesterone was determined and identified in human peripheral blood during the preovulatory period of the menstrual cycle, by combined isotope derivative and recrystallization analysis. The mean concentration of progesterone in 1.095 ml of plasma obtained 9 days before ovulation was 0.084 μg/100 ml. However, the mean concentration of progesterone in 1.122 ml of plasma obtained 4 days before ovulation was 0.279 μg/100 ml. These data demonstrate a source of progesterone secretion other than the corpus luteum. The higher plasma-progesterone concentration 4 days before ovulation may indicate progesterone secretion of the ripening Graafian follicle of the ovary.

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF OESTRONE AND OESTRADIOL IN THE PERIPHERAL PLASMA OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL IN VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES AND OF HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED AND OVARIECTOMIZED FOWLS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Senior
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Chicken Ovary

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay was developed to measure the levels of oestrone and oestradiol in 0.5–1.0 ml of domestic fowl peripheral plasma. The oestrogens were extracted with diethyl ether, chromatographed on columns of Sephadex LH-20 and assayed with an antiserum prepared against oestradiol-17β-succinyl-bovine serum albumin using a 17 h incubation at 4°C. The specificity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy of the assays were satisfactory. Oestrogen concentrations were determined in the plasma of birds in various reproductive states. In laying hens the ranges of oestrone and oestradiol were 12–190 pg/ml and 29–327 pg/ml respectively. Levels in immature birds, in adult cockerels and in an ovariectomized hen were barely detectable. The mean concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol in the plasma of four non-laying hens (55 pg/ml and 72 pg/ml respectively) and one partially ovariectomized hen (71 pg/ml and 134 pg/ml respectively) were well within the range for laying hens. It is evident that the large, yolk-filled follicles are not the only source of oestrogens in the chicken ovary.

scholarly journals Comparison of metabolic changes after neoadjuvant endocrine and chemotherapy in ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Hyun Ryu ◽  
Sei Hyun Ahn ◽  
Seon Ok Kim ◽  
Jeong Eun Kim ◽  
Ji sun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy ◽  
The Mean

AbstractSurvival of breast cancer patients has improved, and treatment-related changes regarding metabolic profile deterioration after neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST) become important issues in cancer survivors. We sought to compare metabolic profile changes and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) between patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) 3 years after the treatment. In a prospective, randomized, phase III trial which compared 24 weeks of NCT with adriamycin and cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel and NET with goserelin and tamoxifen (NEST), 123 patients in the Asan Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate metabolic changes, such as body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), fasting glucose, and the NLR. The mean age of patients was 42 years. The changes in BMI, serum glucose, and TC during NST and after 3 years were significantly different between NCT and NET. The proportion of overweight + obese group and the mean BMI were significantly increased during NCT (26.6% to 37.5%, 22.84 kg/m2 to 23.87 kg/m2, p < 0.05), and these attributes found to have normalized at the 3-year follow-up. In the NET group, BMI changes were not observed (p > 0.05, all). There were no differences in changes over time among in the Hypertension group during NCT and NET (p = 0.96). The mean value of serum TC and fasting glucose significantly increased (< 0.05, both) during NCT and decreased 3 years after NCT (p < 0.05); however, no significant changes were observed in the NET group. The NLR was increased from 1.83 to 3.18 after NCT (p < 0.05) and decreased from 1.98 to 1.43 (p < 0.05) after NET. Compared with minimal metabolic effect of NET, NCT worsens metabolic profiles, which were recovered over 3 years. The NLR was increased after NCT but decreased after NET.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document